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Modeling and optimization of Terminalia catappa *** oil extraction using response surface methodology and artificial neural network

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2020年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： chinedu matthew Agu matthew chukwudi Menkiti Ekwe Bassey Ekwe Albert chibuzor Agulanna chemical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaNigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Gregory UniversityUturuNigeria Materials and Energy Technology Department Projects Development Institute(PRODA)Emene Industrial AreaEnuguNigeria

In this study,response surface methodology(RSM)and artificial neural network(ANN)were used to optimize Terminalia catappa *** oil(TcKO)*** extraction method was used for the oil extraction,with n-hexane as the extracting *** highest oil yield was obtained at 55℃,150 min,and 0.5 *** physicochemical properties of the TcKO were determined using standard *** chromatographic(Gc)analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)were respectively,used to determine the fatty acid composition and prevalent functional groups in *** optimum conditions of temperature,particle size and extraction time,the RSM predicted oil yield was 62.92%,which was validated as 60.34%,whereas ANN predicted yield was 60.39%,which was validated as 60.40%.The results of the physicochemical characterization of TcKO showed that the dielectric strength(DS),viscosity,flash and pour points values were 30.61 KV,20.29 mm^2 s^−1,260°c,and 3℃,*** characterization and FTIR results of TcKOindicated its potential industrial application,especially as transformer *** acids compositions result indicated that the oil was highly unsaturated;while XRD results of Terminalia catappa ***(TcK)samples obtained,both before and after extraction,showed difference in their peaks and corresponding intensities,due to the damage effect of ***,the obtained optimization results indicated that ANN was a better and more effective tool than RSM,due to its higher R^2 and lower RMS values.

关键词： Response surface methodology Artificial neural network Optimization Terminalia catappa L.kernel

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Inflammation and vascular disease: the role of c-reactive protein

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2004年第1期1卷 17-20页

作者： matthew J.Sorrentino Loan Pham Thach Nguyen Section of cardiology Department of MedicinePritzker School of MedicineThe University of ChicagoUSA McLaren Regional Medical center Flint MIUSA Director of Interventional cardiology Research St Mary Medical CenterHobart INUSA

Inflammation is an important component of active atherosclerotic disease. c-reactive protein (cRP)is a non-specific inflammatory marker that is increased in inflammatory conditions. Newer more sensitive assays (high sensitivity cRP) can detect the low levels of inflammation associated with vascular disease. cRP levels can give further risk assessment to individuals beyond predictions from traditional risk factors. This measurement is most useful in helping to discriminate risk in intermediate risk patients such as metabolic syndrome patients. Exercise and weight loss have been shown to significantly lower cRP levels. Lipid lowering therapies, especially with the statin class of medications, also lower cRP levels. A reduction in inflammation may be an important component of plaque stabilization and contribute to cardiovascular risk reduction.

关键词： cRP the role of c-reactive protein

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Viral hepatitis:Past,present,and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第14期28卷 1405-1429页

作者： matthew August Odenwald Sonali Paul Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHepatologyand NutritionCenter for Liver DiseasesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Each hepatitis virus—Hepatitis A,B,c,D,E,and G—poses a distinct scenario to the patient and clinician *** the discovery of each virus,extensive knowledge regarding epidemiology,virologic properties,and the natural clinical and immunologic history of acute and chronic infections has been *** discoveries about host immunologic responses to acute and chronic viral infections,combined with virologic data,has led to vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A,B,and E and highly efficacious antivirals for Hepatitis B and *** therapeutic breakthroughs are transforming the fields of hepatology,transplant medicine in general,and public and global *** notably,there is even an ambitious global effort to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis within the next *** attainable,there are many barriers to this goal that are being actively investigated in basic and clinical labs on the local,national,and international ***,we discuss pertinent clinical information and recent organizational guidelines for each of the individual hepatitis viruses while also synthesizing this information with the latest research to focus on exciting future directions for each virus.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis c Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Hepatitis G

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Implicit glass model for simulation of crystal nucleation for glass-ceramics

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npj computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 171-177页

作者： matthew E.McKenzie Sushmit Goyal Troy Loeffler Ling cai Indrajit Dutta David E.Baker John c.Mauro Science and Technology Division Corning IncorporatedCorningNew York 14831USA Manufacturing Technology and Engineering DivisionCorning IncorporatedCorningNew York 14831USA center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIllinois 60439USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA

Predicting crystal nucleation behavior in glass-ceramic materials is important to create new materials for high-tech *** the evolution of crystal microstructures is a challenging problem due to the complex nature of nucleation and growth *** introduce an implicit glass model(IGM)which,through the application of a Generalized Born solvation model,effectively replaces the glass with a continuous *** permits the computational efforts to focus on nucleating atomic clusters or undissolved impurities that serve as sites for heterogeneous *** apply IGM to four different systems:binary barium silicate(with two different compositions),binary lithium silicate,and ternary soda lime silicate and validate our precipitated compositions with established phase ***,we nucleate lithium metasilicate clusters and probe their structures with *** find that the experimental microstructure matches the modeled growing cluster with IGM for lithium metasilicate.

关键词： crystal silicate lithium

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Lack of support for Rensch＇s rule in an intraspecific test using red flour beetle （Tribo/ium castaneum） populations

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 133-140页

作者： Oliver Y. Martin Lukasz Michalczyk Anna L. Millard Brent c. Emerson matthew J. G. Gage School of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom ETH Zurich Experimental Ecology Institute of Integrative Biology D-USYS Universitatsstrasse 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Department of Entomology Institute of Zoology Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 9 30-387 Krakow Poland Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group (IPNA-cSIc) CIAstrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

Rensch＇s rule proposes a universal allometric scaling phenomenon across species where sexual size dimorphism （SSD） has evolved： in taxa with male-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should increase with overall body size, and in taxa with female-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD should decrease with increasing average body size. Rensch＇s rule appears to hold widely across taxa where SSD is male-biased, but not consistently when SSD is female-biased. Furthermore, studies addressing this question within species are rare, so it remains unclear whether this rule applies at the intraspecific level. We assess body size and SSD within Tribolium castaneum （Herbst）, a species where females are larger than males, using 21 populations derived from separate locations across the world, and maintained in isolated laboratory culture for at least 20 years. Body size, and hence SSD patterns, are highly susceptible to variations in temperature, diet quality and other environmental factors. crucially, here we nullify interference of such confounds as all populations were maintained under identical conditions （similar densities, standard diet and exposed to identical temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod）. We measured thirty beetles of each sex for all populations, and found body size variation across populations, and （as expected） female-biased SSD in all populations. We test whether Rensch＇s rule holds for our populations, but find isometry, i.e. no allometry for SSD. Our results thus show that Rensch＇s rule does not hold across populations within this species. Our intraspecific test matches previous interspecific studies showing that Rensch＇s rule fails in species with female-biased SSD.

关键词： allometry body size coleoptera sexual selection sexual size dimorphism Tenebrionidae

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Body Mass changes and Markers of Fitness, Health, and Well-Being over the First Semester of University in New Zealand Students

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 394-403页

作者： matthew W.Driller Timothy Rogers Kim Hebert-Losier c.Martyn Beaven Sport and Exercise Science School of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia School of Health University of WaikatoHamiltonNew Zealand

Purpose The current study aimed to assess the changes in physical and perceptual markers of health,fitness,and well-being over the first semester of university study in a New Zealand *** In a pre-post longitudinal design,90 first-year university students(39 females,51 males,mean±SD age:18±2 years)studying in the field of health,sport and human performance underwent tests of body mass,height,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,predicted VO_(2max),flexibility,countermovement jump height,handgrip strength,isometric mid-thigh pull strength,and well-being pre and post the first semester of university study(12 weeks).Results When evaluating the entire group,there was a significant increase in body mass(0.66 kg,P=0.004)and BMI(0.2 kg/m^(2),P=0.005)and decrease in the“engagement”construct of the well-being questionnaire(−0.2,P=0.03)over the first semester of *** total,73% of students living on-campus reported a decline in sleep and nutrition habits since starting university,in comparison to~35%-40% of students living off-campus(P≤0.03).conclusion Similar to results seen in other countries,and despite the field of study,the first semester of university in New Zealand is likely to be associated with increases in body mass and BMI;however,changes in physical fitness and overall well-being measures were less obvious in the current study.

关键词： Freshmen Obesity college Nutrition Weight-gain

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Review of health risks of low testosterone and testosterone administration

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World Journal of clinical cases 2015年第4期3卷 338-344页

作者： Huanguang Jia charles T Sullivan Sean c Mccoy Joshua F Yarrow matthew Morrow Stephen E Borst center of Innovation on Disability and Rehabilitation Research North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System (151b) Pharmacy Services Malcom Randall VA Medical Center Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center Malcom Randall VA Medical Center

Hypogonadism is prevalent in older men and testosteronereplacement therapy(TRT) for older hypogonadal men is a promising therapy. However, a number of important clinical concerns over TRT safety remain unsolved due to a lack of large-scale randomized clinical trials directly comparing the health risks of untreated hypogonadism vs long-term use of TRT. Meta-analyses of clinical trials of TRT as of 2010 have identified three major adverse events resulting from TRT: polycythemia, an increase in prostate-related events, and a slight reduction in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There are other purported health risks but their incidence can be neither confirmed nor denied based on the small number of subjects that have been studied to date. Furthermore, subsequent literature is equivocal with regard to the safety and utility of TRT and this topic has been subject to contentious debate. Since January 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration has released two official announcements regarding the safety of TRT and clinical monitoring the risks in TRT users. Additionally, the health risks related to the clinical presentation of low or declining testosterone levels not been resolved in the current literature. Because TRT is prescribed in the context of putative risks resulting from reduced testosterone levels, we reviewed the epidemiology and reported risks of low testosterone levels. We also highlight the current information about TRT utilization, the risks most often claimed to be associated with TRT, and current or emerging alternatives to TRT.

关键词： Hypogonadism Epidemiology Aging Low testosterone Testosterone replacement therapy

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High-throughput discovery of fluoride-ion conductors via a decoupled,dynamic,and iterative(DDI)framework

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 983-991页

作者： Jack D.Sundberg Daniel L.Druffel Lauren M.McRae matthew G.Lanetti Jacob T.Pawlik Scott c.Warren Department of chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599United States

Fluoride–ion batteries are a promising alternative to lithium–ion batteries with higher theoretical capacities and working voltages,but they have experienced limited success due to the poor ionic conductivities of known electrolytes and ***,we report a high-throughput computational screening of 9747 fluoride-containing materials in search of fluoride-ion *** a combination of empirical,lightweight DFT,and nudged elastic band(NEB)calculations,we identified>10 crystal systems with high fluoride *** applied a search strategy where calculations are performed in any order(decoupled),computational resources are reassigned based on need(dynamic),and predictive models are repeatedly updated(iterative).Unlike hierarchical searches,our decoupled,dynamic,and iterative framework(DDI)began by calculating high-quality barrier heights for fluoride-ion mobility in a large and diverse group of *** high-quality dataset provided a benchmark against which a rapid calculation method could be *** accurate method was then used to measure the barrier heights for 6797 fluoride–ion *** final dataset has allowed us to discover many fascinating,high-performance conductors and to derive the design rules that govern their *** materials will accelerate experimental research into fluoride–ion batteries,while the design rules will provide an improved foundation for understanding ionic conduction.

关键词： fluoride dynamic repeatedly

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Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis c virus co-infection： epidemiology, natural history and the situation in china

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chinese Medical Journal 2009年第1期122卷 93-97页

作者： LU Ying matthew Robinson ZHANG Fu-jie Department of Public Health Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China School of Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill 27599 USA National center for AIDS/STD control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100050 China

Worldwide, the hepatitis c vires （HcV） and human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） pandemics poseserious threats to global health, currently infecting 130 million and 40 million people respectively. Of those infected with HW, an estimated 4-12 million are co-infected with HcV. Due to shared risk factors for transmission, co-infection with HIV and HcV is common in china. Liver disease was the second leading cause of death behind acquired imunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS） in co-infected patients. Several studies have confirmed that HIV co-infection accelerates the clinical course of chronic HcV infection and leads to an increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and decompensated liver disease.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus hepatitis c virus co-infection

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Technical note: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the presence of an intramedullary femoral nail using anteromedial drilling

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第5期8卷 379-384页

作者： matthew Lacey Joseph Lamplot Kempland c Walley Joseph P De Angelis Arun J Ramappa Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Harvard Medical School Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

AIM To describe an approach to anterior cruciate ligament(AcL) reconstruction using autologous hamstring by drilling via the anteromedial portal in the presence of an intramedullary(IM) femoral *** Once preoperative imagining has characterized the proposed location of the femoral tunnel preparations are made to remove all of the hardware(locking bolts and IM nail). A diagnostic arthroscopy is performed in the usual fashion addressing all intra-articular pathology. The AcL remnant and lateral wall soft tissues are removed from the intercondylar, to provide adequate visualization of the AcL footprint. Femoral tunnel placement is performed using a transportal AcL guide with desired offset and the knee flexed to 2.09 rad. The Beath pin is placed through the guide starting at the AcL's anatomic footprint using arthroscopic visualization and/or fluoroscopic guidance. If resistance is met while placing the Beath pin, the arthroscopy should be discontinued and the obstructing hardware should be removed under fluoroscopic guidance. When the Beath pin is successfully placed through the lateral femur, it is overdrilled with a 4.5 mm Endobutton drill. If the Endobutton drill is obstructed, the obstructing hardware should be removed under fluoroscopic guidance. In this case, the obstruction is more likely during Endobutton drilling due to its larger diameter and increased rigidity compared to the Beath pin. The femoral tunnel is then drilled using a best approximation of the graft's outer diameter. We recommend at least 7 mm diameter to minimize the risk of graft failure. Autologous hamstring grafts are generally between 6.8 and 8.6 mm in diameter. After reaming, the knee is flexed to 1.57 rad, the arthroscope placed through the anteromedial portal to confirm the femoral tunnel position, referencing the posterior wall and lateral cortex. For a quadrupled hamstring graft, the gracilis and semitendinosus tendons are then harvested in the standard fashion. The tendons are

关键词： Anteromedial drilling Intramedullary femoral nail Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Retained hardware

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