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Continuity of care by a primary midwife(caseload midwifery):a cost analysis using results from the COSMOS randomised controlled trial

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 94-101页

作者： Emily J Callander Hannah Jackson Helen L McLachlan mary-ann davey Della A Forster University of Technology Sydney SydneyNew South WalesAustralia The Royal Women's Hospital MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Faculty of Health University of Technology SydneyBroadwayNew South WalesAustralia Judith Lumley Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia School of Nursing and Midwifery a Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia

Introduction Caseload midwifery(continuity of midwifery carer)offers benefits including lower caesarean section rates,lower risks of preterm birth and stilbirth,and improved maternal satisfaction of *** these advantages,concerns about additional costs hinder widespread *** study examinesthecost of caseload midwifery compared with standard maternity care from the perspective of both public hospitals and public *** A cost analysis was conducted using data from a randomised controlled trial of 2314 low-risk pregnant women in Melbourne,*** randomised to caseload care received antenatal,intrapartum and postpartum care from a primary midwife,with some care provided by a‘back-up'*** in standard care received midwifery-led care with varying levels of continuity,junior obstetric care or community-based medical *** cost analysis compared differences in mean costs of health resources to public hospitals and to public ***,a budget impact analysis estimated total costs to the health system between 2023 and *** For public hospitals,there was no significant difference in overall costs between women receiving caseload midwifery(n=1146)versus standard care(n=1151)($SA12363(SD:$A4967)vs$A12323(SD:$A7404);p=0.85).Conversely,public funders incurred lower expenditures for women receiving caseload midwifery($A20330(SD:$A8312))versus standard care($A21637(SD:$A11818);p<0.001).The budget impact analysis estimated savings of sA625million to the health system over the next 5 years with expanded access to caseloadmidwifery *** Caseloadmidwifery in low-risk women is cost-neutral to public hospitals and cost-saving to public *** abstract Continuity of midwifery for low-risk women reduces costs to public funders,with no additional costs to hospitals.

关键词： random continuity Continuity

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Management of early oesophageal cancer:An overview

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1255-1258页

作者： Gavin G Calpin Matthew G davey Noel E Donlon Department of Surgery Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D2Ireland Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Beaumont HospitalDublin D09V2N0Ireland

The incidence of esophageal cancer,namely the adenocarcinoma subtype,continues to increase exponentially on an annual *** indolent nature of the disease renders a significant proportion inoperable at first presentation,however,with the increased utilisation of endoscopy,many early lesions are now being identified which are suitable for endotherapeutic *** article details the options available for dealing with early esophageal cancer by endoscopic mean obviating the need for surgery thereby avoiding the potential morbidity and mortality of such intervention.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Endotherapy Endoscopic submucosal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopy

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Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun S.Venkatesh Suzanne Golub Kathryn S.Stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena Desai David J.Handelsman Jeffrey D.Zajac Mathis Grossmann Rachel A.davey Department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with GnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

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Human androgen deficiency： insights gained from androgen receptor knockout mouse models

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 169-177,I0006页

作者： Kesha Rana Rachel A davey Jeffrey D Zajac Department of Medicine Austin Health University of Melbourne Heidelberg Victoria Australia.

The mechanism of androgen action is complex. Recently, significant advances have been made into our understanding of how androgens act via the androgen receptor （AR） through the use of genetically modified mouse models. A number of global and tissue-specific AR knockout （ARKO） models have been generated using the Cre-loxP system which allows tissue- and/or cell-specific deletion. These ARKO models have examined a number of sites of androgen action including the cardiovascular system, the immune and hemopoetic system, bone, muscle, adipose tissue, the prostate and the brain. This review focuses on the insights that have been gained into human androgen deficiency through the use of ARKO mouse models at each of these sites of action, and highlights the strengths and limitations of these Cre-loxP mouse models that should be considered to ensure accurate interpretation of the phenotype.

关键词： androgen receptor androgen receptor knockout mouse model androgen deficiency

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Understanding voltage hysteresis and decay during anionic redox reaction in layered transition metal oxide cathodes:A critical review

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Nano Research 2023年第3期16卷 3766-3780页

作者： Wei Zheng Gemeng Liang Shilin Zhang Kenneth davey Zaiping Guo School of Chemical Engineering&Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

The emergence of anionic redox reactions in layered transition metal oxide cathodes provides practical opportunity to boost the energy density of rechargeable ***,the activation of anionic redox reaction in layered oxides has significant voltage hysteresis and decay that reduce battery performance and limit ***,we critically review the up-todate development of anionic redox reaction in layered oxide cathodes,summarize the proposed reaction mechanism,and unveil their connection to voltage hysteresis and decay based on the state-of-the-art *** addition,advances associated with various modification approaches to mitigate the voltage hysteresis/decay in layered transition metal oxide cathodes are also ***,we conclude with an appraisal of further research directions including rational design of high-performance layered oxide cathodes with reversible anionic redox reactions and suppressed voltage hysteresis/*** will be of immediate benefit to the development of layered oxide cathodes for high performance rechargeable batteries.

关键词： anionic redox reaction voltage hysteresis voltage decay layered transition metal oxides Li-ion battery Na-ion battery

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A critical review of ferritin as a drug nanocarrier:Structure,properties,comparative advantages and challenges

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Particuology 2022年第5期20卷 65-84页

作者： Shuang Yin Kenneth davey Sheng Dai Yongdong Liu Jingxiu Bi School of Chemical Engineering&Advanced Materials Faculty of EngineeringComputer and Mathematical Sciences.University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Chemical Engineering Brunei University LondonUxbridge UB83PHUnited Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Biochemistry Engineering.Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences.BeijingChina

Ferritin stores and releases iron ions in *** is globally important as a drug *** is because of its unique hollow-spherical structure,desirable stability and biological *** drug-loading approaches plus various functionalization approaches have been developed to improve ferritin in response to differing demands in disease ***,we critically review ferritin drug delivery and evaluate its diverse drug-loading and functionalization approaches,we:(1)Introduce basic structural and property information related to ferritin as a drug nanocarrier;(2)Contrast in detail the different means to load drugs and the selection of drug loading means;(3)Discuss multiple ferritin functionalization approaches,together with related advantages and potential risks;and,(4)Compare ferritin with alternative,commonly-used drug *** conclude that despite that no drugs based on ferritin are commercially available,the market potential for it is significant,and evaluate future research *** from this work will be of immediate benefit and interest to a wide range of researchers and manufacturers for drug delivery using ferritin.

关键词： Ferritin Drug delivery Drug nanocarrier Protein functionalization

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PEG Delivery of a Wheat Storage Protein Gene into Rice Protoplasts

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High Technology Letters 1995年第1期1卷 18-21页

作者： Daochang, A. davey, M.R. Cocking, E.C. China Natl Cent for Biotechnology Development Beijing China

An efficient cell suspension culture system has been initiated using callus obtained from mature seeds of the Chinese Japonica variety Eryi 105 as a source. Over the last 12 months, using the ″Nottingham Method″, protoplasts have been produced from these cell suspensions, and via the PEG method of transformation. 45 regenerated plants were obtained from DNA-treated protoplasts selected by 80μg/ml G418. The research of molecular analysis on those plantlets is being carried on by Plant Genetic Manipulation Group, Department of Life Science, University of Nottingham, U.K.

关键词： PEG Delivery Gene Rice protoplast

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Response of nitrogen fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soil to organic mulching in an urban forest plantation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2577-2588页

作者： Xiaodan Sun Gang Wang Yuqian Ye Qingxu Ma Qingwei Guan davey L.Jones College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing 210037People’s Republic of China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWGwyneddUK

Nitrogen is an essential component in forest ecosystem nutrient *** fractions,such as dissolved nitrogen,ammonium,nitrate,and microbial biomass nitrogen,are sensitive indicators of soil nitrogen pools which affect soil fertility and nutrient ***,the responses of nitrogen fractions in forest soils to organic mulching are less well *** rhizosphere is an important micro-region that must be considered to better understand element cycling between plants and the soil.A field investigation was carried out on the effect of mulching soil in a 15-year-old Ligustrum lucidum urban *** in total nitrogen and nitrogen fractions in rhizosphere and bulk soil in the topsoil(upper 20 cm)and in the subsoil(20-40 cm)were evaluated following different levels of mulching,in addition to nitrogen contents in fine roots,leaves,and organic *** relationships between nitrogen fractions and other measured variables were *** mulching had no significant effect on most nitrogen fractions except for the rhizosphere microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the thinnest(5 cm)mulching layer showed greater effects than other *** MBN was more sensitive to mulching compared to bulk soil,and was more affected by soil environmental *** and soil depth had more pronounced effects on nitrogen fractions than *** nitrogen and dissolved nitrogen were correlated to soil phosphorus,whereas other nitrogen fractions were strongly affected by soil physical properties(temperature,water content,bulk density).Mulching also decreased leaf nitrogen content,which was more related to soil nitrogen fractions(except for MBN)than nitrogen contents in either fine roots or organic *** applications of small quantities of organic mulch contribute to nitrogen transformation and utilization in urban forests.

关键词： Rhizosphere Nitrogen fraction Organic mulching Soil–plant interaction Urban plantation forest

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Addressing cation mixing in layered structured cathodes for lithium-ion batteries:A critical review

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Nano Materials Science 2023年第4期5卷 404-420页

作者： Jingxi Li Gemeng Liang Wei Zheng Shilin Zhang Kenneth davey Wei Kong Pang Zaiping Guo School of Chemical Engineering&Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Institute for Superconducting&Electronic Materials University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia

High-performance lithium-ion batteries(LIB)are important in powering emerging *** are regarded as the bottleneck of increasing battery energy density,among which layered oxides are the most promising candidates for ***,a limitation with layered oxides cathodes is the transition metal and Li site mixing,which significantly impacts battery capacity and cycling *** recent research on Li/Ni mixing,there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the origin of cation mixing between the transition metal and Li;therefore,practical means to address ***,a critical review of cation mixing in layered cathodes has been provided,emphasising the understanding of cation mixing mechanisms and their impact on cathode material *** list and compare advanced characterisation techniques to detect cation mixing in the material structure;examine methods to regulate the degree of cation mixing in layered oxides to boost battery capacity and cycling performance,and critically assess how these can be applied *** appraisal of future research directions,including superexchange interaction to stabilise structures and boost capacity retention has also been *** will be of immediate benefit in the design of layered cathodes for high-performance rechargeable LIB and,therefore,of interest to researchers and manufacturers.

关键词： Cation mixing Layered oxide cathodes Lithium-ion batteries Electrochemical performance

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Organic mulching promotes soil organic carbon accumulation to deep soil layer in an urban plantation forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 11-21页

作者： Xiaodan Sun Gang Wang Qingxu Ma Jiahui Liao Dong Wang Qingwei Guan davey L.Jones College of Biology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing 210037China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwynedd LL572UWUK College of Environmental Science and Engineering China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637000China UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Soil organic carbon(SOC)is important for soil quality and fertility in forest *** SOC fractions are sensitive to environmental changes,which reflect the impact of short-term internal and external management measures on the soil carbon *** mulching(OM)alters the soil environment and promotes plant ***,little is known about the responses of SOC fractions in rhizosphere or bulk soil to OM in urban forests and its correlation with carbon composition in ***:A one-year field experiment with four treatments(OM at 0,5,10,and 20 cm thicknesses)was conducted in a 15-year-old Ligustrum lucidum *** in the SOC fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soil;the carbon content in the plant fine roots,leaves,and organic mulch;and several soil physicochemical properties were *** relationships between SOC fractions and the measured variables were ***:The OM treatments had no significant effect on the SOC fractions,except for the dissolved organic carbon(DOC).OM promoted the movement of SOC to deeper soil because of the increased carbon content in fine roots of *** were significant correlations between DOC and microbial biomass carbon and SOC and easily oxidised organic *** OM had a greater effect on organic carbon fractions in the bulk soil than in the *** thinnest(5 cm)mulching layers showed the most rapid carbon decomposition over *** time after OM had the greatest effect on the SOC fractions,followed by soil ***:The frequent addition of small amounts of organic mulch increased SOC accumulation in the present *** is a potential management model to enhance soil organic matter storage for maintaining urban forest productivity.

关键词： Soil organic carbon Labile organic carbon fractions Rhizosphere Urban plantation forest Organic mulching

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