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Murine study of portal hypertension associated endothelin-1 hypo-response

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第16期21卷 4817-4828页

作者： Nicholas Theodorakis mary maluccio Nicholas Skill Department of Surgery Division of Transplant SurgeryIndiana School of MedicineIndiana University

AIM:To investigate endothelin-1 hypo-responsive associated with portal hypertension in order to improve patient treatment ***:Wild type,e NOS-/-and i NOS-/-mice receivedpartial portal vein ligation surgery to induce portal hypertension or sham *** of portal hypertension was determined by measuring the splenic pulp pressure,abdominal aortic flow and portal systemic *** measure splenic pulp pressure,a microtip pressure transducer was inserted into the spleen *** aortic flow was measured by placing an ultrasonic Doppler flow probe around the abdominal aorta between the diaphragm and celiac *** systemic shunting was calculated by injection of fluorescent microspheres in to the splenic vein and determining the percentage accumulation of spheres in liver and pulmonary ***-1 hypo-response was evaluated by measuring the change in abdominal aortic flow in response to endothelin-1 intravenous *** addition,thoracic aorta endothelin-1contraction was measured in 5 mm isolated thoracic aorta rings ex-vivo using an ADI small vessel ***:In wild type and i NOS-/-mice splenic pulp pressure increased from 7.5±1.1 mm Hg and 7.2±1 mm Hg to 25.4±3.1 mm Hg and 22±4 mm Hg *** e NOS-/-mice splenic pulp pressure was increased after 1 d(P=NS),after which it decreased and by 7 d was not significantly elevated when compared to 7 d sham operated controls(6.9±0.6 mm Hg and 7.3±0.8 mm Hg respectively,P=0.3).Abdominal aortic flow was increased by 80%and 73%in 7 d portal vein ligated wild type and i NOS when compared to shams,whereas there was no significant difference in 7 d portal vein ligated e NOS-/-mice when compared to ***-1 induced a rapid reduction in abdominal aortic blood flow in wild type,e NOS-/-and i NOS-/-sham mice(50%±8%,73%±9%and 47%±9%respectively).Following portal vein ligation endothelin-1 reduction in blood flow was significantly diminished in each mouse group

关键词： Liver disease Portal hypertension Hyperdynamiccirculation Endothelin-1 Nitric oxide synthaseisoforms

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Thalidomide ameliorates portal hypertension via nitric oxide synthase independent reduced systolic blood pressure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第14期21卷 4126-4135页

作者： Nicholas G Theodorakis Yining N Wang Vyacheslav A Korshunov mary A maluccio Nicholas J Skill Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineIndiana University School of Medicine University of Rochester

AIM: Portal hypertension is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and significantly increases mortality and *** reports have suggested that the compound thalidomide attenuates portal hypertension(PHT).However, the mechanism for this action is not fully *** hypothesis is that thalidomide destabilizes tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα) mR NA and therefore diminishes TNFα induction of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and the production of nitric oxide(NO).To examine this hypothesis, we utilized the murine partial portal vein ligation(PVL) PHT model in combination with endothelial or inducible NOS isoform gene knockout ***: Wild type, inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)-/- and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS)-/-mice received either PVL or sham surgery and were given either thalidomide or *** nitrate(total nitrate, NOx) was measured daily for 7 d as a surrogate of NO *** TNFα level was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***α m RNA was quantified in liver and aorta tissue by reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** was determined by recording splenic pulp pressure(SPP) and abdominal aortic flow after 0-7 *** to thalidomide was determined by measurement of SPP and mean arterial pressure(MAP).RESULTS: SPP, abdominal aortic flow(Qao) and plasma NOx were increased in wild type and i NOS-/-PVL mice when compared to sham operated control *** contrast, SPP, Qao and plasma NOx were not increased in e NOS-/- PVL mice when compared to sham *** TNFα level in both sham and PVL mice was below the detection limit of the commercial ELISA ***, the effect of thalidomide on serum TNFα levels was undetermined in wild type, e NOS-/-or i NOS-/- *** acutely increased plasma NOx in wild type and e NOS-/- mice but not i NOS-/-***, thalidomide temporarily(0-90 min) decreased mean arterial pressure, SPP and Qao in wild type, e NOS-/- and i NOS-/- PVL mice, aft

关键词： Portal hypertension Thalidomide Nitric oxide Knock

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Turning teawaste particles into magnetic bio-sorbents particles for arsenic removal from wastewater:Isotherm and kinetic studies

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 179-193页

作者： mary McGeogh Hamza Annath Chirangano Mangwandi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastDavid Kier BuildingBT95AGUnited Kingdorm Department of Chermnistry Lancaster UniversityBailrigsLancasterLA14YBUnited Kingdom

The primary objective of this research was to assess the potential of magnetic bleached biochar(MBBC)as a cost-effective adsorbent for arsenic *** achieve this,locally collected tea wastes underwent meticulous cleaning,bleaching,and modifications via thermal and chemical *** non-magnetic and magnetic biochar adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA).Subsequently,the adsorptive performance of MBBC in removing arsenic from wastewater samples was investigated,considering various crucial parameters such as adsorbent-adsorbate contact time,concentration of As,temperature,adsorbent dosage,and the regeneration-ability of the *** experimental data for the adsorption process were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm,indicating its suitability for the MBBC ***,the MBBC demonstrated a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g at room temperature,highlighting its efficiency as an arsenic ***,the Lagergren's Pseudo-second order kinetic model proved to be the most suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics,confirming the chemisorption nature of the *** results also indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and feasible,suggesting its viability for practical *** all findings into account,the comprehensive analysis strongly supports the potential use of MBBC as a highly promising and cost-effective adsorbent for efficiently removing arsenic from aqueous *** research contributes valuable insights to the field of wastewater treatment and offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for tackling arsenic contamination in water sources.

关键词： Arsenics Wastewater Adsorption Magnetic bio-char Teawaste

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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： mary C.Mullins Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGCs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 256-268页

作者： mary C.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole Olufemi Olorode John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkUSA Department of Petroleum Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations,with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (CCS),can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net‐zero carbon emission *** resources in low‐permeability and medium‐and high‐temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS).However,fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential CO_(2) storage in a CO_(2)‐EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid *** thermo‐mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical CO_(2)(in CO_(2)‐EGS),which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological ***,there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and CO_(2)‐*** study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without CO_(2) storage in CO_(2) ‐***,we proposed waterless‐stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in ***,based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas,we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo‐mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.

关键词： CO_(2)-EGS enhanced geothermal systems geomechanics geothermal energy underground thermal energy

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Directives and references in selected coronavirus-motivated internet memes

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第2期10卷 245-266页

作者： Ayo Osisanwo Toluwalope mary Falade Department of English University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute of English Studies Leuphana UniversitätLüneburgGermany Department of English and General Studies Ladoke Akintola UniversityOgbomosoNigeria

The use of directives in communicating the nature of the pandemic and reference to social experiences were promoted using images on social media *** images or memes are used to create awareness and reinforce the criteria for safety during the *** studies on internet memes have concentrated on humor generation,speaker-hearer shared knowledge,neologism,and multimodality among others,with insufficient attention paid to the use of directives and references in such coronavirus-motivated *** paper,therefore,examines how directives and references are employed in conveying expected social responsibilities through coronavirus-motivated internet memes in Nigeria and other socio-cultural *** data,one hundred coronavirus-motivated memes were purposively selected from Facebook,and eight representative memes were subjected to pragmatic analysis using aspects of Jacob Mey’s(***:An introduction,2nd ***:Blackwell Publishing)pragmatic acts theory to unearth insights from *** paper observes that the various spheres of life that are relatable to an online audience help to express what the pandemic is about and enhance the meaning of the pandemic with the context of the use of the memes,giving clearer perspectives on the *** and references are useful tools for conveying social responsibilities to online audience.

关键词： directives references coronavirus internet memes social responsibilities

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DeepRice: A deep learning and deep feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtypes

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： Ritharson, P. Isaac Raimond, Kumudha mary, X. Anitha Robert, Jennifer Eunice Andrew, J. Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Dept CSE Coimbatore Tamilnadu India Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Dept Robot Engn Coimbatore India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Mechatron Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India

Rice stands as a crucial staple food globally, with its enduring sustainability hinging on the prompt detection of rice leaf diseases. Hence, efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds paramount importance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical testing. In the recent past, the identification of leaf pathologies in crops predominantly relies on manual methods using specialized equipment, which proves to be time-consuming and inefficient. This study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep Learning (DL) and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases. A comprehensive dataset comprising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets, categorized into 9 classes irrespective of the extent of disease spread across the leaves. These classes encompass diverse states including healthy leaves, mild and severe blight, mild and severe tungro, mild and severe blast, as well as mild and severe brown spot. Following meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation, which was validated by horticulture experts, data augmentation strategies were implemented to amplify the number of images. The datasets were subjected to evaluation using the proposed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks models. Their performance are scrutinized in conjunction with alternative transfer learning approaches like VGG16, Xception, ResNet50, DenseNet121, Inception ResnetV2, and Inception V3. The effectiveness of the proposed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its capacity to generalize to unseen images, yielding an exceptional accuracy of 99.94%, surpassing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art models. Further, the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interpretable AI. (c) 2023 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativeco

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep learning CNN Crop yield Agriculture Food security IDENTIFICATION

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Internet Gaming Disorder and Mental Health of Children in China:A Latent Profile Analysis

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第7期26卷 517-529页

作者： Md Zahir Ahmed Oli Ahmed Lingfeng Gao mary C.Jobe Weijian Li School of Psychology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Psychology University of ChittagongChattogram4331Bangladesh Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences The George Washington UniversityWashington DC20052USA

In recent years,speculation of an increase in Internet Gaming Disorder(IGD)has surfaced with the growing popularity of internet gaming among Chinese children and *** detrimental impact of IGD on mental health cannot be denied,even though only a small portion of the screen-dependent population exhibits psychopathological and behavioral *** present study aimed to explore a latent proﬁle analysis(LPA)of Internet Gaming Disorder on the mental health of Chinese school *** data were collected from a sample of 1005 Chinese school students(49.8%male;age M=13.32,SD=1.34 years)using a paper-pencil survey through convenience *** explored three latent proﬁles of internet gamers:regular gamers(62.4%),moderate gamers(28.1%),and probable disordered gamers(9.4%).Results showed that the probable disordered gamers had signiﬁcantly higher levels of depression,anxiety,emotional and conduct problems,hyperactivity,and peer problem symptoms as well as lower life satisfaction,and pro-social symptoms compared to regular and moderate gamers(p<0.05).This study would be helpful to mental health professionals in designing interventions for gamers who present IGD *** longitudinal studies should also be undertaken to assess whether mental health worsens for probable disordered gamers.

关键词： Internet gaming disorder latent proﬁle analysis mental health children and adolescents China

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Community Caregivers’ Experiences and Programmatic Strategies to Improve Active Case Finding in Community Tuberculosis Care in Botswana 2016-2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 105-118页

作者： Unami Modongo-Mathebula mary Moleki Tefera Agizew Faculty of Health Sciences University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

Background: The community tuberculosis care program was started to reduce the impact of TB and increase successful treatment outcomes, thus contributing to meeting WHO targets on TB. According to the Botswana Ministry of Health, community tuberculosis care was introduced with the main goal of reducing tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality among communities through the expansion of direct observed therapy and community involvement to community settings. The community caregivers were to support tuberculosis patients throughout their treatment period until they were cured or had completed their treatment. Settings: Two major cities of Botswana, Francistown and Gaborone, with more than twenty-two health clinics offering tuberculosis care. Objective: To investigate community caregivers’ experiences and identify programmatic strategies to improve active TB case findings under the community TB care (CTBC) program in Botswana during 2016-2021. Methods: We adopted a descriptive qualitative research design, followed by convenience purposive sampling. We obtained consent and interviewed 40 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 16 out of 73 in Gaborone and 24 out of 38 from Francistown. Results: We interviewed 40 caregivers with a mean age of 43.4 years. Accepting the caregiving role was identified as the main experience by more than two thirds of the caregivers. While at least more than two-fifth felt obligated to care for the patient at home due to personal relations. More than half of the respondents found caregiving difficult or frustrating due to some challenges encountered during the caregiving role. Behavioral modifications were suggested under different subthemes as strategies to improve active case finding. [-rId13-]Conclusion: Acceptance was the major experience in CTBC. Intensification of known programmatic strategies was suggested by caregivers to improve tuberculosis active case finding in CTBC.

关键词： Community Experiences Caregivers Active Case Finding Tuberculosis Community Tuberculosis Care

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The Impact of the Inclusion of MgO Nano-Fillers in a Polyethylene Matrix on Dielectric Strength and Resistance to Partial Discharges

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 626-634页

作者： Virginie Griseri Dominique mary David Malec Eric David Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d’énergie Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS INPT Route de Narbonne Toulouse France É cole de Technologie Supérieure de Montréal Rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montréal Canada

One commonly used strategy to enhance polymers specific properties such as the resistance to partial discharges erosion is the incorporation into the polymeric matrix of inorganic micro or nanoparticles. This study focused on the dielectric properties of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) filled with nano-sized Magnesium Oxide (MgO) particles compounded by thermo-mechanical process and one of the purposes was to establish appropriate processing parameters in order to reach the desired dielectric properties. LDPE was used as a matrix and was reinforced by MgO particles having a nominal average size of 30 nm. The MgO nanoparticles were treated with a silane coupling agent (3-Glycidyloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane). The samples were initially prepared in a melt-mixing chamber with a MgO content of 1% wt. These pre-mixed samples were further treated by the means of thermo-mechanical mixing in a conical co-rotating twin-screw extruder in order to improve the dispersion and distribution of the MgO particles. In this report, both lifetime under a PD activity and AC dielectric strength of pure and nano-filled LDPE samples have been measured and compared. Nano-filled LDPE samples were found to exhibit an improve lifetime, without any detrimental impact on their short-term dielectric strength. This suggests that nano-filled LDPE may be for electric applications for which the dielectric materials may be exposed to partial discharge activities. This is significant result for the use of MgO-reinforced PE as an insulating material for HV cables since the resistance to PD is closely related to treeing resistance which is the main electrical degradation mechanism that leads to failure for shielded extruded power cables.

关键词： Low Density Polyethylene MgO Nanofillers Dielectric Strength Partial Discharges Resistance

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