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Do predators prefer toxic animals?A case of chemical discrimination by an Asian snake that sequesters firefly toxins

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 627-634页

作者： masaya fukuda Rinako UJIIE Takato INOUE Qin CHEN Chengquan CAO Li DING Naoki MORI Akira MORI Department of Zoology Graduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Department of Applied Life Science Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China College of Life Sciences Leshan Normal UniversityLeshanSichuan 614000China

Several Asian natricine snakes of the genus Rhabdophis feed on toads and sequester steroidal cardiac toxins known as bufadienolides(BDs)from them.A recent study revealed that species of the Rhabdophis nuchalis Group ingest lampyrine fireflies to sequester *** several species of fireflies are distributed in the habitat of the *** Group,only lampyrine fireflies,which have BDs,are included in the diet of these ***,we hypothesized that the *** Group chemically distinguishes fireflies that have BDs from those that do not have *** also predicted that the *** Group detects BDs as the chemical cue of toxin *** test these predictions,we conducted 3 behavioral experiments using Rhabdophis chiwen,which belongs to the *** *** the first experiment,*** showed a moderate tongue flicking response to cinobufagin,a compound of *** the other hand,the snake showed a higher response to the chemical stimuli of lampyrine fireflies(BD fireflies)than those of lucioline fireflies(non-BD fireflies).In the second experiment,in which we provided live BD and non-BD fireflies,the snake voluntarily consumed only the *** the third,a Y-maze experiment,the snake tended to select the chemical trail of BD fireflies more frequently than that of non-BD *** results demonstrated that *** discriminates BD fireflies from non-BD fireflies,but the prediction that BDs are involved in this discrimination was not fully *** identify the proximate mechanisms of the recognition of novel toxic prey in the *** Group,further investigation is necessary.

关键词： Bufadienolides chemical preference fireflies Rhabdophis toxin sequestration

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A New Species of the Genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger,1843(Squamata:Colubridae)in Southwestern Sichuan,China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第2期11卷 95-107页

作者： Yige PIAO Zening CHEN Yanqing WU Shengchao SHI Hirohiko TAKEUCHI Teppei JONO masaya fukuda Akira MORI Yezhong TANG Qin CHEN Li DING Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaNanjing 210042JiangsuChina College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon UniversityFujisawaKanagawa 2520880Japan Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the RyukyusNishiharaOkinawa 9030213Japan Department of Zoology Graduate School of ScienceKyoto UniversitySakyoKyoto 6068502Japan

The genus Rhabdophis is a group of widely distributed snakes with more than 20 *** field surveys uncovered a species in southwestern China,which has long been considered as *** molecular and morphological analyses revealed it as a new species Rhabdophis chiwen *** on 12 specimens,this new species is distinguished by the following characters:1)dorsal body saddlebrown,dorsal scales typically with black margins forming spots and stripes,the margin of the outer row forming two faint dorsolateral black cross-bars alongside body;2)ventral scales 151–159,the outer margin of ventral scales and several lateral rows of dorsal scales forming ventrolateral longitudinal brownish-red coloration,with faint black spots in the middle of ventral scales;3)a black oblique stripe present below eyes,often with a black spot between the 2 nd and 3 rd supralabial and a black stripe on the 5 th supralabial;4)eyes dark khaki,pupils black;5)infralabials usually 7,the first four in contact with anterior chin-shields;6)temporal scales 1+1;7)dorsal scales in 15 rows,feebly keeled except the outer 1–2 rows;8)anal scale divided;subcaudals 45–59;9)preocular 1 and postoculars 3(occasionally 2);10)body medium-sized(snout-vent length:adult males 404–431 mm,adult females 409–476 mm);11)tail moderate(tail length/total length in adult males 0.205–0.238,in adult females0.172–0.193).With the discovery of this new species,the total number of species in genus Rhabdophis is 28 with 12 th species known to occur in China.

关键词： Rhabdophis chiwen sp.nov. morphology Natricinae phylogenetics taxonomy

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Recent trends in bone metastasis treatments:A historical comparison using the new Katagiri score system

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2499-2505页

作者： Kenji Matsuda Kazuhiro Shimazu Hanae Shinozaki Koji fukuda Taichi Yoshida Daiki Taguchi Kyoko Nomura Hiroyuki Shibata Department of Clinical Oncology Akita University Graduate School of MedicineAkita 010-8543Japan Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health Akita University Graduate School of MedicineAkita 010-8543Japan Department of Comprehensive Cancer Control Akita University Graduate School of MedicineAkita 010-8543Japan

BACKGROUND Bone metastasis has various negative *** of daily living(ADL)and quality of life(QOL)can be significantly decreased,survival may be impacted,and medical expenses may *** is estimated that at least 5%cancer patients might be suffering from bone *** 2016,we published the Comprehensive Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bone *** then,the therapeutic outcomes for patients have gradually *** life expectancy is a major determinant of surgical intervention,the strategy should be modified if the prolongation of survival is to be *** To monitor how bone metastasis treatment has changed before and after launch of our guidelines for bone *** For advanced cancer patients with bone metastasis who visited the Department of Clinical Oncology at Akita University hospital between 2012 and 2023,parameters including the site and number of bone metastases,laboratory data,and survival time,were extracted from electronic medical records and the Katagiri score was *** association with survival was determined for each *** Data from 136 patients were *** 1-year survival rate for the poor prognosis group with a higher Katagiri score was 20.0%in this study,which was 6%and an apparent improvement from 2014 when the scoring system was *** factors significantly affecting survival included five or more bone metastases than less(P=0.0080),and treatment with chemotherapy(P<0.001),bone modifying agents(P=0.0175)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(P=0.0128).In recent years,advances in various treatment methods have extended the survival period for patients with advanced *** is necessary not only to simply extend survival time,but also to maintain ADL and improve *** Various therapeutic interventions including surgical approach for bone metastasis,which is a disorder of locomotor organs,are increasingly *** and scoring system for p

关键词： Bone metastasis New Katagiri scoring system Prognosis Immune check point inhibitors Survival

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Heterostructure Solar Cells Based on Sol-Gel Deposited SnO<sub>2</sub>and Electrochemically Deposited Cu<sub>2</sub>O

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第6期4卷 1-4页

作者： Akito fukuda masaya Ichimura Department of Engineering Physics Electronics and Mechanics Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

To fabricate a heterostructure solar cell using environmentally friendly materials and low cost techniques, tin oxide (SnO2) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) were deposited by the sol-gel method and the electrochemical deposition, respectively. The SnO2 films were deposited from a SnCl2 solution containing ethanol and acetic acid. The Cu2O films were deposited using a galvanostatic method from an aqueous bath containing CuSO4 and lactic acid at a temperature of 40°C. The Cu2O/SnO2 heterostructure solar cells showed rectification and photovoltaic properties, and the best cell showed a conversion efficiency of 6.6 × 10-2 % with an open-circuit voltage of 0.29 V, a short-circuit current of 0.58 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.39.

关键词： Sol-Gel Deposition Electrochemical Deposition Cu2O SnO2 Solar Cell

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Shot lining of magnesium alloy with hard powders

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第B07期20卷 708-712页

作者： Y.HARADA I.fukuda Graduate School of Engineering University of Hyogo Yatsushiro National College of Technology

To improve the surface properties,lining of magnesium alloys with hard powders by shot peening was carried out in order. The hard powders were tried to bond to the workpiece surface due to the collision of many *** order to fix the hard powders to the surface of the workpiece,the powders were set on an uneven *** easily facilitate fixing of powders,lining of the workpiece with the powder sandwiched between two aluminum foil sheets was also *** this experiment,a centrifugal shot peening machine with an electrical heater was *** workpieces were magnesium alloys AZ31B and AZ91D,and the hard powders were commercial cemented carbide,alumina,and *** joinability of hard powders near the lined surface was observed by a optical *** wear resistance was also evaluated by a wear *** hard powders were successfully bonded to the surface of workpieces by the shot lining *** results show that the present method is effective in wear resistance of the magnesium alloys.

关键词： shot peening surface treatment lining joining joinability magnesium alloy hardness wear resistance cemented carbide ceramic

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Regulation of Vascular Development by CLE Peptide-receptor Systems

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第1期52卷 8-16页

作者： Yuki Hirakawa Yuki Kondo Hiroo fukuda Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo

Cell division and differentiation of stem cells are controlled by non- cell-autonomous signals in higher organisms. The plant vascular meristem is a stem-cell tissue comprising procambial cells that produce xylem cells on one side and phloem cells on the other side. Recent studies have revealed that TDIF （tracheary element differentiation inhibitory factor）/CLE41/CLE44 peptide signal controls the procambial cell fate in a non-cell-autonomous manner. TDIF produced in and secreted from phloem cells is perceived by TDR/PXY, a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase located in the plasma membrane of procambial cells. This signal suppresses xylem cell differentiation of procambial cells and promotes their proliferation. In addition to TDIF, some other CLE peptides play roles in vascular development. Here, we summarize recent advances in CLE signaling governing vascular development.

关键词： TDIF Regulation of Vascular Development by CLE Peptide-receptor Systems

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Prediction of Aerodynamic Noise in a Ring Fan Based on Wake Characteristics

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第2期20卷 144-149页

作者： Soichi Sasaki Masaharu fukuda Masao Tsujino Haruhiro Tsubota Faculty of Engineering Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Research Division Komatsu Ltd.1200 Manda Hiratsuka-shi Kanagawa 254-8567 Japan

A ring fan is a propeller fan that applies an axial-flow impeller with a ring-shaped shroud on the blade tip side. In this study, the entire flow field of the ring fan is simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD); the accuracy of the CFD is verified through a comparison with the aerodynamic characteristics of a propeller fan of current model. Moreover, the aerodynamic noise generated by the fan is predicted on the basis of the wake characteristics. The aerodynamic characteristic of the ring fan based on CFD can represent qualitatively the variation in the measured value. The main flow domain of the ring fan is formed at the tip side of the blade because blade tip vortex is not formed at that location. Therefore, the relative velocity of the ring fan is increased by the circumferential velocity. The sound pressure levels of the ring fan within the frequency band of less than 200 Hz are larger than that of the propeller fan. In the analysis of the wake characteristics, it revealed that Karman vortex shedding occurred in the main flow domain in the frequency domain lower than 200 Hz ; the aerodynamic noise of the ring fan in the vortex shedding frequency enlarges due to increase in the relative velocity and the velocity fluctuation.

关键词： Fan Vortex Aerodynamic Noise Wake Internal Flow

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Vertical impedance functions of pile groups under low-to-high loading amplitudes:numerical simulations and experimental validation

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 647-666页

作者： Usama Zafar Chandra Shekhar Goit Masato Saitoh Riku fukuda School of Science and Engineering Saitama University255 Shimo-OkuboSaitamaJapan

Piles in a group experience additional displacements in soil due to pile-to-pile interactions apart from those resulting from the external *** effect of these interactions determined assuming soil as an elastic and/or viscoelastic material on pile head impedance functions of the pile group is studied by relating the group stiffness to the static stiffness of a single ***,the prevailing elastic solutions may misestimate the resulting pile group response due to the lack of consideration for either soil(material)and/or soil-pile interface *** is well established that soil behaves nonlinearly under moderate-to-high loading amplitudes,and besides,the soil-pile interface nonlinearity can exist even at small loading *** study addresses the effects of these nonlinearities on the vertical impedance functions of a 3×3-pile group using numerical methods by direct analyses and superposition using pile-to-pile interaction *** numerical results are validated using scaled model tests under 1 g *** results highlight the overestimation of pile-to-pile interactions in the pile group when assuming elastic soil *** cases either by direct analyses or superposition approach involving soil and soil-pile interface nonlinearities agree well with the experimental pile group responses under close-to-elastic and nonlinear conditions.

关键词： impedance functions numerical simulations model-scale experiment superposition approach soil-pile interface nonlinearity

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Methods of induced pluripotent stem cells for clinical application

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 116-125页

作者： Tomohisa Seki Keiichi fukuda Department of Cardiology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo 160-8582 Japan Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo 160-8582 Japan

Reprograming somatic cells using exogenetic gene expression represents a groundbreaking step in regenerative medicine. Induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) are expected to yield novel therapies with the potential to solve many issues involving incurable diseases. In particular, applying i PSCs clinically holds the promise of addressing the problems of immune rejection and ethics that have hampered the clinical applications of embryonic stem cells. However, as i PSC research has progressed, new problems have emerged that need to be solved before the routine clinical application of i PSCs can become established. In this review, we discuss the current technologies and future problems of human i PSC generation methods for clinical use.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Cell reprogramming

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BAYESIAN IMAGE SUPERRESOLUTION AND HIDDEN VARIABLE MODELING

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2010年第1期23卷 116-136页

作者： Atsunori KANEMURA Shin-ichi MAEDA Wataru fukuda ShinI SHII Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University

Superresolution is an image processing technique that estimates an original high-resolutionimage from its low-resolution and degraded *** superresolution tasks,there have beenproblems regarding the computational cost for the estimation of high-dimensional *** are now being overcome by the recent development of fast computers and the developmentof powerful computational techniques such as variational Bayesian *** paper reviewsa Bayesian treatment of the superresolution problem and presents its extensions based on hierarchicalmodeling by employing hidden variables.

关键词： Bayesian estimation hidden variables image superresolution Markov random fields variational estimation.

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