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Plasma-Induced Interfacial Processes in Metal Halides FTIR Gas Cell Windows

Journal of Analysis and Testing 2023年第4期7卷 392-404页

作者： Jaka Olenik Vasyl Shvalya martina Modic Jernej Ekar Janez Kovac Uros Cvelbar James L.Walsh York Plasma Institute School of PhysicsEngineering and TechnologyUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department for Gaseous Electronics F6 Jozef Stefan Institute1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Surface Engineering F4 Jozef Stefan Institute1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School 1000 LjubljanaSlovenia

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is one of the most widely used vibrational diagnostic techniques to investigate gas-phase reactive oxygen and nitrogen species(RONS).However,the technique carries intrinsic challenges,particularly in relation to interfering peaks in the spectral *** study explores the interfacial processes that occur when reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated by a non-equilibrium air plasma interact with the metal halide windows of an FTIR gas cell,leading to the appearance and evolution of spurious absorption peaks which complicate spectral *** spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflectance-FTIR spectroscopy were used to elucidate the origin of spurious absorption peaks spanning the 1400-1300 cm^(-1)spectral range as a result of KBr exposure to plasma generated *** was found that plasma exposed KBr contained a lower atomic fraction of Br which was replaced by the NO3nitrate group,the main absorbance peak of which progressively evolved with plasma exposure and affected the window transparency over the corresponding FTIR region.A correlation was revealed between KNO_(3)formation,plasma power and exposure time to a growth and change in molecular vibrational energies corresponding to asymmetric NO3stretching vibrations in the KNO_(3)structure.

关键词： Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma Gas-phase FTIR RONS IR windows Surface functionalisation KBr

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An unhappy triad:Hemochromatosis, porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatocellular carcinoma-A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第13期13卷 1998-2001页

作者： martina T Mogl Andreas Pascher Sabine J Presser Michael Schwabe Peter Neuhaus Natascha C Nuessler Department of Surgery Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum Augustenburger Platz 1 Berlin 13353 Germany

Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are predisposing factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Hemosiderosis has also been described to trigger carcinogenesis. A significant iron overload, as found in hereditary hemochromatosis （HHC）, is a risk factor for HCC and may also promote the symptoms of porphyria cutanea tarda （PCT）. A 68-year old male patient presented to our clinic with a suspected HCC, elevated alpha-fetoprotein but normal liver function tests. He reported a 25 year-old history of vitiligo upon exposure to sunlight. The patient underwent an extended left hemihepatectomy, and the recovery was uneventful, with the exception of a persistent hyperbilirubinemia. Perfusion problems and extrahepatic cholestasis were ruled out by CT-scan with angiography and MR-cholangiopancreatography. However, MR1 showed an iron overload. Histology confirmed the HCC （pT3, pN0, G3, R0） and revealed a portal fibrosis and hemosiderosis. Based on the skin lesions we suspected a PCT that was confirmed by laboratory tests showing elevated porphyrin, uroporphyrin, coproporphyrin and porphobilinogen. Concurrently, molecular diagnostics revealed homozygosity for the C282Y mutation within the hemochromatosis HFE gene. After phlebotomy and normalization of liver function tests the patient was discharged. This is the first case ever showing the unusual combination of HCC in a fibrotic liver with HHC and PCT. This diagnosis not only warrants oncological follow-up but also symptomatic therapy to normalize iron metabolism and thereby improve liver function and alleviate the symptoms of HHC and PCT. Thus progression of fibrosis may be prevented and liver regeneration supported.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hemochromatosis Porphyria cutanea tarda

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Prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 5935-5950页

作者： Antonio Colecchia Ramona Schiumerini Alessandro Cucchetti Matteo Cescon martina Taddia Giovanni Marasco Davide Festi Department of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Internal Medicine University of Bologna 40138 Bologna Italy Department of General Surgery and Transplants University of Bologna 40138 Bologna Italy

The recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma,the sixth most common neoplasm and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide,represents an important clinical problem,since it may occur after both surgical and medical *** recurrence rate involves 2 phases:an early phase and a late *** early phase usually occurs within 2 years after resection;it is mainly related to local invasion and intrahepatic metastases and,therefore,to the intrinsic biology of the *** the other hand,the late phase occurs more than 2 years after surgery and is mainly related to de novo tumor formation as a consequence of the carcinogenic cirrhotic *** recent studies have reported that early and late recurrences may have different risk factors,it is clinically important to recognize these factors in the individual patient as soon as *** aim of this review was,therefore,to identify predicting factors for the recurrence of hepatocellularcarcinoma,by means of invasive and non-invasive methods,according to the different therapeutic strategies *** particular the role of emerging techniques(e.g.,transient elastography)and biological features of hepatocellular carcinoma in predicting recurrence have been *** particular,invasive methods were differentiated from non-invasive ones for research purposes,taking into consideration the emerging role of the genetic signature of hepatocellular carcinoma in order to better allocate treatment strategies and surveillance follow-up in patients with this type of tumor.

关键词： Percutaneous ethanol injection Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatic resection Orthotopic liver transplant Liver biopsy Liver stiffness measurement Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Ethical Implications of Systems Methodology Applied to Industrial Ecology

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Sociology Study 2012年第1期2卷 49-59页

作者： martina Keitsch Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway

The systemic view on industry and on production and consumption pattern is an essential feature of the industrial ecology （IE） concept. One consequence of this view is to investigate industrial flows and consumer activities, and their effects on the environment in order to evaluate and eventually optimize these flows with the help of a systems methodology. Industrial ecology has been developed by engineers and natural scientists and its ethical core canon often manifests in anthropocentric assertions such as harmonizing the contradiction between nature and culture with scientific expertise, appropriate technology and socio-economic management. This paper argues however for a biocentric inspired, normative reading of some characteristics of industrial ecology＇s systems methodology. The presumption for the value of this endeavor is that industrial ecology＇s systems methodology has a potential for developing directions for the design of a possible sustainable world.

关键词： Systems methodology industrial ecology (IE) ethics anthropocentrism comprehensive methods

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Epo/EpoR signaling in osteoprogenitor cells is essential for bone homeostasis and Epo-induced bone loss

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 549-556页

作者： martina Rauner Marta Murray Sylvia Thiele Deepika Watts Drorit Neumann Yankel Gabet Lorenz C.Hofbauer Ben Wielockx Department of Medicine III&Center for Healthy Aging Technische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany lnstitute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Technische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Anatomy&Anthropology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

High erythropoietin(Epo)levels are detrimental to bone health in adult *** mice receiving high doses of Epo lose bone mass due to suppressed bone formation and increased bone *** humans,high serum Epo levels are linked to fractures in elderly *** earlier studies indicated that Epo modulates osteoblast activity;however,direct evidence that Epo acts via its receptor(EpoR)on osteoblasts in vivo is still ***,we created mice lacking EpoR in osteoprogenitor cells to specifically address this *** of EpoR in osteoprogenitors(EpoR:Osx-cre,cKO)starting at 5 weeks of age did not alter red blood cell parameters but increased vertebral bone volume by 25%in 12-week-old female *** was associated with low bone ***(osteoblast number,bone formation rate)and serum(P1NP,osteocalcin)bone formation parameters were all reduced,as were the number of osteoclasts and TRAP serum *** of osteoblast precursors isolated from cKO versus control mice resulted in lower expression of osteoblast marker genes including Runx2,Alp,and Col1a1 on day 21,whereas the mineralization capacity was ***,the RANKL70PG ratio,which determines the osteoclast-supporting potential of osteoblasts,was substantially decreased by 50%.Similarly,coculturing cKO osteoblasts with control or cKO osteoclast precursors produced significantly fewer osteoclasts than coculture with control ***,exposing female mice to Epo pumps(10 U-d_1)for 4 weeks resulted in trabecular bone loss(-25%)and increased osteoclast numbers(1.7-fold)in control mice only,not in cKO *** data show that EpoR in osteoprogenitors is essential in regulating osteoblast function and osteoblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis via the RANKI70PG ***,osteogenic Epo/EpoR signaling controls bone mass maintenance and contributes to Epo-induced bone loss.

关键词： progenitor homeostasis doses

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Photonic crystal slabs in flexible organic light-emitting diodes

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Photonics Research 2015年第2期3卷 32-37页

作者： Arfat Pradana martina Gerken Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel

Photonic crystal slabs integrated into organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) allow for the extraction of waveguide modes and thus an increase in OLED efficiency. We fabricated linear Bragg gratings with a 460-nm period on flexible polycarbonate substrates using UV nanoimprint lithography. A hybrid organic–inorganic nanoimprint resist is used that serves also as a high refractive index layer. OLEDs composed of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS) polymer anode, an organic emission layer [poly(p-phenylene vinylene)(PPV)-derivative 'Super Yellow'], and a metal cathode(Li F/Al) are deposited onto the flexible grating substrates. The effects of photonic crystal slab deformation in a flexible OLED are studied in theory and experiment. The substrate deformation is modeled using the finite-element method. The influence of the change in the grating period and the waveguide thickness under bending are investigated. The change in the grating period is found to be the dominant effect. At an emission angle of 20° a change in the resonance wavelength of 1.2% is predicted for a strain of 1.3% perpendicular to the grating grooves. This value is verified experimentally by analyzing electroluminescence and photoluminescence properties of the fabricated grating OLEDs.

关键词： OLEDs Photonic crystal slabs in flexible organic light-emitting diodes flexible

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Liver pathology in COVID-19 related death and leading role of autopsy in the pandemic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第1期29卷 200-220页

作者： martina Zanon Margherita Neri Stefano Pizzolitto Davide Radaelli Monica Concato Michela Peruch Stefano D'Errico Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences University of TriesteTrieste 34149Italy Department of Medical Sciences University of FerraraFerrara 44121Italy Department of Pathology Santa Maria della Misericordia University HospitalUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Information on liver involvement in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is currently *** To highlight the pathological changes found during the autopsy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive *** A systematic literature search on PubMed was carried out until June 21,*** A literature review reveals that pre-existing liver disease and elevation of liver enzyme in these patients are not common;liver enzyme elevations tend to be seen in those in critical *** the poor expression of viral receptors in the liver,it seems that the virus is able to infect this organ and therefore cause liver ***,to date,the search for the virus inside the liver is not frequent(16%of the cases)and only a small number show the presence of the *** most of the autopsy cases,macroscopic assessment is lacking,while microscopic evaluation of livers has revealed the frequent presence of congestion(42.7%)and steatosis(41.6%).Less frequent is the finding of hepatic inflammation or necrosis(19%)and portal inflammation(18%).The presence of microthrombi,frequently found in the lungs,is infrequent in the liver,with only 12%of cases presenting thrombotic formations within the vascular *** To date,the greatest problem in interpreting these modifications remains the association of the damage with the direct action of the virus,rather than with the inflammation or alterations induced by hypoxia and hypovolemia in patients undergoing oxygen therapy and decompensated patients.

关键词： Liver COVID-19 Autopsy Immunohistochemistry In situ hybridization Immunofluorescence

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Placido disk-based topography versus high-resolution rotating Scheimpflug camera for corneal power measurements in keratoconic and post-LASIK eyes：reliability and agreement

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 453-460页

作者： Rachele R.Penna Ugo de Sanctis martina Catalano Luca Brusasco Federico M.Grignolo Department of Surgical Sciences Eye ClinicUniversity of Torino

AIM：To compare the repeatability/reproducibility of measurement by high-resolution Placido disk-based topography with that of a high-resolution rotating Scheimpflug camera and assess the agreement between the two instruments in measuring corneal power in eyes with keratoconus and post-laser in situ keratomileusis（LASIK）. METHODS：One eye each of 36 keratoconic patients and 20 subjects who had undergone LASIK was included in this prospective observational study. Two independent examiners worked in a random order to take three measurements of each eye with both instruments. Four parameters were measured on the anterior cornea：steep keratometry（Ks）,flat keratometry（Kf）,mean keratometry（Km）,and astigmatism（Ks-Kf）. Intra-examiner repeatability and inter-examiner reproducibility were evaluated by calculating the within-subject standard deviation（Sw）the coefficient of repeatability（R）,the coefficient of variation（Co V）,and the intraclass correlation coefficient（ICC）. Agreement between instruments was tested with the BlandAltman method by calculating the 95% limits of agreement（95% Lo A）.RESULTS：In keratoconic eyes,the intra-examiner and inter-examiner ICC were 〉0.95. As compared with measurement by high-resolution Placido disk-based topography,the intra-examiner R of the high-resolution rotating Scheimpflug camera was lower for Kf（0.32 vs 0.88）,Ks（0.61 vs 0.88）,and Km（0.32 vs 0.84）but higher for Ks-Kf（0.70 vs 0.57）. Inter-examiner R values were lower for all parameters measured using the high-resolution rotating Scheimpflug camera. The 95% Lo A were-1.28 to ＋0.55 for Kf,-1.36 to ＋0.99 for Ks,-1.08 to ＋0.50 for Km,and-1.11 to ＋1.48 for Ks-Kf. In the post-LASIK eyes,the intra-examiner andinter-examiner ICC were 〉0.87 for all parameters. The intra-examiner and inter-examiner R were lower for all parameters measured using the high-resolution rotating Scheimpflug camera. The intra-examiner R was 0.17 vs 0.88 for Kf,0.21 vs 0.88 for Ks,0.17 vs 0.86 for Km,and 0.28 vs 0.33 for Ks-

关键词： keratoconus post-LASIK corneal power measurement Placido disk-based topography Scheimpflug camera

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Colorectal cancer screening from 45 years of age: Thesis, antithesis and synthesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第21期25卷 2565-2580页

作者： Alessandro Mannucci Raffaella Alessia Zuppardo Riccardo Rosati Milena Di Leo José Perea Giulia martina Cavestro Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit Division of Experimental OncologyVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilan 20132Italy Department of Surgery Vita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilan 20132Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Division of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research HospitalDepartment of Biomedical ScienceHumanitas UniversityMilan 20090Italy Surgery Department “Fundación Jiménez Díaz” University HospitalMadrid 28040Spain Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Madrid 28040Spain

Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in patients younger than 50 years are increasing, but screening before the age of 50 is not offered in Europe. Advancedstage diagnosis and mortality from colorectal cancer before 50 years of age are increasing. This is not a detection-bias effect;it is a real issue affecting the entire population. Three independent computational models indicate that screening from 45 years of age would yield a better balance of benefits and risks than the current start at 50 years of age. Experimental data support these predictions in a sex- and race-independent manner. Earlier screening is seemingly affordable, with minimal impediments to providing younger adults with colonoscopy. Indeed, the American Cancer Society has already started to recommend screening from 45 years of age in the United States. Implementing early screening is a societal and public health problem. The three independent computational models that suggested earlier screening were criticized for assuming perfect compliance. Guidelines and recommendations should be derived from well-collected and reproducible data, and not from mathematical predictions. In the era of personalized medicine, screening decisions might not be based solely on age, and sophisticated prediction software may better guide screening. Moreover, early screening might divert resources away from older individuals with greater biological risks. Finally, it is still unknown whether early colorectal cancer is part of a continuum of disease or a biologically distinct disease and, as such, it might not benefit from screening at all. The increase in early-onset colorectal cancer incidence and mortality demonstrates an obligation to take actions. Earlier screening would save lives, and starting at the age of 45 years may be a robust screening option.

关键词： Colonoscopy Guidelines Pros and cons Early onset Early-onset colorectal cancer

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Azathioprine monotherapy withdrawal in inflammatory bowel diseases: A retrospective mono-centric study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第27期29卷 4334-4343页

作者： martina Crepaldi Daria Maniero Alessandro Massano Margherita Pavanato Brigida Barberio Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino Fabiana Zingone Department of Surgery Oncologyand GastroenterologyUniversity of PaduaPadua 35128Italy

BACKGROUND There is no consensus on the recommended duration of and optimal time to stop azathioprine(AZA)therapy in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Determining the optimal duration and cessation time can help to balance the risks of long-term intake with the possibility of relapse after *** To describe the events following AZA *** Retrospective analysis was performed to examine data from adult patients affected by IBD who were followed at the University of Padua and had started but then discontinued AZA between 1995 and *** on therapy duration,reasons for cessation,and type of relapse after cessation were *** regression models were used to estimate the risk of relapse in different *** A total of 133 ulcerative colitis patients and 141 Crohn’s disease patients were *** with AZA was stopped in the 1st year in approximately 34%of patients but was continued for more than 10 years in approximately 10%of *** discontinuation was due to primary failure or disease relapse in 30%of patients and due to disease remission in 25.2%of *** of the remaining cases stopped AZA therapy due to side effects(primarily clinical intolerance,cytopenia,and pancreatic disease).Patients who stopped AZA for clinical remission had an 83%lower risk of relapse during the observation time than other groups,with a relapse-free rate of 89%after 1 year and 79%after 2 *** AZA administration is effective and safe,but it requires careful monitoring for potential minor and major side *** 10%of patients who achieved remission with AZA needed a new treatment within 1 year of drug interruption.

关键词： Azathioprine Inflammatory bowel diseases Ulcerative Colitis Crohn's Disease Relapse Side effects

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