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Discrimination of conspecifics from heterospecifics in a hybrid zone: Behavioral and chemical cues in ants

Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 276-288页

作者： Marion Cordonnier Bernard Kaufmann laurent Simon Gilles Escarguel Nathalie Mondy Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEUMR 5023 LEHNAF-69622VilleurbanneFrance

Species and nestmate recognition in social insects occurs mostly through cuticular hydrocarbons acting as chemical cues. These compounds generate a colony-specific odor profile depending on genetic and environmental factors. Species and nestmate recognition results in specific behavioral responses, regulating the level of aggression toward other individuals during an interaction. Although species discrimination and recognition cues have been poorly studied in the context of interspecific hybridization, such systems offer an opportunity to further investigate the influence of heritable and environmental factors on recognition. We explored the strength of discrimination in a hybrid zone between two ant species—Tetramorium immigrans and T. caespitum—by comparing cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and measuring intra- and interspecific worker aggression in both areas of sympatry and areas of allopatry among species. Species cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were well-differentiated and interspecific aggression was high, revealing highly discriminating species recognition cues. Hybrids’ cuticular hydrocarbon profiles consisted of a mixture of the parental bouquets, but also exhibited hybrid-specific patterns. Behavioral assays showed that T. immigrans is as aggressive toward hybrids as toward heterospecifics. Finally, aggression between heterospecific workers was lower when interacting individuals came from areas of sympatry among species than from areas of allopatry. Taken as a whole, these findings paint a particularly complex picture of the recognition system in T. immigrans, T. caespitum, and their hybrids, and highlight that hybrid zones afford a still underexplored opportunity for investigating recognition mechanisms and discrimination between species.

关键词： aggressive behavior ants cuticular hydrocarbons hybrid zone recognition cues Tetramorium

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Bioengineering liver tissue by repopulation of decellularised scaffolds

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 151-179页

作者： Zeeshan Afzal Emmanuel laurent Huguet Department of Surgery Addenbrookes HospitalNIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences CentreCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

Liver transplantation is the only curative therapy for end stage liver disease,but is limited by the organ shortage,and is associated with the adverse consequences of *** of decellularised whole organ scaffolds with appropriate cells of recipient origin offers a theoretically attractive solution,allowing reliable and timely organ sourcing without the need for *** methodologies vary widely but seek to address the conflicting objectives of removing the cellular component of tissues whilst keeping the 3D structure of the extra-cellular matrix intact,as well as retaining the instructive cell fate determining biochemicals contained *** scaffold recellularisation has progressed from small rodent in vitro studies to large animal in vivo perfusion models,using a wide range of cell types including primary cells,cell lines,foetal stem cells,and induced pluripotent stem *** these models,a limited but measurable degree of physiologically significant hepatocyte function has been reported with demonstrable ammonia metabolism in *** repopulation and function have been restricted by challenges relating to the culture and propagations of cholangiocytes,though advances in organoid culture may help address *** vasculature repopulation has enabled sustainable blood perfusion in vivo,but with cell types that would limit clinical applications,and which have not been shown to have the specific functions of liver sinusoidal endothelial *** cell groups such as Kupffer cells and stellate cells have not been *** by repopulation of decellularised scaffolds has significantly progressed,but there remain significant experimental challenges to be addressed before therapeutic applications may be envisaged.

关键词： Regenerative Bioengineering Scaffolds Liver Decellularisation Recellularisation

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Meso-Rex bypass for the management of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in adults(with video)

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第1期21卷 25-32页

作者： Martin Brichard Samuele Iesari Jan Lerut Raymond Reding Pierre Goffette laurent Coubeau Service de Chirurgie et Transplantation Abdominale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-LucUniversitéCatholique de Louvain10 Avenue HippocrateBrussels 1200Belgium Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUniversitéCatholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium Department of Clinical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology University of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly Department of General Surgery and Kidney Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly Service de Radiologie et Imagerie médicale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-LucUniversitéCatholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium

Background:Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction(EHPVO)results in severe portal hypertension(PHT)leading to severely compromised quality of ***,pharmacological and endoscopic management is unable to solve this *** hepatic portal flow using meso-Rex bypass(MRB)may solve *** procedure,uncommon in adult patients,is considered the treatment of choice for EHPVO in ***:From 1997 to 2018,8 male and 6 female adults,with a median age of 51 years(range 22-66)underwent MRB procedure for EHPVO at the University Hospitals Saint-Luc in Brussels,***-toms of PHT were life altering in all but one patient and consisted of repetitive gastro-intestinal bleedings,sepsis due to portal biliopathy,and/or severe abdominal *** surgical technique consisted in interposition of a free venous graft or of a prosthetic graft between the superior mesenteric vein and the Rex recess of the left portal ***:Median operative time was 500 min(range 300-730).Median follow-up duration was 22 months(range 2-169).One patient died due to hemorrhagic shock following percutaneous transluminal interven-tion for early graft *** morbidity,defined as Clavien-Dindo score≥III,was 35.7%(5/14).Shunt patency at last follow-up was 64.3%(9/14):85.7%(6/7)of pure venous grafts and only 42.9%(3/7)of prosthetic *** relief was achieved in 85.7%(12/14)who became asymptomatic after ***:Adult EHPVO represents a difficult clinical condition that leads to severely compromised quality of life and possible life-threatening *** such patients,MRB represents the only and last resort to restore physiological portal vein *** successful in a majority of patients,this procedure is associated with major morbidity and mortality and should be done in tertiary centers expe-rienced with vascular liver surgery to get the best results.

关键词： Meso-Rex bypass Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction Extrahepatic portal hypertension Portal vein thrombosis Surgical procedure

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Detection and Attribution of Changes in Summer Compound Hot and Dry Events over Northeastern China with CMIP6 Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 37-48页

作者： Wei LI Zhihong JIANG laurent ZXLI Jing-Jia LUO Panmao ZHAI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratory of Severe Weather Fujian Institute of Meteorological SciencesFuzhou 350001China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75252France State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Northeastern China has experienced a significant increase in summer compound hot and dry events(CHDEs),posing a threat to local agricultural production and sustainable *** study investigates the detectable anthropogenic signal in the long-term trend of CHDE and quantifies the contribution of different external forcings.A probability-based index(PI)is constructed through the joint probability distribution to measure the severity of CHDE,with lower values representing more severe *** of CHDE to external forcing was assessed with simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6).The results show a significant increase in the severity of CHDE over northeastern China during the past *** trend of regional averaged PI is-0.28(90%confidence interval:-0.43 to-0.13)per 54 yr and it is well reproduced in the historical forcing *** attribution method of optimal fingerprinting was firstly applied to a two-signal configuration with anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing;the anthropogenic impact was robustly detected and it explains most of the observed trend of ***,three-signal analysis further demonstrated that the anthropogenic greenhouse gases dominantly contribute to the observed change,while the anthropogenic aerosol and natural forcing have almost no contribution to the observed *** a compound event concurrently exceeding the 95 th percentile of surface air temperature and precipitation reversal in the current period,its likelihood exhibits little change at 1.5℃global warming,but almost doubled at 2.0℃global warming.

关键词： compound hot and dry event(CHDE) detection and attribution northeastern China future projection

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勒庞欧洲议会选举获胜后法国精英却陷入静默

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第10期 8-8页

作者： Lionel laurent 许诺(译) 不详

法国商界现在是时候对以勒庞为首的极右翼在欧洲议会选举中获胜的后果发声了。在法国总统马克龙宣布提前举行国民议会选举后,其所在政党以及他的盟友对他的精神状态作出了猛烈秤击——因为他的死对头、属于极右翼的玛丽娜·勒庞据预计... 详细信息

法国商界现在是时候对以勒庞为首的极右翼在欧洲议会选举中获胜的后果发声了。在法国总统马克龙宣布提前举行国民议会选举后,其所在政党以及他的盟友对他的精神状态作出了猛烈秤击——因为他的死对头、属于极右翼的玛丽娜·勒庞据预计将在这场选举中获胜。但他的疯狂举动是有原因的。

关键词：欧洲议会选举国民议会极右翼勒庞马克龙获胜精神状态

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Words as tracers in the history of science and technology:the case of photogrammetry and remote sensing

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 167-177,I0018页

作者： laurent Polidori CESBIO Universitéde ToulouseCNES/CNRS/INRAE/IRD/UPSToulouseFrance

The evolution of terminology in a given field of science and technology is a good indicator of the context in which inventions originated and how concepts have *** is the case of photogrammetry,remote sensing and related methods,whose terminology evolved,first under the influence of the early inventors Laussedat and Meydenbauer,in French and German,respectively,and then in English and other languages as an international professional community *** development of space remote sensing and analytical photogrammetry led to the modification of old concepts and the renewal of terminology,and more recently,the advent of digital photography has blurred the boundaries between different fields and the meaning of the *** article proposes an analysis of the evolution of technical terms through the Google Ngram Viewer tool,which allows the visualization of the occurrence of terms in documents accessible on the *** its biases,this tool allows an interpretation of the evolution of the terminology over a long period of time,as well as a comparison of the evolution observed in the different *** particular,it makes it possible to highlight the periods when these methods were very popular,as well as a recent decline in the use of classical terms such as photogrammetry and remote sensing in favor of a new vocabulary,due to the blurring of boundaries between disciplines and to the emergence of new solutions related to UAVs,computer vision,etc.,which have renewed the potential of classical methods.

关键词： Photogrammetry remote sensing terminology Ngram Viewer

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太平洋十年涛动对全球地表气温变化的影响足迹

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 445-448页

作者：梁莉莉 Alan D.Ziegler 陈德亮 Philippe Ciais 李肇新梁时婧王大山徐荣嵘曾振中 School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources Mae Jo UniversityChiang Mai 50000Thailand Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement UniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre national de la recherche scientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéÉcole Normale SupérieureÉcole PolytechniqueParis 75000France Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Sea surface temperature modes have been found to modulate anthropogenic global warming rates on annual and decadal timescales,sometimes leading to periods of“slowdown”despite increasing greenhouse gas emissions^([1]).

关键词：太平洋十年涛动地表气温 greenhouse

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Intercomparison of multi-model ensemble-processing strategies within a consistent framework for climate projection in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第9期66卷 2125-2141页

作者： Huanhuan ZHU Zhihong JIANG laurent LI Wei LI Sheng JIANG Panyu ZHOU Weihao ZHAO Tong LI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75005France School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Climate change adaptation and relevant policy-making need reliable projections of future *** based on multi-model ensemble are generally considered as the most efficient way to achieve the ***,their efficiency varies and inter-comparison is a challenging task,as they use a variety of target variables,geographic regions,time periods,or model ***,we construct and use a consistent framework to evaluate the performance of five ensemble-processing methods,i.e.,multimodel ensemble mean(MME),rank-based weighting(RANK),reliability ensemble averaging(REA),climate model weighting by independence and performance(ClimWIP),and Bayesian model averaging(BMA).We investigate the annual mean temperature(Tav)and total precipitation(Prcptot)changes(relative to 1995–2014)over China and its seven subregions at 1.5 and 2℃warming levels(relative to pre-industrial).All ensemble-processing methods perform better than MME,and achieve generally consistent results in terms of median *** they show different results in terms of inter-model spread,served as a measure of uncertainty,and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).ClimWIP is the most optimal method with its good performance in simulating current climate and in providing credible future *** uncertainty,measured by the range of 10th–90th percentiles,is reduced by about 30%for Tav,and 15%for Prcptot in China,with a certain variation among *** on ClimWIP,and averaged over whole China under 1.5/2℃global warming levels,Tav increases by about 1.1/1.8℃(relative to 1995–2014),while Prcptot increases by about 5.4%/11.2%,*** of projections is found dependent on investigated regions and *** projection for Tav is credible across all regions,as its SNR is generally larger than 2,while the SNR is lower than 1 for Prcptot over most regions under 1.5℃*** largest warming is found in northeastern China,with increase of 1.3(0.6–1.7)/2.0(1.4–2.6)℃(ensemble’s median and range

关键词： Multi-model ensemble simulation Ensemble-processing strategy Global warming targets Climate projection uncertainty assessment Regional climate change in China

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Comment on “Locating the source field lines of Jovian decametric radio emissions” by YuMing Wang et al.

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 10-12页

作者： laurent Lamy Baptiste Cecconi Stéphane Aicardi C.K.Louis LESIA Observatoire de ParisUniversitéPSLCNRSSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Paris5 place Jules Janssen92195 MeudonFrance Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay Observatoire de ParisUniversitéPSLCNRSUniv.Orléans18330 NançayFrance LAM PythéasAix Marseille UniversitéCNRSCNES38 Rue Frédéric Joliot Curie13013 MarseilleFrance DIO UMS2201 CNRSObservatoire de ParisUniversitéPSL61 avenue de l’Observatoire75014ParisFrance School of Cosmic Physics DIAS Dunsink ObservatoryDublin Institute for Advanced StudiesDublinIreland

In this comment on the article“Locating the source field lines of Jovian decametric radio emissions”by Wang YM et al.,2020,we discuss the assumptions used by the authors to compute the beaming angle of Jupiter’s decametric emissions induced by the moon *** method,relying on multi-point radio observations,was applied to a single event observed on 14th March 2014 by Wind and both STEREO A/B spacecraft from~5 to~16 *** have erroneously identified the emission as a northern(Io-B type)instead of a southern one(Io-D type).We encourage the authors to update their results with the correct hemisphere of origin and to test their method on a larger sample of Jupiter-Io emissions.

关键词： planetary magnetosphere Jupiter auroral radio emissions planet-moon interaction

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观玻璃

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建筑师 2024年第4期 31-43页

作者： [瑞士]洛朗·斯塔尔德王雨林(译) 卢永毅(校) 苏黎世联邦理工学院建筑历史与理论研究所同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

本文结合艺术、建筑理论、技术和科学话语,探讨玻璃的物质性,以阐明20世纪欧洲现代建筑的实践转变。有别于柯林·罗和斯拉茨基在玻璃和透明性之间建立的隐喻联系,亦不同于詹克斯将玻璃和不透明相关联的后现代解答,本文提出建筑不应被削... 详细信息

本文结合艺术、建筑理论、技术和科学话语,探讨玻璃的物质性,以阐明20世纪欧洲现代建筑的实践转变。有别于柯林·罗和斯拉茨基在玻璃和透明性之间建立的隐喻联系,亦不同于詹克斯将玻璃和不透明相关联的后现代解答,本文提出建筑不应被削减为感知。作者首先回溯19世纪欧洲建筑学“透明”一词的起源和发展,继而展现20世纪早期现代建筑中玻璃多种多样的非透明再现形式,呈现这些探索对现代主义运动的贡献和挑战。科恩、舒尔茨、麦格拉思等建筑师的玻璃研究多关注材料“性能”,可见在1930年代就已逐渐形成了认识材料的科学属性及其建筑潜力的意识。莫霍利-纳吉等人的建筑理论和科学研究关注透明材料的物质性和科学性,现代建筑的诠释逐渐从构件转向性能乃至“物理功能”,促使玻璃从光的媒介转变为凝视的媒介,进而转变为精密环境设计的媒介。本文最后介绍物理学家贝尔纳基于对科学技术的激进未来畅想,以此探讨人、建筑和环境的关系。

关键词：玻璃透明性战后现代主义欧洲现代主义现代性事物

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