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Mathematical Modeling of Possibility Markov Chains by Possibility Theory

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第8期15卷 499-507页

作者： Yoshiki uemura Takemura Kazuhisa Kenji Kita Analog Image Technology Development Laboratory Nara Japan Department of Psychology Waseda University Tokyo Japan MILAI Technologies Inc. Tokushima Japan

Statistical regression models are input-oriented estimation models that account for observation errors. On the other hand, an output-oriented possibility regression model that accounts for system fluctuations is proposed. Furthermore, the possibility Markov chain is proposed, which has a disidentifiable state (posterior) and a nondiscriminable state (prior). In this paper, we first take up the entity efficiency evaluation problem as a case study of the posterior non-discriminable production possibility region and mention Fuzzy DEA with fuzzy constraints. Next, the case study of the ex-ante non-discriminable event setting is discussed. Finally, we introduce the measure of the fuzzy number and the equality relation and attempt to model the possibility Markov chain mathematically. Furthermore, we show that under ergodic conditions, the direct sum state can be decomposed and reintegrated using fuzzy OR logic. We had already constructed the Possibility Markov process based on the indifferent state of this world. In this paper, we try to extend it to the indifferent event in another world. It should be noted that we can obtain the possibility transfer matrix by full use of possibility theory.

关键词： Possibility Markov Chain Ergodic Condition Direct Sum State Prior Indiscriminate State Posterior Discriminatory State

On Exit Time from Balls of Jump-type Symmetric Markov Processes

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第1期26卷 185-192页

作者： Toshihiro uemura Department of Mathematics Faculty of Engineering Science Kansai University

We obtain upper and lower bounds of the exit times from balls of a jump-type symmetric Markov process. The proofs are delivered separately. The upper bounds are obtained by using the Levy system corresponding to the process, while the precise expression of the （L^2-）generator of the Dirichlet form associated with the process is used to obtain the lower bounds.

关键词： symmetric Dirichlet form jump-type Markov process Levy system exit times from balls

Eastern Asian endemic seed plant genera and their paleogeographic history throughout the Northern Hemisphere

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第1期47卷 1-42页

作者： Steven R.MANCHESTER Kazuhiko uemura Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida National Museum of Nature and Science

We review the fossil history of seed plant genera that are now endemic to eastern Asia. Although the majority of eastern Asian endemic genera have no known fossil record at all, 54 genera, or about 9%, are reliably known from the fossil record. Most of these are woody (with two exceptions), and most are today either broadly East Asian, or more specifically confined to Sino-Japanese subcategory rather than being endemic to the Sino-Himalayan area. Of the "eastern Asian endemic" genera so far known from the fossil record, the majority formerly occurred in Europe and/or North America, indicating that eastern Asia served as a late Tertiary or Quaternary refugium for taxa. Hence, many of these genera may have originated in other parts of the Northern Hemisphere and expanded their ranges across continents and former sea barriers when tectonic and climatic conditions al- lowed, leading to their arrival in eastern Asia. Although clear evidence for paleoendemism is provided by the gymnosperms Amentotaxus, Cathaya, Cephalotaxus, Cunninghamia, Cryptomeria, Glyptostrobus, Ginkgo, Ketel-eeria, Metasequoia, Nothotsuga, Pseudolarix, Sciadopitys, and Taiwania, and the angiosperms Cercidiphyllum, Choerospondias, Corylopsis, Craigia, Cyclocarya, Davidia, Dipelta, Decaisnea, Diplopanax, Dipteronia, Em-menopterys, Eucommia, Euscaphis, Hemiptelea, Hovenia, Koelreuteria, Paulownia, Phellodendron, Platycarya, Pteroceltis, Rehderodendron, Sargentodoxa, Schizophragma, Sinomenium, Tapiscia, Tetracentron, Toricellia, Trapella, and Trochodendron, we cannot rule out the possibility that neoendemism plays an important role especially for herbaceous taxa in the present-day flora of Asia, particularly in the Sino-Himalayan region. In addition to reviewing paleobotanical occurrences from the literature, we document newly recognized fossil occurrences that expand the geographic and stratigraphic ranges previously known for Dipelta, Pteroceltis, and Toricellia.

关键词： Cretaceous eastern Asia endemic paleobotany phytogeography Tertiary

Fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease concomitant with cytomegalovirus infection:Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第4期19卷 597-603页

作者： Hidetaka Okubo Naoyoshi Nagata Naomi uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kohnodai HospitalIchikawa 272-0827ChibaJapan

Here,we report a case of fulminant gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease(GI-GVHD) with cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection in 44-year-old *** the difficulties associated with the treatment of GIGVHD and GI-CMV disease,the mucosal findings and the clinical course showed marked improvements during long-term clinical *** endoscopic findings were remarkable,with diffuse sloughing mucosa in the stomach and highly active inflammation and deep discrete ulcers throughout the *** in the CMV quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were correlated with the endoscopic mucosal findings and were useful for assessing the efficacy of the *** a definite diagnosis of GI-GVHD is generally made by endoscopy with biopsy,the gross appearance of this disease can vary depending on the *** this paper,we also conduct a literature review of patients with GI-GVHD.

关键词： Acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease Allogenic stem-cell transplantation Cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease Cytomegaloviruspolymerase chain reaction Endoscopy

Two-dimensional self-assembly of melem and melemium cations at pH-controlled aqueous solution-Au（111） interfaces under electrochemical control

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 294-300页

作者： Shinobu uemura Kenki Sakata Masashi Aono Yusuke Nakamura Masashi Kunitake Department of Advanced Materials Sciences Faculty of Engineering Kagawa University Kagawa 761-0396 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Kumamoto University Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan

Two-dimensional self-assembly of melem at pH-controlled aqueous solution-Au（111） interfaces has been investigated by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy. In the solutions with pH 〉 pKbl of melem, two ordered self-assembled structures （honeycomb and close-packed structures） and one disordered fibrillar structure were observed as a function of the surface coverage ofmelem controlled by the electrode potential. In contrast, in the acidic solution with pH 〈 pKbl of melem, only the self-assembled honeycomb network was observed in a relatively wide potential range probably due to the presence of monoprotonated melem cations. Dots attrib- uted to counteranions were frequently observed in the pores of the honeycomb network. The lack of close-packed and fibrillar structures at low pH （〈 pKbl） is attributed to ionic repulsion of melemium cations.

关键词： self-assembly scanning tunneling micro-scopy electrochemistry structural phase transition melem

Effect of ethanedioic acid functionalization on Ni/Al_2O_3 catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization of octadec-9-enoic acid into biofuel: kinetics and Arrhenius parameters

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第1期25卷 158-168页

作者： Olumide Bolarinwa Ayodele Kallidanthiyil Chellappan Lethesh Zahra Gholami Yoshimitsu uemura Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Centralized Analytical Laboratory Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

The effect of ethanedioic acid（Ed A） functionalization on Al2O3 supported Ni catalyst was studied on the hydrodeoxygenation（HDO）, isomerization, kinetics and Arrhenius parameters of octadec-9-enoic acid（OA） into biofuel in this report. This was achieved via synthesis of two catalysts; the first, nickel alumina catalyst（Ni/Al2O3） was via the incorporation of inorganic Ni precursor into Al2O3; the second was via the incorporation nickel oxalate（Ni Ox） prepared by functionalization of Ni with Ed A into Al2O3 to obtain organometallic Ni Ox/Al2O3 catalyst. Their characterization results showed that Ni species present in Ni/Al2O3 and Ni Ox/Al2O3 were 8.2% and 9.3%, respectively according to the energy dispersive X-ray result. Ni Ox/Al2O3 has comparably higher Ni content due to the Ed A functionalization which also increases its acidity and guarantees high Ni dispersion with weaker metal-support-interaction leading to highly reducible Ni as seen in the X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TPR and Raman spectroscopy results. Their activities tested on the HDO of OA showed that Ni Ox/Al2O3 did not only display the best catalytic and reusability abilities, but it also possesses isomerization ability due to its increased acidity. The Ni Ox/Al2O3 also has the highest rate constants evaluated using pseudo-first-order kinetics,but the least activation energy of 176 k J/mol in the biofuel formation step compared to 244 k J/mol evaluated when using Ni/Al2O3. The result is promising for future feasibility studies toward commercialization of catalytic HDO of OA into useful biofuel using organometallic catalysts.

关键词： Octadec-9-enoic acid Hydrodeoxygenation Isomerization Nickel oxalate Biofuel

Estimating harvest costs and projecting quantities of logging residues for small-scale forestry in Nasushiobara, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 965-974页

作者： Chikara Nakahata Ryo uemura Masashi Saito Kanae Kanetsuki Kazuhiro Aruga Department of Forest Science Faculty of Agriculture Utsunomiya University 350 Mine Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan Frontier Agriscience and Technology Center Faculty of Agriculture Shinshu University Nagano 399-4598 Japan Nasunogahara Land Improvement Districts Tochigi 329-2807 Japan

We used GIS on a regional scale to estimate and compare supply potentials and costs of small-scale logging systems, a mini-forwarder and a 4-ton truck operated by private logging contractors, and manual logging and a light truck operated by individual forest own- ers, with the mechanized operational system of the Forest Owners＇ Asso- ciation. Total potential yields of timber and logging residues were esti- mated as 418,895 m3 and 254,962 m3, respectively. The economic bal- ances were estimated and available amounts were projected as supply potentials from profitable sub-compartments. As a result, available amounts of timber and logging residues were estimated at 375,466 m3 （89.9%） and 203,850 m3 （80.0%）, respectively. Because their transport expenses were lower than for other systems the most profitable sub-compartments were operated by private logging contractors who sold logging residues at a plant. The profitable sub-compartments operated by individual forest owners were few because the extracting distances were usually greater than 20 m. Raising logging residue prices from 3,000 yen·m-3 to 4,080 yen·m-3 or 6,800 yen·m-3, and establishing forest roads, which reduced some extracting distances to less than 20 m, increased the number and area of profitable sub＊compartments, and increased available amounts of logging residues.

关键词： GIS supply potentials private logging contractor individual

Statin as a therapeutic agent in gastroenterological cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第1期14卷 110-123页

作者： Norio uemura Hiromitsu Hayashi Hideo Baba Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8556Japan

Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase,the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway,and are widely used as an effective and safe approach handle *** mevalonate pathway is a vital metabolic pathway that uses acetyl-CoA to generate isoprenoids and sterols that are crucial to tumor growth and *** studies have indicated that statins improve patient prognosis in various *** research on the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of statins is *** development of new anti-cancer drugs is progressing,but increasing medical costs from drug development have become a major *** available,inexpensive and well-tolerated drugs like statins have not yet been successfully repurposed for cancer *** the cancer patients that may benefit from statins is key to improved patient *** review summarizes recent advances in statin research in cancer and suggests important considerations for the clinical use of statins to improve outcomes for cancer patients.

关键词： Statin HMG CoA reductase inhibitor Mevalonate pathway Cancer

Local regulator adrenomedullin contributes to the circulatory disturbance in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 2095-2102页

作者： Shinya Sakurai Hideyuki Kojima Masahito uemura Hiroyasu Satoh Hiroshi Fukui Third Department of Internal Medicine Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara-shiNara 634-8522Japan Department of Pharmacology Nara Medical University 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara-shiNara 634-8522Japan

AIM： To investigate whether adrenomedullin, a potent vasodilator peptide, plays a role in the circulatory disturbance in cirrhosis. METHODS： Cirrhosis was induced in rats by weekly gavage of carbon tetrachloride. Hemodynamic studies were performed in vivo using radioactive microspheres and in vitro using isolated aortic rings. The adrenomedullin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： Acute administration of adrenomedullin to the control rats reduced the systemic arterial pressure along with an increase of serum levels of the stable metabolite of nitric oxide （NOx）, in a dose-dependent manner. Chronic infusion of adrenomedullin reduced the vascular resistance and increased the blood flow in the systemic and splanchnic circulation. Intravenous administration of anti-adrenomedullin antibody did not affect any hemodynamic parameters in the cirrhotic rats, whereas this antibody ameliorated the blunted contractile response to phenylephrine, o-adrenergic receptor agonist, in the aortic rings of the cirrhotic rats. The adrenomedullin concentrations in the aorta were higher in the cirrhotic rats than in the controls, and correlated with the mean arterial pressure in the cirrhotic rats. Moreover, adrenomedullin blunted the contractile response to phenylephrine in both of the control aorta and cirrhotic aorta, but not in the presence of NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester, an NO synthase inhibitor. CONCLUSION： Adrenomedullin overproduced in the vascular wall may contribute to the circulatory disturbance in cirrhosis as a local regulator of the vascular tonus rather than a circulating hormone.

关键词： Adrenomedullin Liver cirrhosis Vasodilation Circulatory disturbance Vascular tonus Circulating hormone