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Effect of fiber-reinforcement on the mechanical behavior of sand approaching the critical state

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1241-1252页

作者： Jakhongirbek Ganiev Shotaro yamada Masaki Nakano Takayuki Sakai Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya UniversityNagoya464-8603Japan Department of Civil Engineering Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8579Japan

Several types of ground improvement methods that employ fiber-reinforcement have been developed in recent years.A series of consolidated drained triaxial compression tests has been conducted here to examine the effect of short fibers on the mechanical properties of Toyoura *** with 0%,0.2%,0.4%,and 1%fiber contents,prepared to yield random distribution,was sheared under several confining pressures and controlled via their initial relative *** test results showed that the maximum and residual deviatoric stresses increased,whereas the volumetric expansion decreased with an increase in fiber *** the stress ratio h(=q/p′)and specific volume changed depending on the fiber content and confining pressure with shear progression,they each reached the same values for a definite fiber content at the end of shearing,independent of initial relative *** other words,the unique critical state line can be found for a definite fiber ***,the greater the fiber content,the larger the slope of the critical state line at the end of ***,as the length of fibers shortened with the same percentage of fiber inclusions in sand,the deviatoric stress and the stress ratio decreased,approaching the shear-strain-volumetric response of unreinforced sand.

关键词： Fiber-reinforced sand Triaxial compression Stress ratio Critical state Relative density

Confusion and prospects for carcinogenesis of gastric adenoma and dysplasia: What is the correct answer currently?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第48期28卷 6900-6908页

作者： Shinichi Kinami Sohsuke yamada Hiroyuki Takamura Department of Surgical Oncology Kanazawa Medical Universitykahoku-gun 920-0293IshikawaJapan Department of Clinical Pathology Kanazawa Medical UniversityUchinada 920-0293IshikawaJapan Department of Surgical Oncology Kanazawa Medical UniversityKahokugun 920-0293IshikawaJapan

There are differences in the diagnoses of superficial gastric lesions between Japan and other *** Japan,superficial gastric lesions are classified as adenoma or ***,outside Japan,the same lesion is classified as low-grade dysplasia(LGD),high-grade dysplasia,or invasive *** carcinogenesis occurs mostly de novo,and the adenoma-carcinoma sequence does not appear to be the main pathway of *** gastric tumors can be roughly divided into the APC mutation type and the TP53 mutation type,which are mutually ***-type tumors have low malignancy and develop into LGD,whereas TP53-type tumors have high malignancy and are considered cancerous even if *** lesions diagnosed as category 3 or 4 in the Vienna classification,it is desirable to perform complete en bloc resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection followed by *** there is lymphovascular or submucosal invasion after mucosal resection,additional surgical treatment of gastrectomy with lymph node dissection is *** such cases,functionpreserving curative gastrectomy guided by sentinel lymph node biopsy may be a good alternative.

关键词： Gastric adenoma Low-grade dysplasia High-grade dysplasia Intramucosal carcinoma Submucosal carcinoma Endoscopic submucosal dissection

TEMPO-substituted polyacrylamide for an aqueous electrolyte-typed and organic-based rechargeable device

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第5期55卷 822-829页

作者： CHIKUSHI Natsuru yamada Hiroshi OYAIZU Kenichi NISHIDE Hiroyuki Department of Applied Chemistry Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan

A hydrophilic radical polymer, poly（2,2,6,6-teteramethylpiperidinyloxyl-4-yl acrylamide）（PTAm）, was synthesized via oxidation of the corresponding precursor polymer, poly（2,2,6,6-teteramethylpiperidine-4-yl acrylamide）. Electrochemical properties of the PTAm layer were characterized in three aqueous electrolytes of sodium chloride （NaCl）, sodium tetrafluoroborate （NaBF4）, and sodium hexafluorophosphate （NaPF6） to optimize its activity as an organic cathode. The counter anion species significantly affected the capacity and the cycle performance of the PTAm layer. The PTAm layer in the presence of BF4？ displayed quantitative redox capacity beyond 1 μm layer thickness and maintained the discharging capacity of 110 mAh g-1 （97% vs. the calculated capacity） even after 1000 cycle charging/discharging, which could be ascribed to its appropriate affinity to the aqueous electrolyte without any dissolution into the electrolyte. A totally organic-based rechargeable cell was fabricated using PTAm and poly（N-4,4＇-bipyridinium-N-decamethylene dibromide） as the cathode and the anode, respectively, and the aqueous electrolyte of NaBF4. The cell gave a plateau voltage at 1.2 V both on charging and discharging and an excellent charging/discharging cyclability of ＆gt;2000 with high coulombic efficiency of ＆gt;95%.

关键词： polyacrylamide organic radical molecule redox polymer aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery

Temporal adjustment of short calls according to a partner during vocal turn-taking in Japanese macaques

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 99-105页

作者： Noriko KATSu Kazunori yamada Kazuo Okanoya Masayuki Nakamichi Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo Meguro Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Human Sciences Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan

Turn-taking is a common feature in human speech, and is also seen in the communication of other primate species. However, evidenee of turn-taking in vocal exchanges within a short time frame is still scarce in non human primates. This study in vestigated whether dynamic adjustme nt during turn-taking in short calls exists in Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata. We observed exchanges of short calls such as grunts, girneys, and short, low coos during social interactions in a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques. We found that the median gap between the turns of two callers was 250 ms. Call intervals varied among individuals, suggesting that call intervals were not fixed among individuals. Solo call intervals were shorter than call intervals interrupted by responses from partn ers (i.e., excha nges) and Ion ger than those between the partner's reply and the reply to that call, indicating that the monkeys did not just repeat calls at certain intervals irrespective of the social situation. The differences in call intervals during exchanged and solo call sequences were explained by the response interval of the partner, suggesting an adjustment of call timing according to the tempo of the part ner's call utterance. These findi ngs suggest that mon keys display dyn amic temporal adjustment in a short time window, which is comparable with turn-taking in human speech.

关键词： turn-taking rhythm vocalization primate

Tracking Pedestrians Under Occlusion in Parking Space

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第3期44卷 2109-2127页

作者： Zhengshu Zhou Shunya yamada Yousuke Watanabe Hiroaki Takada Graduate School of Informatics Nagoya UniversityNagoya464-8601Japan Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya UniversityNagoyaAichiJapan

Many traffic accidents occur in parking *** of the serious safety risks is vehicle-pedestrian ***,with the increasing development of automatic driving and parking technology,parking safety has received significant attention from vehicle safety ***,pedestrian protection in parking lots still faces many *** example,the physical structure of a parking lot may be complex,and dead corners would occur when the vehicle density is *** lead to pedestrians’sudden appearance in the vehicle’s path from an unexpected position,resulting in collision accidents in the parking *** advocate that besides vehicular sensing data,high-precision digital map of the parking lot,pedestrians’smart device’s sensing data,and attribute information of pedestrians can be used to detect the position of pedestrians in the parking ***,this subject has not been studied and explored in existing *** this void,this paper proposes a pedestrian tracking framework integrating multiple information sources to provide pedestrian position and status information for vehicles and protect pedestrians in parking *** also evaluate the proposed method through real-world *** experimental results show that the proposed framework has its advantage in pedestrian attribute information extraction and positioning *** can also be used for pedestrian tracking in parking spaces.

关键词： Pedestrian positioning object tracking LiDAR attribute information sensor fusion trajectory prediction Kalmanfilter

How would preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD pathology) occur? An insight from a genomic instability mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2012-2014页

作者： Chinthalapally V.Rao Hiroshi Y.yamada Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development Department of MedicineHematology/Oncology SectionUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center(OUHSC)Oklahoma CityOKUSA

More than 95%of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is late-onset,in which patients show clinical cognition/behavior symptoms after age *** early-onset AD that comes with mutations in genes directly involved in amyloid metabolism(APP,PSEN),genetic predispositions associated with late-onset AD are harder to pinpoint,and their mechanistic links to AD development need further *** the development mechanism of late-onset AD remains controversial,amyloid-beta accumulation,initiated in middle age,is widely accepted as the triggering event for early AD pathology(Du Bois et al.,2010;Sterling et al.,2011).

关键词： clinical Alzheimer metabolism

A wind tunnel study on control methods for cable dry-galloping

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 72-80页

作者： Hung D. VO Hiroshi KATSUCHI Hitoshi yamada Mayuko NISHIO Department of Civil Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

The common vibration of cable caused by rain-wind combination has been known as most typical type and a lot kind of its countermeasures has been proposed for suppressing this phenomenon. Recently, stayed-cables were also proved that they could be excited in dry state （without rain）, which is called dry-galloping. Recently, its mechanisms have been explained by axial flow, Reynolds number and so on. To clarify the characteristics of this galloping, wind tunnel test of a cable model with various kinds of wind angle was conducted. Then, three types of countermeasure were examined to suppress dry- galloping of bridge cable. The tests confirmed that the occurrence of dry-galloping depends on relative wind attacked angles and onset reduced wind speed. Furthermore, single spiral wire, double spiral wire and circular ring were found to have high effectiveness in mitigating this galloping when those are installed properly.

关键词： dry-galloping wind-relative angle single spiral wire double spiral wire circular rings

Application Study on Synthesis Method of Earthquake Motion

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第3期1卷 181-190页

作者： Kahori Iiyama Fumio Sasaki masahiko Nakamura Akira Tanabe Tetsuo Tamaoki Wataru Mizumachi Michio yamada Architectural Department Faculty of Engineering Tokyo University of Science Tokyo 102-0073 Japan General Production Center Tokyo Building Dept. Shimizu Corporation Tokyo 105-8007 Japan Social ＆ Environmental Division Atomic Energy Society of Japan Tokyo 105-0004 Japan Toshiba Nuclear Engineering Services Corporation Yokohama 235-8523 Japan Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization Tokyo 105-0001 Japan Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan

For seismic design of structure and machinery, it is important to reproduce input earthquake motions that are likely to occur at a target site. Among the various methods used for generating artificial earthquake motions, the Synthesis Method of Trigonometric Function is used widely. In this method, artificial waves are reproduced by superimposing sine waves and then adding information about amplitude and phase in the frequency domain. In the Japanese architectural design code, the amplitude is standardized as the target response spectrum, and the phase can be defined by random numbers or by the phase of one observed wave. However, a random phase is distinctly different from the phase of an actual earthquake. Further, the phase of one observed wave is confined to the phase characteristic of the artificial wave of only one specific earthquake motion. In this paper, the authors introduce a new convenient method to reproduce artificial waves that not only satisfy the standardized spectrum property but also have the time-frequency characteristics of multiple observed waves. The authors show the feature of the artificial waves, discuss the merits of the method by comparing with existing methods, and report the tendencies of the non-liuear response by using simple model.

关键词： Artificial earthquake motion wavelet transform time-frequency characteristics non-stationarity.

Comparison of Effect of Brassinosteroid and Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitors on Growth of Rice Seedlings

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Rice science 2016年第1期23卷 51-55页

作者： Tadashi MATUSMOTO Kazuhiro yamada Yuko YOSHIZAWA Keimei OH Department of Biotechnology Akita Prefectural University

Brassinosteroid（BR） and gibberellin（GA） are two predominant plant hormones that regulate plant cell elongation. Mutants disrupt the biosynthesis of these hormones and display different degrees of dwarf phenotypes in rice. Although the role of each plant hormone in promoting the longitudinal growth of plants has been extensively studied using genetic methods, their relationship is still poorly understood. In this study, we used two specific inhibitors targeting BR and GA biosynthesis to investigate the roles of BR and GA in growth of rice seedlings. Yucaizol, a specific inhibitor of BR biosynthesis, and Trinexapac-ethyl, a commercially available inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, were used. The effect of Yucaizol on rice seedlings indicated that Yucaizol significantly retarded stem elongation. The IC_（50） value was found to be approximately 0.8 μmol/L. Yucaizol also induced small leaf angle phenocopy in rice seedlings, similarly to BR-deficient rice, while Trinexapac-ethyl did not. When Yucaizol combined with Trinexapac-ethyl was applied to the rice plants, the mixture of these two inhibitors retarded stem elongation of rice at lower doses. Our results suggest that the use of a BR biosynthesis inhibitor combined with a GA biosynthesis inhibitor may be useful in the development of new technologies for controlling rice plant height.

关键词： brassinosteroid gibberellin plant hormone plant growth regulator rice