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Evolution and future of urban ecological science:ecology in,of,and for the city

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维普期刊数据库

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第7期2卷 4-20页

作者： Steward T.A.Pickett mary l.cadenasso Daniel l.Childers Mark J.McDonnell Weiqi Zhou Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies MillbrookNew York 12545 USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavis1 Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia 95616 USA School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityWrigley HallPO Box 875402TempeArizona 85287 USA Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria c/o School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneVictoria 3010 Australia Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences18 Shuangqing RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100085 China

The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem *** in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as analogs of non-urban *** fabric outside analog patches is considered to be inhospi-table *** of the city differs from ecology in by treating entire urban mosaics as social-ecolog-ical *** of urban ecosystems incorporates biological,social,and built *** posed as a metaphor to visualize disciplinary evolution,this paper suggests that the contrast has conceptual,empirical,and methodological *** is,the contrast constitutes a disciplinary or“local”paradigm *** paradigm change between ecology in and ecology of represents increased complexity,moving from focus on biotic communities to holistic social-ecological systems.A third paradigm,ecology for the city,has emerged due to concern for urban *** ecology for includes the knowledge generated by both ecology in and ecology of,it considers researchers as a part of the system,and acknowledges that they may help envision and advance the social goals of urban *** urban heterogeneity as a key urban feature,the three paradigms are shown to contrast in five important ways:disciplinary focus,the relevant theory of spatial heterogeneity,the technology for representing spatial structure,the resulting classification of urban mosaics,and the nature of application to *** for the city encourages ecologists to engage with other specialists and urban dwellers to shape a more sustainable urban future.

关键词： city complexity framework interdisciplinary paradigm social-ecological system spatial heterogeneity Special Feature:An Ecology in,of,and for the City sustainability urban ecology

Democratization of ecosystem services--a radical approach for assessing nature's benefits in the face of urbanization

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第5期4卷 2-18页

作者： Melissa R.McHale Scott M.Beck Steward T.A.Pickett Daniel l.Childers mary l.cadenasso louie Rivers III louise Swemmer liesel Ebersohn Wayne Twine David N Bunn Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA School of Animal Plantand Environmental SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersr andJohannesburgSouth Africa Natural Resource Ecology lab Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA Wits City Institute University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies MillbrookNYUSA School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA South African National Parks Kruger National ParkPhalaborwaSouth Africa Centre for the Study of Resilience University of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Geography&Environmental Management&Energy Studies University of Johannesburg

Objectives:(1)To evaluate how ecosystem services may be utilized to either reinforce or fracture the planning and development practices that emerged from segregation and eco-nomic exclusion;(2)To survey the current state of ecosystem service assessments and synthesize a growing number of recommendations from the literature for renovating ecosys-tem service ***:Utilizing current maps of ecosystem service distribution in Bushbuckridge local Municipality,South Africa,we considered how a democratized process of assessing ecosys-tem services will produce a more nuanced representation of diverse values in society and capture heterogeneity in ecosystem structure and ***:We propose interventions for assessing ecosystem services that are inclusive of a broad range of stakeholders'values and result in actual quantification of social and ecological *** demonstrate how to operationalize a pluralistic framework for ecosystem service ***:A democratized approach to ecosystem service assessments is a reimagined path to rescuing a poorly implemented concept and designing and managing future social-ecological systems that benefit people and support ecosystem *** is the responsi-bility of scientists who do ecosystem services research to embrace more complex,pluralistic frameworks so that sound and inclusive scientific information is utilized in decision-making.

关键词： Ecosystem services social-ecological systems heterogeneity landcover,pluralistic deliberative

Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura Huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and AlS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and AlS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica l.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota l.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao Tan Junling lü Chunchi Zhang Dong liang lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(I_(ds))to the detected impulse(I).The applied force was detected and recorded by I_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： Danko Jeremic lydia Jiménez-Díaz Juan D.Navarro-lópez NeuroPhysiology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in AD,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Beyond the Pediatric end-stage liver disease system: Solutions for infants with biliary atresia requiring liver transplant

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11062-11068页

作者： mary Elizabeth M Tessier Sanjiv Harpavat Ross W Shepherd Girish S Hiremath mary l Brandt Amy Fisher John A Goss Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital Houston Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s HospitalHouston

Biliary atresia(BA), a chronic progressive cholestatic disease of infants, is the leading cause for liver transplant in children, especially in patients under two years of age. BA can be successfully treated with the Kasai portoenterostomy; however most patients still require a liver transplant, with up to one half of BA children needing a transplant by age two. In the current pediatric end-stage liver disease system, children with BA face the risk of not receiving a liver in a safe and timely manner. In this review, we discuss a number of possible solutions to help these children. We focus on two general approaches:(1) preventing/delaying need for transplantation, by optimizing the success of the Kasai operation; and(2) expediting transplantation when needed, by performing techniques other than the standard deceased-donor, whole, ABO-matched organ transplant.

关键词： Biliary atresia liver transplantation Pediatric liver disease Pediatric end-stage liver disease Kasai operation Newborn screening Surgical outcomes living-related donor transplantation Split liver transplantation ABO-incompatible liver transplantation