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Temporo-spatial dynamics and behavioural patterns of 2012 cholera epidemic in the African mega-city of Conakry,Guinea

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 145-154页

作者： Alexandre Blake Veronique Sarr Keita Delphine Sauvageot Mamadou Saliou Berthe Marie Njanpop Fode Sory Bertrand Sudre Koivogui Lamine martin Mengel Bradford DGessner Keita Sakoba Agence de Medecine préventive ParisFrance Division prevention et Lutte contre la Maladie(DPLM) Ministere de la santéPublique et de l’Hygiene Publique ConakryConakryGuinea Institut National de Sante Publique(INSP) ConakryGuinea Franche-Comtéuniversity(UMR 6249 chrono-environnement) BesançonFrance.

Background:Cholera is endemic in Guinea,having suffered consecutive outbreaks from 2004 to 2008 followed by a lull until the 2012 *** we describe the temporal-spatial and behavioural characteristics of cholera cases in Conakry during a three-year period,including the large-scale 2012 ***:We used the national and African Cholera Surveillance Network(Africhol)surveillance data collected from every cholera treatment centre in Conakry city from August 2011 to December *** prevalence of suspect and confirmed cholera cases,the case fatality ratio(CFR),and the factors associated with suspected cholera were described according to three periods:pre-epidemic(A),epidemic 2012(B)and post epidemic(C).Weekly attack rates and temporal-spatial clustering were calculated at municipality level for period *** was confirmed by culture at the cholera national reference ***:A total of 4559 suspect cases were reported:66,4437,and 66 suspect cases in periods A,B and C,*** the 204 suspect cases with culture results available,6%,60%,and 70%were confirmed in periods A,B,and C,*** 0.3%,the CFR was significantly lower in period B than in periods A(7.6%)and C(7.1%).The overall attack rate was 0.28%in period B,ranging from 0.17%to 0.31%across ***,a cluster of cases was identified in two districts in the northern part of *** 14%,rice water stools were less frequent in period A than in period B and C(78%and 84%).Dehydration(31%vs 94%and 89%)and coma(0.4%vs 3.1%and 2.9%)were lower during period B than in periods A and *** treatment of drinking water was less frequent in period A,while there were more reports of recent travel in period ***:The epidemic dynamic and the sociological description of suspect cases before,during,and after the large-scale epidemic revealed that the Vibrio cholerae was already present before the ***,it appeared that infected individuals react

关键词： Cholera Space-time clustering Guinea

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High-resolution patterns of palaeoenvironmental changes during the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Climate Anomaly in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1461-1475页

作者： Daniel Castro martin Souto Maria Isabel Fraga Eduardo Garcia-Rodeja Sebastian Perez-Diaz Jose Antonio Lopez Saez Xabier Pontevedra-Pombal Dpto.Botanica Fac.BioloxiaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain Dpto.Edafoloxia e Quimica Agricola Fac.BioloxiaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain Dpto.Geografia Urbanismo y Ordenacion Del TerritorioETS CaminosCanales y PuertosUniversidad de CantabriaSpain GI Arqueobiologia Instituto de HistoriaCCHS–CSICMadridSpain

to identify plant macrofossils,estimate peat humification and calculate hydroclimatic indices based on current bog species,with the overall aim of determining the climate conditions associated with evolution of the bog during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice *** proxies,together with historical and climate data,proved to be good indicators of the changes in bog surface ***:of the core led to identification of 9 different periods:two corresponding to the so-called Medieval Climate Anomaly(930 to 1345 AD,1075–665 calibrated years before present[*** BP]);four corresponding to the Little Ice Age(1345 to 1905 AD;665–105 cal yr BP);and three corresponding to the last century(1905 to 2000 AD).The findings revealed a generally dry climate that lasted until the 14th century,followed by a transition to a long period with a more humid,but characteristically very variable climate,which ended at the beginning of the 20th century and was followed by a rapid transition to more humid conditions and finally,a change to drier *** Medieval Climate Anomaly was indicated by the abundance of dry-adapted mosses(Leucobryum glaucum,Hypnum cupressiforme)and characterized by warm dry conditions and high levels of peat humification,with alternating wet *** LIA period was dated by a large abundance of Sphagnum species(an indicator of wetness)and a gradual increase in the humification ***,four different climate phases were differentiated in this ***-resolution reconstruction of the evolution of the CVM bog and the multiproxy approach have together enabled a more detailed identification of climatic variations in this area,which are generally consistent with the global models,as well as better definition of the elusive climatic oscillations in the last millennium and confirmation of the importance of local modulation of global *** study provides new information and a detailed chronology of climatic events that will hel

关键词： Last millennium Raised bog Plant macrofossil Humification analysis Southwest Europe Climate change

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New Method and Instrumentation to Measure and Characterize Carbonaceous Aerosols

New Method and Instrumentation to Measure and Characterize C...

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第十三届全国气溶胶会议

作者： martin Rigler L.Drinovec A.Vlachou G.Stefenelli J.G.Slowik A.S.H.prév?t C.Hüglin A.D.A.Hansen J.L.Jaffrezo I.Stavroulas J.Sciare I.Kranjc J.Tur?i? Gri?a Mo?nik Jo?ef Stefan Institute

The carbonaceous aerosol fraction often dominates the concentrations of fine particulate matter（PM）.They impact air quality, visibility, the climate, cloud nucleation, the planetary radiation balance, and public *** composition is highly heterogeneous and presents challenges for the *** carbonaceous fractions are frequently separated into organic carbon（OC） and elemental carbon（EC） based on their volatility using thermal-optical *** the results for OC and especially EC concentrations vary significantly for different thermal evolution protocols（Bae et al., 2009）, the total carbon（TC） concentration is very consistent between methods（Karanasiou et al., 2015）.

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Quantified gene expression levels for phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ metabolizing enzyme and estrogen receptor levels in benign prostate from cohorts designated as high-risk （UK） versus low-risk （India）for adenocarcinoma at this organ site：a preliminary study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 203-214页

作者： Paras B. Singh Narasimhan Ragavan Katherine M. Ashton prabir Basu Sayeed M. Nadeem Caroline M. Nicholson R. K. Gopala Krishna Shyam S. Matanhelia Francis L. martin Centre for Biophotonics Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Fulwood Preston PR2 9HT UK Wockhardt Hospitals ＆ Kidney Institute Kolkata 700029 India

Risk of clinically significant prostate adenocarcinoma （CAP） varies worldwide,although there is a uniform prevalence of latent disease. A hormone-responsive tissue,the prostate possesses the metabolizing capacity to biotransform a variety of environmental procarcinogens or endogenous hormones. Whether such metabolizing capacity or estrogen receptor （ER） status underlies these demographic differences in susceptibility to CaP remains unclear. With appropriate ethical permission,verified-benign tissues were obtained following transurethral resection of the prostate from a high-risk region （n = 12 UK-resident Caucasians） and a typically low-risk region （n = 14 India-resident Asians）. Quantitative gene expression analysis was employed for cytochrome P450 （CYP）1B1,N-acetyltransferase （NAT）1,NAT2,catechol-O-methyl transferase （ COMT）,sulfotransferase （ SULT） 1A1,ERα,ERβ and aromatase （CYP To quantify the presence or absence of CYP1B1,ERα or ERβ,and to identify ther in situ localization,immunohistochemistry was carried out. The two cohorts had reasonably well-matched serum levels of prostate-specific antigen or hormones. Expression levels for the candidate genes investigated were ***,clear differences in protein levels for CYP1B1 and ERβ were noted. Staining for CYP1B1 tended to be nuclear-associated in the basal glandular epithelial cells,and in UK-resident Caucasian tissues was present at a higher （P = 0.006） level compared with that from India-resident Asians. In contrast,a higher level of positive ERβ staining was noted in prostates from India-resident Asians. These study findings point to differences in metabolizing capacity and ER status in benign prostate tissues that might modulate susceptibility to the emergence of clinically significant CaP in demographically distinct populations.

关键词： CYP1B1 estrogen receptor immunohistochemistry inter-ethnic prostate real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

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The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage （Lower Jurassic）, Wine Haven, Yorkshire, UK

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Episodes 2006年第2期29卷 93-106页

作者： Christian Meister martin Aberhan Joachim Blau Jean-Louis Dommergues Susanne Feist-Burkhardt Ernie A. Hailwood Malcom Hart Stephen P. Hesselbos Mark W. Hounslow Mark Hylton Nicol Morton Kevin Page Greg D. price Département de Géologie et de Paléontologie 1 route de Malagnou c.p. 6434 CH-1211 Genève 6 Switzerland Museum der Naturkunde Zentralinstitut der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin Institut für Palaiontolgie Invalidenstr. 43 D-10115 Berlin Germany Institut für Geowissenschaften Diezstrasse 15 D-35390 Giessen Germany Centre des Sciences de la Terre de I＇Université de Bourgogne UMR CNRS 5561： Paléontologie analytique et Géologie sédimentaire 6 Boulevard Gabriel F-21100 Dijon. France Department of Palaeontology The Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK Core Magnetics The Green Sedbergh Cumbria LA10 5JS UK Department of Geological Sciences University of Plymouth Drake Circus Plymouth Devon PL4 8AA UK Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OXI 3PR UK CEMP Geography Dept. Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster UK. LA1 4YB Le Chardon Quarrier Brugière F-07200 Vogüé France

Following votes by the Pliensbachian Working Group, the Jurassic Subcommission and the International Commission on Stratigraphy, IUGS ratified the proposed Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage (Lower Jurassic) at the base of bed 73b in the Wine Haven section, Robin Hood's Bay, Yorkshire Coast, UK. This level contains the characteristic ammonite association Bifericeras donovani Dommergues and Meister and Apoderoceras sp. Complementary data include: a) Strontium-isotope stratigraphy, based on analysis of belemnites which yield a calcite 87Sr/86Sr ratio for the boundary level of 0.707425 and data supporting interpretation of continuous sedimentation; b) Belemnite oxygen-isotope data indicate a significant temperature drop (∼5 °C) across the boundary at this locality; c) A Transgressive Systems Tract (TST) initiated in the Aplanatum Subzone (uppermost Sinemurian) continues into the Lowermost Pliensbachian (Taylori Subzone); it forms part of a transgressive facies cycle sensu Graciansky et al. (1998); d) The Upper Sinemurian to lowermost Pliensbachian at Wine Haven section has a predominantly normal magnetic polarity, but two discrete reversed polarity magnetozones are present. The first spans much of the latest Sinemurian Aplanatum Subzone. It terminates prove a valuable chronostratigraphic marker. The second extends from the latest Oxynotum Subzone probably through to the lower part of the Raricostatum Subzone.

关键词：普连斯巴奇阶侏罗纪 GSSP 全球界线层型剖面点

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An automated, 0.5 Hz nano-foil target positioning system for intense laser plasma experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 52-56页

作者： Ying Gao Jianhui Bin Daniel Haffa Christian Kreuzer Jens Hartmann martin Speicher Florian H.Lindner Tobias M.Ostermayr Peter Hilz Thomas F.Rsch Sebastian Lehrack Franz Englbrecht Sebastian Seuferling Max Gilljohann Hao Ding Wenjun Ma Katia Parodi Jorg Schreiber Lehrstuhl fur Medizinphysik Fakultat fUr PhysikLudwig-Maximilians-Universitat MiinchenAm Coulombwall 1D-85748GarchingGermany Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Quantenoptik D-85748 GarchingGermany peking University Beijing 100871PR China

We report on a target system supporting automated positioning of nano-targets with a precision resolution of 4 μm in three dimensions. It relies on a confocal distance sensor and a microscope. The system has been commissioned to position nanometer targets with 1 Hz repetition rate. Integrating our prototype into the table-top ATLAS 300 TW-laser system at the Laboratory for Extreme Photonics in Garching, we demonstrate the operation of a 0.5 Hz laser-driven proton source with a shot-to-shot variation of the maximum energy about 27% for a level of confidence of 0.95. The reason of laser shooting experiments operated at 0.5 Hz rather than 1 Hz is because the synchronization between the nano-foil target positioning system and the laser trigger needs to improve.

关键词： high intense laser nm thick target positioning system repetition rated laser-driven ion source

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Clinical significance of the loss of CD20 antigen on tumor cells in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第3期4卷 710-718页

作者： Jean-Marie Michot Alice Buet-Elfassy Maxime Annereau Julien Lazarovici Alina Danu Clémentine Sarkozy Claude Chahine Camille Bigenwald Jacques Bosq Julien Rossignol Patricia Romano-martin Capucine Baldini David Ghez Peggy Dartigues Christophe Massard Vincent Ribrag Gustave Roussy UniversitéParis-SaclayDépartement des Innovations Thérapeutiques et Essais PrécocesVillejuif 94800France Gustave Roussy UniversitéParis-SaclayPharmacy DepartementVillejuif 94800France Gustave Roussy UniversitéParis-SaclayDepartement of HematologyVillejuif 94800France Gustave Roussy UniversitéParis-SaclayDepartement of PathologyVillejuif 94800France

Aim:Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody is a cornerstone therapy for follicular *** anti-CD20 therapy,a potential decrease in CD20 antigen,and therefore a loss of the tumor target might be ***,the incidence and clinical significance of CD20 loss on tumor cells in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma are *** study aims to investigate the incidence and outcome of patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma patients harboring the loss of the tumor target,***:All consecutive adult patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma referred to the Early Drug Department at Gustave Roussy were *** main objectives were to assess the incidence and prognosis of the loss in expression of CD20 antigen on the surface of tumor cells on patient ***:Over the study period 2013-2018,131 patients were screened for clinical trials with B-cell malignancies in the early drug department of Gustave Roussy in ***-four patients presented with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma and 32 had tumor biopsies at the time of relapse that were retained for *** median(range)age was 67.5 years(55.3-75.3)and the median number of prior anti-cancer systemic therapies was 3(2-4).At the time of relapse,CD20 expression was positive in 84%of tumors(n=27)and negative in 16%of tumors(n=5).At a median follow-up of 18.3(0.6-83.3)months,CD20 negativity was associated with a poorer prognosis with a median overall survival of 8.9 months(95%CI:2.4-19.1)in comparison to CD20 positive patients(28.3 months,95%CI:25.1-75.3 months,P=0.019).Conclusion:The loss of the tumor target antigen,CD20,occurred in 16%of patients with relapse or refractory follicular *** to confounding factors in patients who received anti-CD20 immunotherapy,it was not possible to formally establish the prognostic significance of CD20 ***,we suggest that a check for CD20 antigen positivity nevertheless

关键词： Follicular lymphoma CD20 tumor antigen anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody cancer drug resistance

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Packaging and Performance of 980nm Broad Area Semiconductor Lasers

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电子与封装 2006年第3期6卷 6-14页

作者： XingshengLiu LawrenceC.Hughes MichaelH.Rasmussen martin H.Hu Venkata A Bhagavatula Ronald W.Davis Sean Coleman Rajaram Bhat Chung-En Zah Science ＆ Technology Center SP-PR-02-1 Corning NY 14831 U.S.A

High power broad area semiconductor lasers have found increasing applications in pumping of solid state laser systems and fiber amplifiers, frequency doubling, medical systems and material processing. Packaging including the assembly design, process and thermal management, has a significant impact on the optical performance and reliability of a high power broad area laser. In this paper, we introduce the package structures and assembling process of 980nm broad area lasers and report the performances including output power, thermal behavior and far *** will report two types of high power broad area laser assemblies. One is a microchannel liquid cooled assembly and the other is a conduction cooled CT-mount assembly .Optical powers of 15W and 10W were achieved from a 980nm broad area laser with a 120μm stripe width in a microchannel liquid cooled assembly and conduction cooled CT-mount assembly, respectively .Furthermore, a high power of 6.5 W out of fiber was demonstrated from a pigtailed, fully packaged butterfly-type module without TEC ( Thermoelectric cooler ).The measurement results showed that thermal management is the key in not only improving output power, but also significantly improving beam divergence and far field distribution. The results also showed that the die attach solder can significant impact the reliability of high power broad area lasers and that indium solder is not suitable for high power laser applications due to electromigration at high current densities and high temperatures.

关键词：半导体激光器封装性能电迁移激光组装测试

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Study on the Correlation between the Detection of Tumor Markers in Abdominal Effusion and Chemotherapy Sensitivity

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Advances in Modern Oncology Research 2019年第4期5卷 25-28页

作者： martin Gummert Namshin Kim Department of Community and Family Medicine AIIMSBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Since most patients with ovarian cancer are in the advanced stage when they are prone to recurrence,it is difficult to detect and treat ovarian *** are tumor serum markers in the ***,the study explored the correlation between the serum marker levels of the ascites and chemotherapy sensitivity in patients with ovarian malignant ***,50 patients with nested cancer were selected as research subjects and received treatment,and then immediately 200 mg carboplatin+100 mL normal saline was placed in the abdominal cavity of all patients,which was equivalent to an intraperitoneal ***+docetaxel combined with intravenous chemotherapy was started 3 weeks after surgery,and chemotherapy was given every 3 weeks for a total of 5 to 6 *** serum levels of CA125,CA199,CEA and AFP in peripheral blood and peripheral blood were determined by *** results showed that the levels of CA125,CA199,CEA and AFP in serum and ascites after chemotherapy were lower than before chemotherapy(Ppr,12 SD,2 PD)was 72.00%.Therefore,patients with ovarian malignant tumors had a good short-term curative effect after chemotherapy,which can reduce the ascites and serum levels of CA125,CA199,CEA,AFP for clinical reference value dual-mode MRI nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy showed good application potential in tumor treatment and diagnosis.

关键词： Chemotherapy sensitivity Tumor markers Malignant ovarian cancer

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VP16—213在肝癌治疗中的作用

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医学研究杂志 1987年第1期 13-13页

作者： W Shiu C martin 香港中文大学

1985年10月在香港威尔士医院开始进行VP16-213治疗肝癌的研究.病人的选择标准是:临床肝脏肿大伴有阳性组织学证据或AFP>500ng/1,Karnofsky行为状态计分等于或高于50.治疗方法:VP16-213 200mg/m~2×3天(第1-3天),每三周重复,最大剂量为... 详细信息

1985年10月在香港威尔士医院开始进行VP16-213治疗肝癌的研究.病人的选择标准是:临床肝脏肿大伴有阳性组织学证据或AFP>500ng/1,Karnofsky行为状态计分等于或高于50.治疗方法:VP16-213 200mg/m~2×3天(第1-3天),每三周重复,最大剂量为八个疗程.评价标准:肋缘下及剑突下肝脏肿大缩小50％以上者为部分缓解(pr),增大25％以上为进展.本研究组共收治14例肝癌病人,其中6例的结果如下:

关键词： VP16 平均疗程

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