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Microbial characteristics in anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating domestic sewage:Effects of HRT and process performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 392-399页

作者： Jialing Ni Jiayuan Ji Yu-You Li Kengo kubota Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringTohoku University6-6-06 AobaAramakiAoba-ku 980-8579SendaiJapan Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment Graduate School of Environmental StudiesTohoku University6-6-06 AobaAramakiAoba-ku 980-8579SendaiJapan

Two anaerobic membrane bioreactors(AnMBRs)equipped with different membrane pore size(0.4 or 0.05μm)were operated at 25℃and fed with domestic *** hydraulic retention time(HRT)of the reactors was *** microbial communities of the two AnMBRs were investigated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to see the effects of *** predominant Archaea was an aceticlastic methanogen *** composition of hydrogenotrophic methanogens changed with the HRTs:the population of Methanobacterium was higher for longer HRTs,whereas the population of unclassified Methanoregulaceae was higher for shorter *** Anaerolineae,Bacteroidia and Clostridia bacteria were dominant in both of the reactors,with a combined relative abundance of over 55%.The relative abundance of Anaerolineae was proportional to the biogas production *** change in the population of hydrogenotrophic methanogens or Anaerolineae can be used as an indicator for process *** sum of the relative abundance of Anaerolineae and Clostridia fluctuated slightly with changes in the HRT in both AnMBRs when the reactor was stably *** co-occurrence analysis revealed the relative abundance of the operational taxonomic units belonging to Anaerolineae and Clostridia was functionally equivalent during the treatment of real domestic sewage.A principal coordination analysis revealed that the changes in the microbial community in each reactor were consistent with the change of *** addition,both the HRT and the stability of the process are important factors for maintaining microbial community structures.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor Co-occurrence analysis Hydrogenotrophic methanogen HRT Microbial community structure Principal coordinate analysis

Optimization of causative factors using logistic regression and artificial neural network models for landslide susceptibility assessment in Ujung Loe Watershed, South Sulawesi Indonesia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 383-401页

作者： Andang Suryana SOMA Tetsuya kubota Hideaki MIZUNO Faculty of Forestry Hasanuddin University Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University

Landslide susceptibility maps(LSMs) play a vital role in assisting land use planning and risk mitigation. This study aims to optimize causative factors using logistic regression(LR) and an artificial neural network(ANN) to produce a LSM. The LSM is produced with 11 causative factors and then optimized using forward-stepwise LR(FSLR), ANN, and their combination(FSLR-ANN) until eight causative factors were found for each method. The ANN method produced superior validation results compared with LR. The ROC values for the training data set ranges between 0.8 and 0.9. On the other hand, validation with the percentage of landslide fall into LSM class high and very high, ANN method was higher(92.59%) than LR(82.12%). FSLR-ANN with nine causative factors gave the best validation results with respect to area under curve(AUC) values, and validation with the percentage of landslide fall into LSM class high and very high. In conclusion, ANN was found to be better than LR when producing LSMs. The best Optimization was combination of FSLR-ANN with nine causative factors and AUC success rate 0.847, predictive rate 0.844 and validation with landslide fall into high and very high class with 91.30%. It is an encouraging preliminary model towards a systematic introduction of FSLR-ANN model for optimization causative factors in landslide susceptibility assessment in the mountainous area of Ujung Loe Watershed.

关键词： Optimized causative factor Landslide, Logistic Regression Artificial neural network Indonesia

Point scoring system to rank traffic calming projects

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第4期3卷 324-335页

作者： Farzana Rahman Hisashi kubota Department of Civil Engineering University of Asia Pacific Graduate School of Science and Engineering Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringSaitama University

The installation of calming measures on a road network is systematically planned way in general to reduce driving speeds, but also reduces the volume of through traffic on local and residential streets. When the demands of traffic calming exceed city resources, there is a need to prioritize or rank them. Asian countries, like lapan, Korea, Bangladesh and etc., do not have a ptioritization system to apply in such cases. The objective of this research is to develop a point ranking system to prioritize traffic calming projects. Firstly paired comparison method was employed to obtain residents＇ opinions about the streets severity and needs of traffic calming treatment. A binary logistic regression model was developed to identify the factors of selecting streets for traffic calming. This model also explored the weight of variables during developing the point ranking system. The weights used in the point ranking system include vehicle speed, pedestrian generation, sidewalk condition and hourly vehicle volume per width （m） of street. Results suggest that the severity of street largely depends on the absence of sidewalks, which has a weight of 45%, and high hourly vehicle volume of traffic per width （m） of street, which has a weight of 38%. These outcomes are significant to develop the state of traffic safety in Japan and other Asian countries.

关键词： Traffic calmingPrioritizePaired comparison methodPreferenceSafety

Preoperative portal vein embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: consensus and controversy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第9期8卷 439-445页

作者： Taku Aoki Keiichi kubota Second Department of Surgery Dokkyo Medical University

Thirty years have passed since the first report of portal vein embolization(PVE),and this procedure is widely adopted as a preoperative treatment procedure for patients with a small future liver remnant(FLR).PVE has been shown to be useful in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and chronic liver ***,special caution is needed when PVE is applied prior to subsequent major hepatic resection in cases with cirrhotic livers,and volumetric analysis of the liver segments in addition to evaluation of the liver functional reserve before PVE is mandatory in such *** in the embolic material and selection of the treatment approach,and combined use of PVE and transcatheter arterial embolization/chemoembolization have yielded improved outcomes after PVE and major hepatic resections.A novel procedure termed the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy has been gaining attention because of the rapid hypertrophy of the FLR observed in patients undergoing this procedure,however,application of this technique in HCC patients requires special caution,as it has been shown to be associated with a high morbidity and mortality even in cases with essentially healthy livers.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Future liver remnant Poral vein embolization Liver functional reserve The associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy

TOD residents' attitudes toward walking to transit station: a case study of transit-oriented developments(TODs) in Bangkok,Thailand

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2019年第1期27卷 39-51页

作者： Pornraht Pongprasert Hisashi kubota Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University

The study aims to analyze the attitude toward walking to the stations of residents living within 1 km of transit stations, or they are called transit-oriented development(TOD) residents. They are highly expected to walk to transit station and use rail in their daily travel. In this research, 249 respondents are asked 10 questions on attitudes of walking to station. The analysis was conducted in two stages: factor analysis and structural equation model. As the current access mode of respondents,walkers are more likely to be low-income *** using motorized mode are mostly from middle-to high-income, households the largest group of *** walking acceptance, high-income group accepts distance and time shorter than other incomes. Low-income households can accept the longer walking distance but shorter time. Middle-income households are more likely to walk in shorter distance than lower-income households,but they tend to accept longer walking time than *** for the analysis results, the feeling of walking among all respondents significantly influences the walking acceptance. The benefit of walking significantly influences walking acceptance only among middle-income households. The walking attitudes on convenience, safety, a sense of freedom, healthiness, and environmental friendliness highly affect respondents' acceptable walking distance and time in TODs.

关键词： Attitude Walking TOD residents Walking acceptance Travel-related attitude Transit-oriented development

Development of an adaptive thermal comfort equation for naturally ventilated buildings in hot-humid climates using ASHRAE RP-~4 dataha~

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2013年第3期2卷 278-291页

作者： Doris Hooi Chyee Toe Tetsu kubota Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima UniversityHiroshima 739-8529 Japan Faculty Of Built Environment Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Skudai 81310 Malaysia

The objective of this study was to develop an adaptive thermal comfort equation for naturally ventilated buildings in hot-humid climates. The study employed statistical meta-analysis of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers （ASHRAE） RP-884 database, which covered several climatic zones. The data were carefully sorted into three climate groups including hot-humid, hot-dry, and moderate and were analyzed separately. The results revealed that the adaptive equations for hot-humid and hot-dry climates were analogous with approximate regression coefficients of 0.6, which were nearly twice those of ASHRAE and European standards 55 and EN15251, respectively. The equation using the daily mean outdoor air temperature had the highest coefficient of determination for hot-humid climate, compared with other mean temperatures that considered acclimatization of previous days. Acceptable comfort ranges showed asymmetry and leaned toward operative temperatures below thermal neutrality for all climates. In the hot-humid climate, a lower comfort limit was not observed for naturally ventilated buitdings, and the adaptive equation was influenced by indoor air speed rather than indoor relative humidity. The new equation developed in this study can be applied to tropical climates and hot humid summer seasons of temperate climates.

关键词： Thermal comfort Adaptive model Hot-humid climate Naturally ventilatedbuildins ASHRAE RP-884database

Eco-morphological characteristics of fern species for slope conservation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第3期16卷 504-515页

作者： Laura SANCHEZ-CASTILLO Ken’ichirou KOSUGI Naoya MASAOKA Tetsuya kubota Faculty of Forestry Sciences Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Forest and Biomaterials Science Division Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Forest Environment Science Division Faculty of AgricultureKyushu University

Degradation of slopes due to shallow landslide and the subsequent erosional processes are a big challenge on the application of soil bioengineering techniques; that is the use of plants as main structural components of a slope protection and conservation system. An optimal application of soil bioengineering techniques should include not only the technical factor of plants as structural components but also the ecology of species and the plant adaptations to disturbances, which is crucial if a longterm successful slope restoration system is intended. Ferns are a dominant understory vegetation species in the forest of Japan, but its characteristics and influences on the recovery of shallow landslide scars have not been fully studied yet. This study aims to find out the ecological characteristics of fern species through the calculation of ecological indicators and the quantification of the morphological features of specimens growing on disturbed and non-disturbed forest slopes in Japan. Gleichenia japonica was found as the vegetation species with biggest ecological indicators on both slopes. The analysis of morphological characteristics of the specimens growing on both sites showed that the development of the specimens is focused in below-ground characteristics. The pull-out force of Gleichenia japonica root system as an indicator of ecological adaptation to a constraint environment and morphological characteristics quality is influenced by height and root length according to the principal component analysis. The eco-morphological characteristics of species can be used as an indicator of an optimal element in soil bioengineering establishment for slope conservation proposes. The long and fibrous root system could be placed on forest roads, steep or small slopes where space limitation is an issue for the establishment of bigger species and if the slope conditions allow it, it can control soil losses due to rainfall and provide stability.

关键词： Slope conservation Soil bioengineering Root system Shallow landslide Natural regeneration

Scenario analysis for reduction of pollutant load discharged from a watershed by recycling of treated water for irrigation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 878-884页

作者： Eisaku Shiratani Yoshiyuki Munakata Ikuo Yoshinaga Tomijiro kubota Koji Hamada Tadayoshi Hitomi National Institute for Rural Engineering Kokusai Kogyo Co.Ltd. National Agricultural Research Centre for Kyushu Okinawa Region

A model in which a river model was layered on a distributed model （double-layered model） was developed to analyse the transport of water and pollutants （nitrogen, phosphorus, and BOD as organic matter） in watersheds and rivers. The model was applied to the watershed of Abragafuchi Lake, Japan, where serious water pollution has occurred over three decades, and the applicability of the model was demonstrated. Scenarios of recycling of sewage treated-water into agriculture to reduce pollutant load discharged into the lake were analysed. The results showed that irrigating paddy fields with the sewage-treated water could contribute to conserving water and reducing pollutant load, with reduction rate in BOD, nitrogen, and phosphorus ranging from 6%-36%, 16%-46%, and 18%-51%, respectively. Particularly, the results indicated that, irrigating paddy fields with the treated water during non-cropping periods and the accompanying reduction in withdrawn water from the river were more effective in reducing pollutant loads discharged into the lake. Further study is required on the effect of recycled water on crop cultivation and soil conditions for safe implementation.

关键词： watershed management paddy field sewage treatment water reuse

Nanometer-size Na cluster formation in micropore of hard carbon as origin of higher-capacity Na-ion battery

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 440-447页

作者： Yong Youn Bo Gao Azusa Kamiyama Kei kubota Shinichi Komaba Yoshitaka Tateyama Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials(GREEN)and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)IbarakiJapan Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of ScienceTokyoJapan Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries(ESICB) Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Development of high-energy-density anode is crucial for practical application of Na-ion battery as a post Li-ion *** carbon(HC),though a promising anode candidate,still has bottlenecks of insufficient capacity and unclear microscopic *** of the micropore has been recently discussed,however,the underlying sodiation mechanism is still *** we examined the origin for the high-capacity sodiation of HC,based on density functional theory *** demonstrated that nanometersize Na cluster with 3–6 layers is energetically stable between two sheets of graphene,a model micropore,in addition to the adsorption and intercalation *** finding well explains the extended capacity over typical 300 mAhg^(−1),up to 478 mAhg^(−1) recently found in the MgO-templated *** also clarified that the MgO-template can produce suitable nanometersize micropores with slightly defective graphitic domains in *** present study considerably promotes the atomistic theory of sodiation mechanism and complicated HC science.

关键词： battery cluster size