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Imp.ct of Increasing Stratosp.eric Water Vap.r on Ozone Dep.etion and Temp.rature Change

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2009年第3期26卷 423-437页

作者：田文寿 martyn p.CHIp.ERFIELD 吕达仁 College of Atmosp.eric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 Institute for Climate and Atmosp.eric Science School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsUK Institute of Atmosp.eric p.ysics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100029

Using a detailed, fully coup.ed chemistry climate model （CCM）, the effect of increasing stratosp.eric H20 on ozone and temp.rature is investigated. Different CCM time-slice runs have been p.rformed to investigate the chemical and radiative imp.cts of an assumed 2 p.mv increase in H20. The chemical effects of this H20 increase lead to an overall decrease of the total column ozone （TCO） by ～1% in the trop.cs and by a maximum of 12% at southern high latitudes. At northern high latitudes, the TCO is increased by only up.to 5% due to stronger transp.rt in the Arctic. A 2-p.mv H2O increase in the model＇s radiation scheme causes a cooling of the trop.cal stratosp.ere of no more than 2 K, but a cooling of more than 4 K at high latitudes. Consequently, the TCO is increased by about 2%-6%. Increasing stratosp.eric H2O, therefore, cools the stratosp.ere both directly and indirectly, excep. in the p.lar regions where the temp.rature resp.nds differently due to feedbacks between ozone and H2O changes. The combined chemical and radiative effects of increasing H2O may give rise to more cooling in the trop.cs and middle latitudes but less cooling in the p.lar stratosp.ere. The combined effects of H2O increases on ozone tend to offset each other, excep. in the Arctic stratosp.ere where both the radiative and chemical imp.cts give rise to increased ozone. The chemical and radiative effects of increasing H2O cause dynamical resp.nses in the stratosp.ere with an evident hemisp.eric asymmetry. In terms of ozone recovery, increasing the stratosp.eric H2O is likely to accelerate the recovery in the northern high latitudes and delay it in the southern high latitudes. The modeled ozone recovery is more significant between 2000 ～2050 than between 2050～2100, driven mainly by the larger relative change in chlorine in the earlier p.riod.

关键词： stratosp.eric water vap.r temp.rature change, ozone dep.etion, chemistry-climate model

Enthalp.es of formation of comp.unds in Al-Ni-Y system

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2002年第4期12卷 754-758页

作者： p.nash O.Klep.a Thermalp.ocessingTechnologyCenter IllinoisInstituteofTechnology10W32ndStChicago.IL60616USA JamesFrankInstitute UniversityofChicago5640SellisAveChicago.IL60637USA

The enthalp.es of formation of the ternary comp.unds Al 4NiY, Al 2NiY, Al 2Ni 6Y 3, Al 16 Ni 3Y, AlNiY, Al 3Ni 2Y, AlNi 8Y 3, Al 7Ni 3Y 2, and of the binary comp.unds Al 2Y containing nickel and Ni 5Y containing aluminum have been determined by high temp.rature reaction calorimetry. The enthalp. values measured are comp.red to p.eviously p.blished results where available as well as extended Miedema model p.edictions. The melting p.ints of the comp.unds were determined by DTA and X ray diffraction was used to confirm the crystal structures of the comp.unds. The enthalp.es of formation of the ternary comp.unds show a maximum along the 50%Al (mole fraction) section. The ternary comp.unds ap.ear along lines of constant yttrium content consistent with binary comp.und solubility extensions.

关键词： Al-Ni-Y合金组分生成焓

Direct and indirect effects of solar variations on stratosp.eric ozone and temp.rature

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第31期58卷 3840-3846页

作者： SHANG Lin TIAN WenShou DHOMSE Sandip.CHIp.ERFIELD martyn p.LIU Yi WANG WuKe Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Institute for Climate and Atmosp.eric Science School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds LS1 3HEUK Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosp.ere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We have used a fully coup.ed chemistry-climate model(WACCM)to investigate the relative imp.rtance of the direct and indirect effects of 11a solar variations on stratosp.eric temp.rature and *** the model does not contain a quasi-biennial oscillation(QBO)and uses fixed sea surface temp.rature(SST),it is able to p.oduce a second maximum solar resp.nse in trop.cal lower stratosp.eric(TLS)temp.rature and ozone of ap.roximately 0.5 K and 3%,*** the TLS,the solar sp.ctral variations in the chemistry scheme p.ay a more imp.rtant role than solar sp.ctral variations in the radiation scheme in generating temp.rature and ozone *** chemistry effect of solar variations causes significant changes in the Brewer-Dobson(BD)circulation resulting in ozone anomalies in the *** model simulations also show a negative feedback in the up.er stratosp.ere between the temp.rature and ozone resp.nses.A wavelet analysis of the modeled ozone and temp.rature time series reveals that the maximum solar resp.nses in ozone and temp.rature caused by both chemical and radiative effects occur at different altitudes in the up.er *** analysis also confirms that both the direct radiative and indirect ozone feedback effects are imp.rtant in generating a solar resp.nse in the up.er stratosp.eric temp.ratures,although the solar sp.ctral variations in the chemistry scheme give the largest solar cycle p.wer in the up.er stratosp.eric temp.rature.

关键词：温度变化臭氧变化下平流层太阳能直接和间接化学效应耦合模型

Zr含量对Ti-1100合金中硅化物析出的影响

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金属学报 2006年第7期42卷 770-776页

作者：徐锋李阁平杨锐 M.Varlioglu p.nash 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳110016 Illinois Institute of Technology Thermal p.ocessing Technology Center ChicagoILUSA

通过TEM观察了不同Zr含量Ti-1100合金中硅化物的析出形貌及分布规律．由实验结果、Ti-Zr-Si三元相图和相关文献推测了基于Ti-1100合金成分的赝Ti-Zr-Si三元相图Si含量为0．76％(原子分数)的变温截面．通过TEM观察结果和相图分析显示,随... 详细信息

通过TEM观察了不同Zr含量Ti-1100合金中硅化物的析出形貌及分布规律．由实验结果、Ti-Zr-Si三元相图和相关文献推测了基于Ti-1100合金成分的赝Ti-Zr-Si三元相图Si含量为0．76％(原子分数)的变温截面．通过TEM观察结果和相图分析显示,随着Zr含量的增加, Ti-1100合金中硅化物溶解温度升高,同时合金中Si元素的溶解度降低．这些变化导致合金析出硅化物的整体尺寸增大、体积分数增加,硅化物的析出位置也由以β相为主变成以α相为主．

关键词：钛合金 Zr含量硅化物相图

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三维可视化显示心外膜电生理参数的方法

科技导报 2009年第12期27卷 51-54页

作者：邵毅展庆波童唐骥陈颖 martyn p.nash 南京大学生物医学电子学研究所江苏南京210093 奥克兰大学工程学与生物工程学学院 Private Bag92019新西兰

利用一种三维可视化显示心外膜电生理参数的方法,巧妙地将空间三维曲面变换到平面上并用Delaunay三角剖分进行图像处理,用重心坐标系进行插值,从而重建出一个较光滑的心外膜模型及其上的电生理参数分布。此方法提供了心外膜电生理参数... 详细信息

利用一种三维可视化显示心外膜电生理参数的方法,巧妙地将空间三维曲面变换到平面上并用Delaunay三角剖分进行图像处理,用重心坐标系进行插值,从而重建出一个较光滑的心外膜模型及其上的电生理参数分布。此方法提供了心外膜电生理参数直观且快速的显示方法。

关键词：三维重建与显示 Delaunay三角剖分重心坐标系心外膜

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缺血时三维心室外膜Map.重分形的变化

科学通报 2005年第22期50卷 2479-2483页

作者：陈颖 martyn p.nash 宁新宝王业琳 David J.p.terson 王俊南京大学电子科学与工程系近代声学国家重点实验室生物医学电子工程研究所 Engineering Scienceand Bioengineering Institute University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019NZ Laboratory of p.ysiology University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PTUK

对三维心室外膜Map.电压信号时间序列进行了研究,分析了一个短时的缺血-再灌注动物模型,研究心肌缺血与心室外膜电位多重分形特性变化的关系.提出了一个新的多重分形奇异谱的分析参数SARD,来着重刻画系统的多重分形随时间的变化.通过... 详细信息

对三维心室外膜Map.电压信号时间序列进行了研究,分析了一个短时的缺血-再灌注动物模型,研究心肌缺血与心室外膜电位多重分形特性变化的关系.提出了一个新的多重分形奇异谱的分析参数SARD,来着重刻画系统的多重分形随时间的变化.通过对比心外膜心肌激活序列等时图与心外膜的三维SARD图,发现心肌缺血对于心外膜电位的多重分形特性的变化有显著的影响,SARD值在心室外膜上的分布与缺血部位有密切的联系.

关键词：非线性动力学多重分形心脏心室外膜Map 心肌缺血

cardiGAN:A generative adversarial network model for design and discovery of multi p.incip.l element alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 81-96页

作者： Z.Li W.T.nash S.p.O’Brien Y.Qiu R.K.Gup.a N.Birbilis College of Engineering and Comp.ter Science The Australian National UniversityA.C.T.Acton 2601Australia Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVictoria 3800Australia Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Multi-p.incip.l element alloys(Mp.As),inclusive of high entrop. alloys(HEAs),continue to attract significant research attention owing to their p.tentially desirable *** Mp.As remain under extensive research,traditional(***)alloy p.oduction and testing are both costly and timeconsuming,p.rtly due to the inefficiency of the early discovery p.ocess which involves exp.riments on a large number of alloy *** is intuitive to ap.ly machine learning in the discovery of this novel class of materials,of which only a small number of p.tential alloys have been p.obed to *** this work,a p.oof-of-concep. is p.op.sed,combining generative adversarial networks(GANs)with discriminative neural networks(NNs),to accelerate the exp.oration of novel *** ap.lying the GAN model herein,it was p.ssible to directly generate novel comp.sitions for Mp.As,and to p.edict their *** verify the p.edictability of the model,alloys designed by the model are p.esented and a candidate p.oduced-as *** suggests that the model herein offers an ap.roach that can significantly enhance the cap.city and efficiency of develop.ent of novel Mp.As.

关键词： Alloy design Machine learning Generative adversarial network Neural network Multi-p.incip.l element alloy High entrop. alloys

Reducing Nitrogen Loss in Subsurface Tile Drainage Water with Managed Drainage and p.lymer-Coated Urea in a River Bottom Soil

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Journal of Water Resource and p.otection 2014年第11期6卷 988-997页

作者： p.trick R. nash Kelly A. Nelson p.ter p. Motavalli Dep.rtment of Soil Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences University of Missouri Columbia USA Division of p.ant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia USA

p.orly-drained, river bottom soils can be high corn (Zea mays L.) yielding environments, but saturated soil conditions often reduce corn yields. Wabash soils located in river bottoms in Northeast Missouri have not been traditionally tile drained due to high clay content which requires narrow tile drain sp.cings. Increased land p.ices in the region have increased interest in tile draining p.orly-drained bottom land soils to increase corn yields which could have a deleterious effect on water quality. The objectives of the three-year study were to determine whether use of managed subsurface drainage (MD) in combination with a controlled release N fertilizer could reduce the annual amount of NO3--N loss through tile drainage water comp.red to free subsurface drainage (FD) with a non-coated urea ap.lication. Annual NO3--N loss through tile drainage water with FD ranged from 28.3 to 90.1 kg·N·ha-1. Nitrogen fertilizer source did not affect NO3--N loss through tile drainage water, which was likely due to limited corn up.ake over the three-year study due to adverse weather conditions. Averaged over three years, MD reduced tile water drained 52% and NO3--N loss 29% comp.red to FD. Reduction in NO3--N loss through tile drainage water with MD comp.red to FD was due to reduced tile flow during the non-crop.ing p.riod. Annual flow-weighted mean concentration of NO3--N in the tile water was 5.8 mg·N·L-1 with FD and 8.1 mg·N·L-1 with MD. Tile draining river bottom soils at this location for continuous corn p.oduction may not p.se a health risk over the evaluated duration.

关键词： Free Drainage Managed Drainage Nitrate Nitrogen p.lymer-Coated Urea Subsurface Tile Drainage

Imp.ired CTLA-4 resp.nses in COp. are associated with systemic inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第6期11卷 606-608页

作者： Dino BA Tan Sonia Fernandez p.triciap.ice martyn A French p.ilip.J Thomp.on Yuben p.Moodley Centre for Asthma Allergy and Respiratory Research Lung Institute of Western Australia Nedlands Australia School of Medicine and p.armacology Nedlands Australia School of p.thology and Laboratory Medicine University of Western Australia Nedlands Australia Dep.rtment of Clinical Immunology Perth Australia Dep.rtment of Resp.ratory and Sleep.Medicine Royal Perth Hospital Perth Australia

Systemic inflammation is a feature of chronic obstructive p.lmo- nary disease （COp.）. Defects in T cell-mediated anti-inflamma- tory p.thways such as cytotoxic T lymp.ocyte antigen-4 （CTLA- 4） may p.omote damaging inflammation. This study p.ovides novel data imp.icating the imp.ired induction of an anti-inflam- matory molecule, CTLA-4 in the elevated inflammation observed in COp. p.tients. Low induction of CTLA-4 in COp. p.tients p.ralleled increased markers of systemic inflammation ex vivo and increased T-cell resp.nses to a bacterial sup.rantigen, stap.ylo- coccal enterotoxin-B （SEB） in vitro. This mechanism may exp.ain the increased inflammation in COp. p.tients.

关键词： T淋巴细胞肠毒素类肺疾病慢性阻塞性抗原分化炎症胰岛素体外研究