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Preference status does not indicate intrinsic quality differences in Drosophila pseudoobscura

Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 198-207页

作者： Yong-Kyu KIM mary beth weber Wyatt W.ANDERSON Patricia Adair GOWATY Department of Genetics University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Rollins School of Public Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Institute of the Environment University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute APOUSA

The good genes hypothesis states that choosers prefer individuals of high intrinsic quality to individuals of lower intrinsic *** in longevity is thought to reflect,in part,intrinsic quality differences of individuals in addition to the costs of mating and *** we report longevity variation of Drosophila pseudoobscura,a species in which previous experiments have demonstrated that individual mate preferences(pre-touching mate assessments)of females and males are associated with enhanced numbers of eclosed(adult)offspring and higher egg-to-adult survival(offspring viability).Using mate assessment arenas and protocols similar to those in a previous experiment that demonstrated fitness benefits to breeders and their offspring of mating with individuals they preferred,we tested the following predictions:(i)preferred discriminatees live longer than non-preferred discriminatees;(ii)males live longer than females;and(iii)virgins live longer than mated *** experiment yielded 938 individuals for longevity *** and mating status affected longevity:males lived longer than females,virgin females lived longer than mated females,but there were no differences in longevity for mated and virgin ***-preferred discriminatees of both sexes survived as long as preferred discriminatees,a result inconsistent with the prediction of the good genes hypothesis for mate *** our knowledge,this is the first demonstration of the cost of reproduction for females in *** and of longevity variation of preferred and non-preferred discriminatees.

关键词： longevity mate assessment mate choice mate preferences.

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Tailoring lifestyle programmes for diabetes prevention for US South Asians

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第2期8卷 12-20页

作者： mary beth weber Monique M Hennink K M Venkat Narayan Hubert Department of Global Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Objective The purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a culturally tailored Diabetes Prevention Programme(DPP)for US South Asians,a large population with high diabetes *** The South Asian Health and Prevention Education(SHAPE)study included:(1)focus group discussions with South Asian adults to understand views of lifestyle behaviours and diabetes prevention;(2)modification of the US DPP for South Asians and(3)a pilot,pre-post study to test the feasibility and impact of delivering the culturally tailored *** The study was conducted in Atlanta,Georgia,*** group discussions and intervention classes were held at locations within the community(eg,South Asian restaurants,a public library,university classrooms,a South Asian owned physical therapy studio).Participants The focus group discussions(n=17 with 109 individuals)included adults aged 25 years of older who self-identified as South *** were stratified by age(25-40 years or older than 40 years)and *** SHAPE pilot study included 17(76.5%male with a mean age of 46.9±12 years)South Asian adults aged 25 years or older with pre-diabetes and body mass index(BMI)>22 kg/*** Formative data from 17 focus group discussions and a community board guided the modification of the DPP curriculum to reflect cultural food preferences and include tools to leverage social support,create a stronger foundation in exercise and overcome culturally specific *** SHAPE pilot study included 17 South Asian adults with pre-diabetes and BMI>22 kg/*** were positive changes in participants’weight,waist circumference,blood pressure,plasma lipids,HbA1c and other cardiometabolic markers postintervention and 55%of participants regressed to *** These results provide important information on the barriers faced by US South Asians in participating in‘standard’lifestyle change programs,indicate the feasibility of culturally tailored programmes and show p

关键词： prevention discussions overcome

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Turning teawaste particles into magnetic bio-sorbents particles for arsenic removal from wastewater:Isotherm and kinetic studies

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 179-193页

作者： mary McGeogh Hamza Annath Chirangano Mangwandi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastDavid Kier BuildingBT95AGUnited Kingdorm Department of Chermnistry Lancaster UniversityBailrigsLancasterLA14YBUnited Kingdom

The primary objective of this research was to assess the potential of magnetic bleached biochar(MBBC)as a cost-effective adsorbent for arsenic *** achieve this,locally collected tea wastes underwent meticulous cleaning,bleaching,and modifications via thermal and chemical *** non-magnetic and magnetic biochar adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA).Subsequently,the adsorptive performance of MBBC in removing arsenic from wastewater samples was investigated,considering various crucial parameters such as adsorbent-adsorbate contact time,concentration of As,temperature,adsorbent dosage,and the regeneration-ability of the *** experimental data for the adsorption process were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm,indicating its suitability for the MBBC ***,the MBBC demonstrated a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g at room temperature,highlighting its efficiency as an arsenic ***,the Lagergren's Pseudo-second order kinetic model proved to be the most suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics,confirming the chemisorption nature of the *** results also indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and feasible,suggesting its viability for practical *** all findings into account,the comprehensive analysis strongly supports the potential use of MBBC as a highly promising and cost-effective adsorbent for efficiently removing arsenic from aqueous *** research contributes valuable insights to the field of wastewater treatment and offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for tackling arsenic contamination in water sources.

关键词： Arsenics Wastewater Adsorption Magnetic bio-char Teawaste

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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： mary C.Mullins Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGCs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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Resurgence of dengue in the Philippines

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第3期13卷 7-9页

作者： Jasmine S Interior Kyrsten Jannae J Bigay Remigo Angelo A Iringan mary beth F Tanco St.Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H.Quasha Memorial Quezon 1112Philippines

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has significantly influenced the epidemiological landscape of various infectious diseases such as *** is an endemic disease in the Philippines,which showed a significant de-cline in the number of cases beginning in March 2020 due to the stringent public health measures implemented to curb COVID-19 ***,the easing of these restrictions subsequently led to a resurgence in dengue cases,as reported by the World Health Organization,with a notable increase compared to previous *** the country navigates towards a post-pandemic phase,addressing the resurgence of dengue requires sustained efforts in vector control,surveillance,and healthcare *** article underscores the critical need for collab-orative efforts among stakeholders to mitigate the resurgence of dengue while managing the ongoing recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Dengue Dengue fever COVID-19 Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Philippines

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Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 256-268页

作者： mary C.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole Olufemi Olorode John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkUSA Department of Petroleum Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations,with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (CCS),can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net‐zero carbon emission *** resources in low‐permeability and medium‐and high‐temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS).However,fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential CO_(2) storage in a CO_(2)‐EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid *** thermo‐mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical CO_(2)(in CO_(2)‐EGS),which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological ***,there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and CO_(2)‐*** study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without CO_(2) storage in CO_(2) ‐***,we proposed waterless‐stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in ***,based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas,we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo‐mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.

关键词： CO_(2)-EGS enhanced geothermal systems geomechanics geothermal energy underground thermal energy

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Directives and references in selected coronavirus-motivated internet memes

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第2期10卷 245-266页

作者： Ayo Osisanwo Toluwalope mary Falade Department of English University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute of English Studies Leuphana UniversitätLüneburgGermany Department of English and General Studies Ladoke Akintola UniversityOgbomosoNigeria

The use of directives in communicating the nature of the pandemic and reference to social experiences were promoted using images on social media *** images or memes are used to create awareness and reinforce the criteria for safety during the *** studies on internet memes have concentrated on humor generation,speaker-hearer shared knowledge,neologism,and multimodality among others,with insufficient attention paid to the use of directives and references in such coronavirus-motivated *** paper,therefore,examines how directives and references are employed in conveying expected social responsibilities through coronavirus-motivated internet memes in Nigeria and other socio-cultural *** data,one hundred coronavirus-motivated memes were purposively selected from Facebook,and eight representative memes were subjected to pragmatic analysis using aspects of Jacob Mey’s(***:An introduction,2nd ***:Blackwell Publishing)pragmatic acts theory to unearth insights from *** paper observes that the various spheres of life that are relatable to an online audience help to express what the pandemic is about and enhance the meaning of the pandemic with the context of the use of the memes,giving clearer perspectives on the *** and references are useful tools for conveying social responsibilities to online audience.

关键词： directives references coronavirus internet memes social responsibilities

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Assessment of nano-to-micro-scale geomechanical properties and their time-dependent behavior: Current status and progressive perspectives

Rock Mechanics Bulletin

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： mary C.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ07102USA

Rocks can deform at varying scales(nano-,micro-and macro-scale)under different temperatures,pressures,stresses,and time ***-core scale(nano-to micro-scale)changes in rock properties can influence local(fine-scale)and bulk scale(macro-scale)rock ***,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge on how rock deformation at sub-core scale(i.e.,nano-to micro-scale)is assessed and its potential to accurately predicte and estimate the macro-scale mechanical behavior of *** study presents a comprehensive and forward-leaning review of the assessment of nano-scale and micro-scale rock mechanical parameters,their timedependent behavior,and potential applications in rock ***,we highlighted the key findings based on experimental and numerical methods for evaluating rock mechanical parameters,and presented the limitations of these ***,we discussed the reliability of sub-core scale mechanical assessments in predicting macromechanical(larger-scale)properties and the behavior of rocks in ***,we offer recommendations to advance investigations focused on rock mechanical assessments at these smaller scales and provide a more accurate characterization at the sub-core scale.

关键词： Rock mechanics Rock deformation Nanomechanics Rock creep Rock engineering

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DeepRice: A deep learning and deep feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtypes

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： P.Isaac Ritharson Kumudha Raimond X.Anitha mary Jennifer Eunice Robert Andrew J Department of CSE Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences CoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia Department of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatoreIndia Department of Mechatronics Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India

Rice stands as a crucial staple food globally,with its enduring sustainability hinging on the prompt detection of rice leaf ***,efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds paramount importance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical *** the recent past,the identification of leaf pathologies in crops predominantly relies on manual methods using specialized equipment,which proves to be time-consuming and *** study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep Learning(DL)and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases.A comprehensive dataset comprising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets,categorized into 9 classes irrespective of the extent of disease spread across the *** classes encompass diverse states including healthy leaves,mild and severe blight,mild and severe tungro,mild and severe blast,as well as mild and severe brown *** meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation,which was validated by horticulture experts,data augmentation strategies were implemented to amplify the number of *** datasets were subjected to evaluation using the proposed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks *** performance are scrutinized in conjunction with alternative transfer learning approaches like VGG16,Xception,ResNet50,DenseNet121,Inception ResnetV2,and Inception *** effectiveness of the proposed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its capacity to generalize to unseen images,yielding an exceptional accuracy of 99.94%,surpassing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art ***,the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interpretable AI.

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep learning CNN Crop yield Agriculture Food security

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Nobel Prize Winner Alice Munro One of the best writers you may not know about

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第11期 28-29,46,47页

作者： mary Rourke 不详

Alice Munro,the Canadian,writer considered by many to be the finest short-fiction writer of her generation,died[earlier this year].She was *** was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 2013,only months after publishing a collection of stories that she said would be her *** had already received the Man Booker International Prize,the National Book Critics Circle Award in the United States and every top literary prize offered in her native Canada,including its most prestigious,the Governor General's Award.

关键词： Nobel Canada writer

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