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Porcine model characterizing various parameters assessing the outcome after acetaminophen intoxication induced acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第9期23卷 1576-1585页

作者： Karolin Thiel Wilfried Klingert Kathrin Klingert Matthias H Morgalla martin u schuhmann Pamela Leckie Yalda Sharifi Nathan A Davies Rajiv Jalan Andreas Peter Christian Grasshoff Alfred Konigsrainer martin Schenk Christian Thiel Department of General Visceral and Transplant SurgeryTuebingen University Hospital Department of Anaesthesiology Tuebingen University Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Tuebingen University Hospital Institute for Liver and Digestive Health University College London Division of Endocrinology DiabetologyAngiologyNephrologyPathobiochemistry and Clinical ChemistryDepartment of Internal MedicineTuebingen University Hospital

To investigate the changes of hemodynamic and laboratory parameters during the course of acute liver failure following acetaminophen *** pigs underwent a midline laparotomy following jejunal catheter placement for further acetaminophen intoxication and positioning of a portal vein Doppler flow-probe. Acute liver failure was realized by intrajejunal acetaminophen administration in six animals, two animals were sham operated. All animals were invasively monitored and received standardized intensive care support throughout the study. Portal blood flow, hemodynamic and ventilation parameters were continuously recorded. Laboratory parameters were analysed every eight hours. Liver biopsies were sampled every 24 h following intoxication and upon *** liver failure (ALF) occurred after 28 ± 5 h resulted in multiple organ failure and death despite maximal support after further 21 ± 1 h (study end). Portal blood flow (baseline 1100 ± 156 mL/min) increased to a maximum flow of 1873 ± 175 mL/min at manifestation of ALF, which was significantly elevated (P udy end. Thrombocyte values (baseline 307 × 10up>3up>/µL ± 34 × 10up>3up>/µL) of intoxicated animals declined slowly to values of 145 × 10up>3up>/µL ± 46 × 10up>3up>/µL when liver failure occurred. Subsequent appearance of severe thrombocytopenia in liver failure resulted in values of 11 × 10up>3up>/µL ± 3 × 10up>3up>/µL preceding fatality within few hours which was significant (P > 0.01).CONCLuSIONDeclining portal blood flow and subsequent severe thrombocytopenia after acetaminophen intoxication precede fatality in a porcine acute liver failure model.

关键词： Acetaminophen intoxication Acute liver failure Portal blood flow Thrombocytopenia Animal model Porcine model

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A Survey of the L1 Scheme in the Discretisation of Time-Fractional Problems

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2022年第4期15卷 1173-1192页

作者： martin Stynes Applied and Computational Mathematics Division Beijing Computational Science Research CenterBeijing 100193China

A survey is given of convergence results that have been proved when the L1 scheme is used to approximate the Caputo time derivative D_(t)^(α)(where 0<α<1)in initial-boundary value problems governed by D_(t)^(α)u−... 详细信息

A survey is given of convergence results that have been proved when the L1 scheme is used to approximate the Caputo time derivative D_(t)^(α)(where 0undary value problems governed by D_(t)^(α)u−△u=f and similar equations,while taking into account the weak singularity that is present in typical solutions of such *** aspects of these analyses are outlined,such as global and local convergence bounds and the techniques used to derive them,fast implementation of the L1 scheme,semilinear problems,multi-term time derivatives,α-robustness,a posteriori error analysis,and two modified L1 schemes that achieve better *** fifty references are provided in the bibliography,more than half of which are from the period 2019-2022.

关键词： L1 scheme fractional derivative survey

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Therapeutic cell engineering:designing programmable synthetic genetic circuits in mammalian cells

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Protein & Cell 2022年第7期13卷 476-489页

作者： Maysam Mansouri martin Fussenegger Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH ZurichMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerlandDepartment of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerland Faculty of Science University of BaselMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerland

Cell therapy approaches that employ engineered mam-malian cells for on-demand production of therapeutic agents in the patient's body are moving beyond proof-of-concept in translational *** therapeutic cells can be customized to sense user-defined signals,pro-cess them,and respond in a programmable and pre-dictable *** this paper,we introduce the available tools and strategies employed to design therapeutic ***,various approaches to control cell behav-iors,including open-loop and closed-loop systems,are *** also highlight therapeutic applications of engineered cells for early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the clinic and in experimental dis-ease ***,we consider emerging technolo-gies such as digital devices and their potential for incorporation into future cell-based therapies.

关键词： synthetic biology cell-based therapy cell engineering therapeutic gene expression controllable genetic circuits

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Is sympatric speciation in nature only possible with micro-parapatry? A new case study of glacial lake cyprinid fishes

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 21-23页

作者： Christopher H.martin Department of Integrative Biology University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California

Although numerous theoretical models of the feasibility and necessary conditions for sympatric speciation abound in the literature,clear-cut examples in nature remain ***,as always in speciation research,this statement strongly depends on your definition of sympatric speciation [1-3].If using the biogeographic definition of sympatric speciation as divergence between individuals in a population within’cruising range’of each other [4],

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Evaluation for Small Visual Difference Between Conforming Meshes on Strain Field

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第1期24卷 65-75页

作者：边哲胡事民 Ralph R.martin Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University School of Computer Science Cardiff UniversityCardiffU.K.

This paper gives a method of quantifying small visual differences between 3D mesh models with conforming topology, based on the theory of strain fields. Strain field is a geometric quantity in elasticity which is used to describe the deformation of elastomer. In this paper we consider the 3D models as objects with elasticity. The further demonstrations are provided： the first is intended to give the reader a visual impression of how our measure works in practice; and the second is to give readers a visual impression of how our measure works in evaluating filter algorithms. Our experiments show that our difference estimates are well correlated with human perception of differences. This work has applications in the evaluation of 3D mesh watermarking, 3D mesh compression reconstruction, and 3D mesh filtering.

关键词： 3D conforming meshes mesh comparison perception strain fields

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A LIOuVILLE THEOREM FOR STATIONARY INCOMPRESSIBLE FLuIDS OF VON MISES TYPE

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2019年第1期39卷 1-10页

作者： martin FuCHS Jan MüLLER Fachbereich 6.1 Mathematik Universit?t des Saarlandes

We consider entire solutions u of the equations describing the stationary flow of a generalized Newtonian fluid in 2 D concentrating on the question, if a Liouville-type result holds in the sense that the boundedness of u implies its constancy. A positive answer is true for p-fluids in the case p > 1(including the classical Navier-Stokes system for the choice p = 2), and recently we established this Liouville property for the Prandtl-Eyring fluid model,for which the dissipative potential has nearly linear growth. Here we finally discuss the case of perfectly plastic fluids whose flow is governed by a von Mises-type stress-strain relation formally corresponding to the case p = 1. It turns out that, for dissipative potentials of linear growth, the condition of μ-ellipticity with exponent μ ufficient for proving the Liouville theorem.

关键词： generalized Newtonian fluids perfectly plastic fluids von Mises flow Liouville theorem

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3D Morphing using Strain Field Interpolation

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第1期22卷 147-155页

作者：严寒冰胡事民 Ralph R martin National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China Beijing 100029 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Computer Science Cardiff University Cardiff U.K.

In this paper, we present a new technique based on strain fields to carry out 3D shape morphing for applications in computer graphics and related areas. Strain is an important geometric quantity used in mechanics to describe the deformation of objects. We apply it in a novel way to analyze and control deformation in morphing. using position vector fields, the strain field relating source and target shapes can be obtained. By interpolating this strain field between zero and a final desired value we can obtain the position field for intermediate shapes. This method ensures that the 3D morphing process is smooth. Locally, volumes suffer minimal distortion, and no shape jittering or wobbling happens： other methods do not necessarily have these desirable properties. We also show how to control the method so that changes of shape （in particular, size changes） vary linearly with time.

关键词： morphing strain field interpolation

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Second-order error analysis of the averaged L1 scheme L1 for time-fractional initial-value and subdiffusion problems

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第7期67卷 1641-1664页

作者： Jinye Shen Fanhai Zeng martin Stynes School of Mathematics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu611130China School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan250100China Applied and Computational Mathematics Division Beijing Computational Science Research CenterBeijing100193China

Fractional initial-value problems(IVPs) and time-fractional initial-boundary value problems(IBVPs), each with a Caputo temporal derivative of order α ∈(0, 1), are considered. An averaged variant of the well-known L1 scheme is proved to be O(N^(-2)) convergent for IVPs on suitably graded meshes with N points, thereby improving the O(N^(-(2-α))) convergence rate of the standard L1 scheme. The analysis relies on a delicate decomposition of the temporal truncation error that yields a sharp dependence of the order of convergence on the degree of mesh grading used. This averaged L1 scheme can be combined with a finite difference or piecewise linear finite element discretization in space for IBVPs, and under a restriction on the temporal mesh width, one gets again O(N^(-2)) convergence in time, together with O(h^(2)) convergence in space,where h is the spatial mesh width. Numerical experiments support our results.

关键词： time-fractional subdiffusion averaged L1 scheme

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On ultrahigh temperature crustal metamorphism:Phase equilibria,trace element thermometry,bulk composition,heat sources,timescales and tectonic settings

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 311-356页

作者： David E.Kelsey martin Hand Department of Geology and Geophysics School of Physical SciencesThe University of Adelaide

ultrahigh temperature （uHT） metamorphism is the most thermally extreme form of regional crustal metamorphism, with temperatures exceeding 900 ℃. uHT crustal metamorphism is recognised in more than 50 localities globally in the metamorphic rock record and is accepted as ＇normal＇ in the spectrum of regional crustal processes. uHT metamorphism is Wpically identified on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages such as sapphirine ＋ quartz, orthopyroxene ＋ sillimanite ＋ quartz and osumilite in Mg-Al- rich rock compositions, now usually coupled with pseudosection-based thermobarometry using internally-consistent thermodynamic data sets and/or Al-in-Orthopyroxene and ternary feldspar thermobarometry. Significant progress in the understanding of regional uHT metamorphism in recent years includes：（1） development of a ferric iron activity-composition thermodynamic model for sapphirine, allowing phase diagram calculations for oxidised rock compositions; （2） quantification of uHT conditions via trace element thermometry, with Zr-in-rutile more commonly recording higher temperatures than Ti-in-zircon. Rutile is likely to be stable at peak uHT conditions whereas zircon may only grow as uHT rocks are cooling. In addition, the extent to which Zr diffuses out of rutile is controlled by chemical communication with zircon; （3） more fully recognising and utilising temperature-dependent thermal properties of the crust, and the possible range of heat sources causing metamorphism in geodynamic modelling studies; （4） recognising that crust partially melted either in a previous event or earlier in a long-duration event has greater capacity than fertile, unmelted crust to achieve uHT conditions due to the heat energy consumed by partial melting reactions; （5） more strongly linking u-Pb geochronological data from zircon and monazite to P-T points or path segments through using Y ＋ REE partitioning between accessory and major phases, as well as phase diagrams incorporating Zr and REE; and （

关键词： Sapphirine + quartz P-T pseudosections Zr-in-rutile Ti-in-zircon u-Pb geochronology Subduction

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Particle Size Optimization of Thermochemical Salt Hydrates for High Energy Density Thermal Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 326-333页

作者： Andrew martin Drew Lilley Raνi Prasher Sumanjeet Kaur Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical Engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Thermal energy storage(TES)solutions offer opportunities to reduce energy consumption,greenhouse gas emissions,and ***,they can help reduce the peak load and address the intermittency of renewable energy sources by time shifting the load,which are critical toward zero energy *** materials(TCMs)as a class of TES undergo a solid-gas reversible chemical reaction with water vapor to store and release energy with high storage capacities(600 kWh m^(-3))and negligible self-discharge that makes them uniquely suited as compact,stand-alone units for daily or seasonal ***,TCMs suffer from instabilities at the material(salt particles)and reactor level(packed beds of salt),resulting in poor multi-cycle efficiency and high-levelized cost of *** this study,a model is developed to predict the pulverization limit or Rcrit of various salt hydrates during thermal *** is critical as it provides design rules to make mechanically stable TCM composites as well as enables the use of more energy-efficient manufacturing process(solid-state mixing)to make the *** model is experimentally validated on multiple TCM salt hydrates with different water content,and effect of Rcrit on hydration and dehydration kinetics is also investigated.

关键词： high energy density hydration kinetics long-term cycling thermal energy storage thermochemical materials

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