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Seasonal variations in nutritive and botanical composition properties of multispecies grazing swards over an entire dairy grazing season

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 221-233页

作者： Ciarán Hearn Michael Egan mary bridget lynch Christina Fleming Michael O'Donovan Teagasc Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkCorkIreland School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinDublinIreland Contribution:Formal analysis InvestigationMethodologyVisualizationWriting-original draftWriting-review&editing

Background Recently,there has been increasing interest in the use of multispecies(MS)swards in dairy grazing *** A plot grazing study was established to investigate the potential contribution of different sward species(perennial ryegrass,legumes and herbs)sown in grazing *** sward mixtures were sown,ranging in complexity from a perennial ryegrass(PRG)monoculture to binary mixtures including either forage legumes or herbs to a five-species mixture;four different nitrogen(N)application rates of 0,100,150 and 200 kg N ha−1 were applied to each *** Species abundance for all sward species components was associated with the interaction of time point and sward mixture;species abundance for all sward components,except PRG,was associated with the interaction of N application and sward *** interactions of time point and sward mixture,and time point and N application rate,were associated with all analysed sward chemical components,except for sward *** Increased N application rates reduced the level of clover in all sward *** levels of white clover led to increased sward crude protein levels;the inclusion of ribwort plantain led to some seasonal variation in the nutritive value of swards.

关键词： botanical composition chemical composition dairy production grazing multispecies swards

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A comparison of the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass,perennial ryegrass and white clover and multispecies-based farmlet systems

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Grassland Research 2023年第2期2卷 129-139页

作者： Shona Baker mary B.lynch Fionnuala Godwin Tommy M.Boland Alexander C.O.Evans Paul N.C.Murphy Alan K.Kelly Helen Sheridan11 UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfieldIreland Teagasc Environmental Research Centre Johnstown Castle Co.WexfordIreland UCD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldIreland

Background:Limited information is available regarding the nutritive value and structural characteristics of multispecies swards when rotationally ***:Three farmlet types were investigated in terms of their nutritive value:Lolium perenne(LP);***+Trifolium repens(LP+TR);and a multispecies sward containing grasses,legumes and herbs(MSS).Farmlets were stocked with beef steers(2.5 livestock units ha−1),grazed on a 1 ha scale to 6 cm(MSS)and 4 cm(LP and LP+TR)***:A greater ash concentration was found in MSS than LP(84 vs.75 g kg−1 DM).Both LP+TR and MSS had higher crude protein and lower neutral detergent fibre concentrations than *** relative ranking of water soluble carbohydrate and dry matter(DM)concentration was LP>LP+TR>*** the leaf component of the LP farmlet contributing more to herbage DM,the organic matter digestibilities of the swards were ***:The MSS and LP+TR farmlets achieved similar forage quality under intensive grazing to ***,it is worth noting that MSS had a higher concentration of acid detergent lignin,which can negatively impact *** investigation is needed to determine optimal grazing management practices that can minimise the effects of higher lignin concentration on digestibility in multispecies swards.

关键词： forage herbs forage quality grazing cattle legumes multispecies swards nitrogen sustainability

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Reimagining large river management using the Resist-Accept-Direct(RAD)framework in the Upper Mississippi River

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 645-664页

作者： Nicole K.Ward Abigail J.lynch Erik A.Beever Joshua Booker Kristen L.Bouska Holly Embke Jeffrey N.Houser John F.Kocik Joshua Kocik David J.Lawrence mary Grace Lemon Doug Limpinsel Madeline R.Magee Bryan M.Maitland Owen McKenna Andrew Meier John M.Morton Jeffrey D.Muehlbauer Robert Newman Devon C.Oliver Heidi M.Rantala Greg G.Sass Aaron Shultz Laura M.Thompson Jennifer L.Wilkening Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Lake CityMN 55041USA U.S.Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science CenterRestonVA 22041USA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science CenterBozemanMT 59715USA Department of Ecology Montana State UniversityBozemanMT 59715USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemOak HarborOH 43449USA U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences CenterLa CrosseWI 54603USA U.S.Geological Survey Midwest Climate Adaptation Science CenterSt.PaulMN 55108USA NOAA NEFSC OronoME 04473USA University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE 68503USA National Park Service Climate Change Response ProgramFort CollinsCO 80525USA U.S.Fish and Wild-life Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemBloomingtonMN 55437USA Habitat Conservation Division NOAAAlaska RegionAnchorageAK 99513USA Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources MadisonWI 53703USA Aquatic Sciences Center Center for LimnologyUW-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center and Midwest Climate Adaptation Science CenterJamestownND 58401USA U.S.Army Corps of Engineers La CrescentMN 55947USA Alaska Wildlife Alliance AnchorageAK 99520USA U.S.Geological Survey Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAK 99775USA University of North Dakota Grand ForksND 58202USA Minnesota Department of Natural Resources DuluthMN 55804USA Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Boulder JunctionWI 54512USA Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission(GLIFWC) OdanahWI 54861USA U.S.Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science Centerand School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemFort CollinsCO 80526USA

Background Large-river decision-makers are charged with maintaining diverse ecosystem services through unprec-edented social-ecological transformations as climate change and other global stressors *** interconnected,dendritic habitats of rivers,which often demarcate jurisdictional boundaries,generate complex management ***,we explore how the Resist–Accept–Direct(RAD)framework may enhance large-river management by promoting coordinated and deliberate responses to social-ecological trajectories of *** RAD frame-work identifies the full decision space of potential management approaches,wherein managers may resist change to maintain historical conditions,accept change toward different conditions,or direct change to a specified future with novel *** the Upper Mississippi River System,managers are facing social-ecological transformations from more frequent and extreme high-water *** illustrate how RAD-informed basin-,reach-,and site-scale decisions could:(1)provide cross-spatial scale framing;(2)open the entire decision space of potential management approaches;and(3)enhance coordinated inter-jurisdictional management in response to the trajectory of the Upper Mississippi River *** The RAD framework helps identify plausible long-term trajectories in different reaches(or subbasins)of the river and how the associated social-ecological transformations could be managed by altering site-scale *** reach-scale objectives may reprioritize how,where,and when site conditions could be altered to contribute to the basin goal,given the basin’s plausible trajectories of change(e.g.,by coordinating action across sites to alter habitat connectivity,diversity,and redundancy in the river mosaic).Conclusions When faced with long-term systemic transformations(e.g.,>50 years),the RAD framework helps explicitly consider whether or when the basin vision or goals may no longer be achievable,and direct options may open y

关键词： Ecosystem Management Transformation Social-ecological system Anthropocene Climate change Basin planning Cross-scale interactions

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