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Cognitive changes associated with ADT： a review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 232-238页

作者： Rhoda J Jamadar mary J Winters Pauline m maki Center for Cognitive medicine Department of Psychiatry university of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA Department of Psychology University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA

The use of androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） has increased since the early 1990s after early detection efforts and greater use of the prostate-specific antigen （PSA） test. Although ADT is associated with favorable clinical outcomes, ADT has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, increased serum cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin resistance, body mass index and fat body mass. Here we review findings from 11 clinical studies examining the effects of ADT on cognition as measured by standardized tests in cognitive domains such as verbal and spatial memory. most of these studies have important limitations, including small sample sizes, suboptimal control groups and baseline group differences in confounding factors. Despite these limitations, the best designed studies, those comparing patients on ADT to healthy controls, generally suggest that spatial memory might be especially sensitive to the effects of ADT. Critically, to date there is only one study involving random assignment of ADT versus close clinical observation. That study revealed a decrease in verbal memory with ADT, but was limited in sample size and did not include a measure of spatial memory. A recent observational study revealed no substantial evidence of cognitive impairment with ADT, even in the domain of verbal memory. Like the randomizedstudy, however, this large observational study lacked a measure of spatial memory. Overall, the studies with the best controls suggest a potential negative impact of ADT on spatial memory, and perhaps verbal memory, and a need for continued investigation of the impact of ADT on cognition, particularly in these two cognitive domains.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy cognition prostate cancer

Integration of Wind and PV Systems Using Genetic-Assisted Artificial Neural Network

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1471-1489页

作者： E.Jessy mol m.mary Linda Ponjesly College of Engineering NagerkovilKanyakumari629003India

The prominence of Renewable Energy Sources(RES)in the process of power generation is exponentially increased in the recent days since these sources assist in minimizing the environmental contamination.A grid-tied DFIG(Doubly Fed Induction Generator)based WECS(Wind Energy Conversion System)is introduced in this work,in which a Landsman converter is implemented to impro-vise the output voltage of PV without anyﬂuctuations.A novel GA(Genetic Algorithm)assisted ANN(Artiﬁcial Neural Network)is employed for tracking the maximum power from *** the rotor and grid side controllers,the for-mer is implemented by combining the statorﬂux with d-q reference frame and the latter is realized by the PI *** proposed approach delivers better per-formance in the compensation of real and reactive power along with the DC link voltage *** controlling mechanism is veriﬁed in both mATLAB and experimental bench setupby using an emulated wind turbine for the concurrent control of DC link potential,active and reactive *** source current THD is observed as 1.93%and 2.4%for simulation and hardware implementation respectively.

关键词： Wind energy converter double fed induction generator ﬁeld oriented control GA-ANN mPPT DC-link voltage control

Harmonics mitigation Using mmC Based UPFC and Particle Swarm Optimization

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 3429-3445页

作者： C.Gnana Thilaka m.mary Linda Ponjesly College of Engineering Nagercoil629003India

The application of non-linear loads in the power electronic device causes serious harmonic issues in the power system since it has the intrinsic prop-erty of retrieving harmonic current and reactive power from Alternating Current(AC)supply that leads to voltage *** maintain a reliable powerﬂow in the power system,an innovative Uniﬁed Power Flow Converter(UPFC)is uti-lized in this proposed *** conventional series converter is replaced with the modular multilevel Converter(mmC)that improves the power handling capability and achieves higher modular level with minimized *** shunt compensator assists in minimizing the voltageﬂuctuations and maximizing the voltage stability under different load *** Direct Quadrature(DQ)theory is utilized in this study to separate the harmonic components by generating reference frame *** Proportional Integral(PI)controller aids in maintain-ing the direct current potential difference in the constant mode whereas the Pulse Width modulation(PWm)generator helps in delivering optimized output to the *** gain parameters of PI controller are optimized with the aid of employ-ing Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).The entire work is validated using mATLAB simulink and the obtained outcomes proves that this new UPFC is highly beneﬁcial in minimizing the distortions with reduced Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)of 2.21%.

关键词： UPFC PI controller PSO mmC DQ theory STATCOm

Im-EDRD from Retinal Fundus Images Using multi-Level Classification Techniques

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 567-580页

作者： m.P.Karthikeyan E.A.mary Anita Department of Computer Science and Engineering R.M.K.Engineering CollegeChennai601206India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyChrist UniversityBengaluru560029India

In recent years,there has been a significant increase in the number of people suffering from eye illnesses,which should be treated as soon as possible in order to avoid *** Fundus images are employed for this purpose,as well as for analysing eye abnormalities and diagnosing eye *** can be recognised as bright lesions in fundus pictures,which can be thefirst indicator of diabetic *** that in mind,the purpose of this work is to create an Integrated model for Exudate and Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis(Im-EDRD)with multi-level *** model uses Support Vector machine(SVm)-based classification to separate normal and abnormal fundus images at thefirst *** input pictures for SVm are pre-processed with Green Channel Extraction and the retrieved features are based on Gray Level Co-occurrence matrix(GLCm).Furthermore,the presence of Exudate and Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)in fundus images is detected using the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)classifier at the second level of *** detection,blood vessel extraction,and Optic Disc(OD)detection are all processed to achieve suitable ***,the second level processing comprises morphological Component Analysis(mCA)based image enhancement and object segmentation processes,as well as feature extraction for training the ANFIS classifier,to reliably diagnose ***,thefindings reveal that the proposed model surpasses existing models in terms of accuracy,time efficiency,and precision rate with the lowest possible error rate.

关键词： Retinal fundus images exudate diabetic retinopathy SVm ANFIS morphological component analysis

Translational Benefits of Gene Therapy to Date

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Clinical oncology and cancer researeh 2011年第1期8卷 10-15页

作者： m mary mcmenamin Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford South Parks RoadOxford OX1 3QX United Kingdom

Gene therapy is now a reality with a number of early phase clinical trials having been completed and several currently in progress. In spite of some early setbacks substantial progress has been made with treatment of several different diseases using a variety of delivery vectors and transgenes. Indeed for some diseases gene therapy is now the treatment of choice, in particular the inherited immune deficiencies. Treatment of ocular diseases and cancer are also showing great promise. Immune responses and insertional mutagenesis still pose problems but refinement of delivery systems and an increased understanding of oncogene activation should ensure that more successful protocols will emerge in the near future. Continuous progress suggests that a wider range of diseases can be treated with gene therapy in the future.

关键词： gene therapy neoplasm clinical trial immunology

Omeprazole induces gastric transmucosal permeability to the peptide bradykinin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： melissa Gabello mary Carmen Valenzano E Peter Zurbach James m mullin Lankenau Institute for medical Research 100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Department of Chemistry Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIm:To investigate omeprazole-induced transepithelial gastric leak and its effects on the permeability of the peptides bradykinin and ***:Rat gastric corpus tissue was isolated and mounted in an Ussing chamber apparatus to evaluate the permeability of 3H-bradykinin,3H-oxytocin,and 14CEDTA in the presence or absence of *** chromatography was performed to identify any metabolic breakdown products of the peptides resulting from permeation through the gastric tissue,and thereby calculate the true flux of the ***:The flux rate ofintact 3H-bradykinin increased substantially after omeprazole addition (109.5%) compared to the DmSO vehicle control (14%).No corresponding change in flux ofintact 3H-oxytocin was observed under the same conditions (11.9% and 6.4% in the DmSO-and omeprazole-treated conditions,respectively).After exposure to omeprazole,the flux rate of 14C-EDTA also increased dramatically (122.3%) compared to the DmSO condition (36.3%).CONCLUSION:The omeprazole-induced gastric leak allows for transmucosal permeability to charged molecules as well as *** induced leak will allow certain peptides to permeate.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Paracellular Drug delivery Tight junction Transepithelial

Neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma:Opportunities for personalized cancer care

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第27期27卷 4383-4394页

作者： Ahmad Hamad Zachary J Brown Aslam m Ejaz mary Dillhoff Jordan m Cloyd Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43215United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is an aggressive malignancy that is best treated in a multidisciplinary fashion using surgery,chemotherapy,and *** chemotherapy has shown to have a significant survival benefit in patients with resected ***,up to 50%of patients fail to receive adjuvant chemotherapy due to postoperative complications,poor patient performance status or early disease *** order to ensure the delivery of chemotherapy,an alternative strategy is to administer systemic treatment prior to *** oncology refers to the application of diverse strategies to target therapies specific to characteristics of a patient’s *** traditionally emphasized in selecting targeted therapies based on molecular,genetic,and radiographic biomarkers for patients with metastatic disease,the neoadjuvant setting is a prime opportunity to utilize personalized *** this article,we describe the current evidence for the use of neoadjuvant therapy(NT)and highlight unique opportunities for personalized care in patients with PDAC undergoing NT.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Preoperative therapy FOLFIRINOX Precision oncology Patient-reported outcomes Personalized medicine Targeted therapy Whipple Pancreatectomy

Beyond the Pediatric end-stage liver disease system: Solutions for infants with biliary atresia requiring liver transplant

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11062-11068页

作者： mary Elizabeth m Tessier Sanjiv Harpavat Ross W Shepherd Girish S Hiremath mary L Brandt Amy Fisher John A Goss Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Houston Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s HospitalHouston

Biliary atresia(BA), a chronic progressive cholestatic disease of infants, is the leading cause for liver transplant in children, especially in patients under two years of age. BA can be successfully treated with the Kasai portoenterostomy; however most patients still require a liver transplant, with up to one half of BA children needing a transplant by age two. In the current pediatric end-stage liver disease system, children with BA face the risk of not receiving a liver in a safe and timely manner. In this review, we discuss a number of possible solutions to help these children. We focus on two general approaches:(1) preventing/delaying need for transplantation, by optimizing the success of the Kasai operation; and(2) expediting transplantation when needed, by performing techniques other than the standard deceased-donor, whole, ABO-matched organ transplant.

关键词： Biliary atresia Liver transplantation Pediatric liver disease Pediatric end-stage liver disease Kasai operation Newborn screening Surgical outcomes Living-related donor transplantation Split liver transplantation ABO-incompatible liver transplantation

Use of metaphors when treating unexplained medical symptoms

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第2期11卷 332-341页

作者： mary V Seeman Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoToronto M5S 1A1OntarioCanada

The words one chooses to describe personal pain mirror current usage, but may also hold echoes of an individual’s lived experience. They may provide clues to the origin of physical symptoms that are medically hard to explain. The aim of this commentary is to propose, on the basis of the available literature, that verbal metaphors can prove effective in the psychotherapy of such conditions. I provide a case history of a 45 year old woman referred to psychiatry because of extreme ‘burning’ pain in her mouth and tongue. She had been to numerous doctors, had undergone a variety of tests, had tried many medical treatments, and had been prescribed a number of different pharmaceutical agents. She had changed her diet, done her daily dental mouth exercises, drunk a lot of water, but the burning continued and interfered, with her job(she was a teacher), her friendships, and her everyday life. This made her angry and recalcitrant to therapy, but the metaphor ‘burning with rage,’ as applicable to her pain, worked to establish a good alliance that led to a decrease of symptoms. Burning mouth Syndrome is a medically unexplained condition of complex etiology that psychotherapy alone cannot reverse. The literature bears out, however, that the use of metaphors can help to open avenues of psychological exploration that accelerate adaptation to pain and improve quality life.

关键词： Alexithymia Burning mouth syndrome Idioms of distress menopause metaphors Pain