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Comparative insights into mitochondrial adaptations to anoxia in brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第5期11卷 723-724页

作者： matthew E.Pamenter Department of Biology University of Ottawa

Numerous diseases and pathologies impair the delivery of oxygen to brain, with rapid and deleterious consequences. For example, diseases related to systemic hypoxemia （e.g., chronic pulmonary disorders, cystic fibrosis）, decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood （e.g., anemia）, or decreased transport （e.g., heart attack, stroke） can all reduce or entirely prevent the delivery of oxygen to brain cells, resulting in the initiation of programmed cell death pathways, necrosis, or excitotoxic cell death in brain （Pamenter, 2014）. However, oxygen-limited environments are common on earth and many organisms naturally experience periods of intermit- tent or prolonged hypoxia or anoxia in their daily and/or annual life cycles （Bickler and Buck, 2007）.

关键词： Comparative insights into mitochondrial adaptations to anoxia in brain

Modeling and optimization of Terminalia catappa *** oil extraction using response surface methodology and artificial neural network

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2020年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chinedu matthew Agu matthew Chukwudi Menkiti Ekwe Bassey Ekwe Albert Chibuzor Agulanna Chemical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaNigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Gregory UniversityUturuNigeria Materials and Energy Technology Department Projects Development Institute(PRODA)Emene Industrial AreaEnuguNigeria

In this study,response surface methodology(RSM)and artificial neural network(ANN)were used to optimize Terminalia catappa *** oil(TCKO)*** extraction method was used for the oil extraction,with n-hexane as the extracting *** highest oil yield was obtained at 55℃,150 min,and 0.5 *** physicochemical properties of the TCKO were determined using standard *** chromatographic(GC)analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)were respectively,used to determine the fatty acid composition and prevalent functional groups in *** optimum conditions of temperature,particle size and extraction time,the RSM predicted oil yield was 62.92%,which was validated as 60.34%,whereas ANN predicted yield was 60.39%,which was validated as 60.40%.The results of the physicochemical characterization of TCKO showed that the dielectric strength(DS),viscosity,flash and pour points values were 30.61 KV,20.29 mm^2 s^−1,260°C,and 3℃,*** characterization and FTIR results of TCKOindicated its potential industrial application,especially as transformer *** acids compositions result indicated that the oil was highly unsaturated;while XRD results of Terminalia catappa ***(TCK)samples obtained,both before and after extraction,showed difference in their peaks and corresponding intensities,due to the damage effect of ***,the obtained optimization results indicated that ANN was a better and more effective tool than RSM,due to its higher R^2 and lower RMS values.

关键词： Response surface methodology Artificial neural network Optimization Terminalia catappa L.kernel

Developing a Durable Quiet Road Surface

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Sound & Vibration 2018年第3期52卷 2-5页

作者： matthew Muirhead Iswandaru Widyatmoko AECOM MidpointAlencon LinkBasingstokeRG217PPUnited Kingdom AECOM 12 Regan WayChetwyn Business ParkNottingham NG96RZUnited Kingdom

Road traffic noise can have a significant impact on the quality of life for residents close to major road *** of the most effective measures for reducing the noise from road traffic,particularly on high-speed roads,is to ensure the use of a low noise road *** on pavement construction and the measurement of its acoustic properties has shown that significant noise reductions can be achieved through the use of certain road surface *** certain low noise road surfaces do not exhibit the desired durability associated with more traditional pavements,leading to costly and disruptive maintenance *** article looks at the mechanisms involved in tyre/road noise generation and how these interact with various road surface properties including a brief overview of some common surface *** then goes on to explain how these concepts informed the development of an asphalt surfacing material with enhanced durability and good acoustic performance without compromising *** in testing the resulting Premium Asphalt Surfacing System(PASS)is outlined,including the completion of a successful network trial.

关键词： Asphalt oad surface low noise pavement tyre/road noise

A “GC-rich” method for mammalian gene expression:A dominant role of non-coding DNA GC content in the regulation of mammalian gene expression

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 94-100页

作者： Gilbert Rishton matthew (Mizhou) HUI AmProtein Inc NCPC R&D Center Harbin Pharmaceutical Group R&D Center AmProtein China

High mammalian gene expression was obtained for more than twenty different proteins in different cell types by just a few laboratory scale stable gene transfections for each *** stable expression vectors were constructed by inserting a naturally-occurring 1.006 kb or a synthetic 0.733 kb DNA fragment(including intron) of extremely GC-rich at the 5’ or/and 3’ flanking regions of these protein genes or their gene *** experiment is the first experimental evidence showing that a non-coding extremely GC-rich DNA fragment is a super "chromatin opening element" and plays an important role in mammalian gene *** experiment has further indicated that chromatin-based regulation of mammalian gene expression is at least partially embedded in DNA primary structure,namely DNA GC-content.

关键词： GC-rich GC content DNA structure stable expression mammalian cell expression mechanism

What activates the Mg surface——A comparison of Mg dissolution mechanisms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第22期54卷 204-220页

作者： Jufeng Huang Guang-Ling Song Andrej Atrens matthew Dargusch Center for Marine Materials Corrosion and Protection College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQld 4072Australia

Several mechanisms have been proposed to interpret the widely reported phenomenon of Mg corrosion that the hydrogen evolution rate increases with increasing anodic potential or anodic current density. This paper critically analyzed the two main mechanisms,(1) "the incomplete film univalent Mg+ion mechanism" and(2) "the enhanced catalytic activity mechanism", aiming to clarify the current understanding of the Mg corrosion mechanism and to provide a profound insight into the Mg characteristic electrochemical behavior, anodic polarization accelerating both hydrogen evolution and Mg dissolution. It is expected that the deepened fundamental understanding from this comprehensive mechanistic review will provide a basis of practical applications for Mg alloys and open up a new way to the control of corrosion of Mg alloys in practice.

关键词： Magnesium Negative difference effect(NDE) Corrosion Hydrogen evolution Anodic dissolution

Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： matthew L.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. However, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P < 0.001–0.010). Differences between agriculture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with in situ X-ray micro-tomography scanning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 357-373页

作者： Zhuang CHENG Jianfeng WANG matthew Richard COOP Guanlin YE Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057China Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is *** conjunction with an X-ray microtomography(termed as X-ray fiCT hereafter)facility and advanced image processing techniques,this apparatus can be used for in situ investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under *** apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of 8 mm x 16 mm(diameter x height).In situ triaxial testing of a 0.4-0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand(LBS)under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is *** evolutions of local porosities(i.e.,the porosities of regions associated with individual particles),particle kinematics(i.e.,particle translation and particle rotation)of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis ***,a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle *** is found that the sample,with nearly homogenous initial local porosities,starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric *** the post-peak shear stage,large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized *** developed triaxial apparatus,in its combined use of X-ray|iCT imaging techniques,is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： triaxial apparatus X-ray fiCT in situ test micro-scale mechanical behavior granular soils

High strength and ductility of titanium matrix composites by nanoscale design in selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第23期118卷 114-127页

作者： Joseph A.Otte Jin Zou matthew S.Dargusch School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

The use of selective laser melting(SLM)to produce titanium matrix composites(TMCs)with high strength while retaining sufficient tensile ductility suitable for structural applications is emerging as an attractive opportunity in the field of advanced ***,the presence of coarse ceramic reinforcements as well as difficulties in optimizing the SLM process is a barrier to the application of *** this study,we demonstrated the production of TMCs reinforced with in situ high aspect ratio Ti B nanowhiskers by selective laser melting using nanosized BN powder *** Ti with 2.5 vol.%nanosized BN powder showed promise for producing high performance TMCs with retained *** acted to produce Ti B nanowhiskers with diameter<50 ***,by controlling post process furnace annealing Ti B retained a low diameter but exhibited a high aspect ratio,up to *** addition to Ti B refinement,nanosized BN addition promoted grain refinement during SLM,both acting as a solute to induce nucleation events and,as Ti B is formed,providing nucleation sites leading to an ultrafine grain structure in as printed samples and after *** produced TMCs exhibit high tensile yield strength,up to1392 MPa,while retaining tensile ductility up to 10%.This study has shown how nanoscale design in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing techniques can be used to produce high performance TMCs through a combination of refined grain structure and high aspect ratio Ti B leading to TMCs with significant improvement in strength,isotropic properties and retained tensile ductility.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Selective laser melting Metal matrix composite Mechanical properties Nanostructure Nanowires

Viral hepatitis:Past,present,and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第14期28卷 1405-1429页

作者： matthew August Odenwald Sonali Paul Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHepatologyand NutritionCenter for Liver DiseasesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Each hepatitis virus—Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E,and G—poses a distinct scenario to the patient and clinician *** the discovery of each virus,extensive knowledge regarding epidemiology,virologic properties,and the natural clinical and immunologic history of acute and chronic infections has been *** discoveries about host immunologic responses to acute and chronic viral infections,combined with virologic data,has led to vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A,B,and E and highly efficacious antivirals for Hepatitis B and *** therapeutic breakthroughs are transforming the fields of hepatology,transplant medicine in general,and public and global *** notably,there is even an ambitious global effort to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis within the next *** attainable,there are many barriers to this goal that are being actively investigated in basic and clinical labs on the local,national,and international ***,we discuss pertinent clinical information and recent organizational guidelines for each of the individual hepatitis viruses while also synthesizing this information with the latest research to focus on exciting future directions for each virus.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Hepatitis G