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FGFR3 alterations in bladder cancer:Sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapies

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Cancer Communications 2024年第10期44卷 1189-1208页

作者： Maxim Noeraparast Katarina Krajina Renate Pichler dora Nieders-Beke Shahrokh F Shariat Viktor Grünwald Sascha Ahyai martin Pichler Translational Oncology II.Med Clinics Hematology and OncologyAugsburgGermany department of Urology Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria department of Hematology and Oncology Clinics OttakringViennaAustria department of Urology Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology Clinic for UrologyClinic for Medical OncologyUniversity Hospital EssenHufelandstrase 55EssenGermany department of Urology Medical University of GrazGrazAustria

In this review,we revisit the pivotal role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3(FGFR3)in bladder cancer(BLCA),underscoring its prevalence in both nonmuscle-invasive and muscle-invasive forms of the ***3 mutations in up to half of BLCAs play a well-established role in tumorigenesis,shaping distinct tumor initiation patterns and impacting the tumor microenvironment(TME).Emphasizing the importance of considering epithelial-mesenchymal transition profile and TME status,we revisit their relevance in predicting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in FGFR3-mutated *** writing highlights the initially promising yet transient efficacy of the FGFR inhibitor Erdafitinib on FGFR3-mutated BLCA,stressing the pressing need to unravel resistance mechanisms and identify co-targets for future combinatorial studies.A thorough analysis of recent preclinical and clinical evidence reveals resistance mechanisms,including secondarymutations,epigenetic alterations in pathway effectors,phenotypic heterogeneity,and population-specific variations within FGFR3 mutational ***,we discuss the potential of combinatorial treatments and concepts like synthetic lethality for discovering more effective targeted therapies against FGFR3-mutated BLCA.

关键词： Bladder Cancer Erdafitinib FGFR inhibition FGFR3 mutations Resistance to Erdafitinib Tumor Microenvironment

Enhancing 3d Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara Alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi Christian J.Cyron Roland C.Aydin martin Ritter Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3d)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3d reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3d reconstruction FIB tomography

Incidence of respiratory infections and SARS-CoV-2 is higher during contact phases in student rugby players–Lessons learnt from COVId-19 risk mitigation strategies–AWARE V

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 252-259页

作者： Carolette Snyders Nicola Sewry Wayne derman Maaike Eken Esme Jordaan Sonja Swanevelder martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa Section Sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa South Africa Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine Department of ExerciseSport and Lifestyle MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversitySouth Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilSouth Africa Statistics and Population Studies department University of the Western CapeSouth Africa

The incidence of acute respiratory infections(ARinf),including SARS-CoV-2,in unvaccinated student rugby players during phases from complete lockdown during the COVId-19 pandemic to returning to competition is *** aim of the study was to determine the incidence of ARinf(including SARS-CoV-2)during noncontact and contact phases during the COVId-19 pandemic to evaluate risk mitigation *** this retrospective cohort study,319 top tier rugby players from 17 universities completed an online *** was reported during 4 phases over 14 months(April 2020–May 2021):phase 1(individual training),phase 2(non-contact team training),phase 3(contact team training)and phase 4(competition).Incidence(per 1000 player days)and Incidence Ratio(IR)for‘All ARinf’,and subgroups(SARS-CoV-2;‘Other ARinf’)are *** factors associated with ARinf were also *** incidence of‘All ARinf’(0.31)was significantly higher for SARS-CoV-2(0.23)vs.‘Other ARinf’(0.08)(pdence of‘All ARinf’(IR¼3.6;pd SARS-CoV-2(IR¼4.2;pduring contact(phases 3þ4)compared with non-contact(phases 1þ2).demographics,level of sport,co-morbidities,allergies,influenza vaccination,injuries and lifestyle habits were not associated with ARinf *** student rugby,contact phases are associated with a 3–4 times higher incidence of ARinf/SARS-CoV-2 compared to non-contact *** risk mitigation strategies in the contact sport setting are *** from this study serve as a platform to which future research on incidence of ARinf in athletes within contact team sports,can be compared.

关键词： COVId-19 Athletes Risk Prevention Epidemiology

A multi-photon(7×7)-focus 3d laser printer based on a 3d-printed diffractive optical element and a 3d-printed multi-lens array

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第1期5卷 26-39页

作者： Pascal Kiefer Vincent Hahn Sebastian Kalt Qing Sun Yolita M.Eggeler martin Wegener dMM2O-Cluster of Excellence Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)and Heidelberg University76128 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Applied Physics(APH) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76128 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76128 KarlsruheGermany Laboratory for Electron Microscopy(LEM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76128 KarlsruheGermany

One of the challenges in the field of multi-photon 3d laser printing lies in further increasing the print speed in terms of voxels/***,we present a setup based on a 7×7 focus array(rather than 3×3 in our previous work)and using a focus velocity of about 1 m/s(rather than 0.5 m/s in our previous work)at the diffraction limit(40×/NA1.4 microscope objective lens).Combined,this advance leads to a ten times increased print speed of about 108 voxels/*** demonstrate polymer printing of a chiral metamaterial containing more than 1.7×10^(12) voxels as well as millions of printed microparticles for potential pharmaceutical *** critical high-quality micro-optical components of the setup,namely a diffractive optical element generating the 7×7 beamlets and a 7×7 lens array,are manufactured by using a commercial two-photon grayscale 3d laser printer.

关键词： 3d laser printing direct laser writing Multi-photon absorption Multi-focus optics diffractive optical element Lens array

Advanced Insights into Goliathus orientalis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of Tanzania

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第2期12卷 129-142页

作者： Gration Mutashoberwa Rwegasira Pasiensi martin Kayombo department of Crop Science and Horticulture Sokoine University of Agriculture Chuo Kikuu Morogoro Tanzania Kayomboi Community Group of Researchers in Insects Morogoro Tanzania

Members of the Goliathus group in the order Coleoptera, family Scarabaeidae and the sub-family Cetoniidae is one among essential ecological insects worldwide with scanty documentation in Tanzania. The country was among the first point of collection of the specimen by Moser (1909) but subsequent attempts to locate and collect the specimen were unsuccessful possibly due to changed habitat and behaviour of Goliathus. Much of published work about the insect are based on the morphological characteristics of collected specimen which led to designation of six major species namely;Goliathus goliatus, G. cacicus, G. regius, G. albosignatus, G. orientalis and G. usambarensis, the last two being considered to exist in Tanzania. The current study reports on successful identification of habitats using biological cues and subsequently collected several Goliathus specimen that had been difficult to trace for more than a century. New insights into correct identity of the species by using a combination of morphological and molecular techniques have been set. The study has resolved that only one species, Goliathus orientalis with five sub-species exist in Tanzania.

关键词： Coleoptera Goliathus Species Morphological Features Barcoding Tanzania

Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi Pedro L.Valenzuela Simon J.Bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian Judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±Sd)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,*** included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;pd balance(d=0.24;p=0.015).There was a trend towards significant benefits for flexibility(d=0.24;p=0.056).No significant benefits were observed for other variables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyperactivity/inattention,peer problems,or prosocial behaviour(all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school *** results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

Enantioselective Synthesis,(Chir)optical Properties,and Postsynthetic Functionalization of Furan-Containing Oxa[5]-,Oxa[6]-,and dioxa[6]helicenes

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第10期6卷 2439-2451页

作者： Wei Fu Valentina Pelliccioli Raquel Casares-López Juan M.Cuerva martin Simon Christopher Golz Manuel Alcarazo Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad de GranadaUnidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y MedioambienteE-18071 Granada

An expedient synthesis of a series of configurationally stable oxa[5]helicenes,oxa[6]helicenes,and dioxa[6]helicenes has been developed using an intramolecular,highly enantioselective,Au-catalyzed,alkyne hydroarylation *** absolute configuration of the newly prepared structures has been established by crystallography,their inversion barriers have been determined theoretically and experimentally,and their chiroptical properties have been *** of these data with those reported for thia-or carbohelicenes sharing an otherwise identical helical framework enables the establishment of comprehensive correlations between the nature of the embedded(hetero)atom(s)and the magnitude of these *** studies on the postsynthetic functionalization of the oxahelicenes obtained are also ***,siteselective bromination at the 15-position in oxa[5]helicene 5d allows its subsequent manipulation into pyridine-containing aza-oxa[7]helicene 13d;while the two termini of oxa[6]helicene 7d have been intramolecularly cyclised into the pleiadeno[1,12,11-bcde]benzofuran derivative 15d by acidic *** transformations take place without erosion of the enantiopurity.

关键词： Au-catalysis enantioselective synthesis oxa[n]helicenes racemization dynamics postsynthetic functionalization

Sustainable plasticulture in Chinese agriculture: a review of challenges and routes to achieving long-term food and ecosecurity

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 155-168页

作者： Samuel J.CUSWORTH William J.dAVIES martin R.MCAINSH Carly J.STEVENS Weilu WANG Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK The Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Plastic pollution is global concern, affecting most aspects of global food production systems. Plasticulture, a practice used in agriculture to improve crop quality and quantity, among other factors, is a significant source of plastic pollution. This review examines the extent of plasticulture in China, the implications of the practice across decades of use and the legislative instruments used to resolve those issues. It briefly assesses the effectiveness of these policies and proposes possible future innovations to promote increases in long-term food and eco-security, where sustainable plasticulture is a key agent for change. While plasticulture has increased agricultural productivity in growth-limiting conditions, plastic pollution in agricultural soils has become acute in China. Consequently, plastic pollution is having deleterious effects on soil health and in turn, crop productivity in China. Plastic pollution in agriculture is a multifaceted issue and so proposed solutions should be informed by this complexity. Current measures do not reflect a holistic approach to solving this socioecological challenge and adopt a top-down approach, with little or no supportive mechanisms. Future recommendations need to consider the particular set of conditions that influence the production, use and end-of-life management of agriplastics,specific to the environmental, economic and social conditions in each location.

关键词： Circular plastics economy crop production food security plastic pollution sustainable plasticulture

Exploring a targeted approach for public health capacity restrictions during COVId-19 using a new computational model

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Infectious disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 234-244页

作者： Ashley N.Micuda Mark R.Anderson Irina Babayan Erin Bolger Logan Cantin Gillian Groth Ry Pressman-Cyna Charlotte Z.Reed Noah J.Rowe Mehdi Shafiee Benjamin Tam Marie C.Vidal Tianai Ye Ryan d.martin department of Physics Engineering Physics&AstronomyQueen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Medical Biophysics Western UniversityLondonONCanada department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Biology Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan Energetic Cosmos Laboratory Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan School of Computing Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom department of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUnited States

This work introduces the Queen's University Agent-Based Outbreak Outcome Model(QUABOOM).This tool is an agent-based Monte Carlo simulation for modelling epidemics and informing public health *** illustrate the use of the model by examining capacity restrictions during a *** find that public health measures should focus on the few locations where many people interact,such as grocery stores,rather than the many locations where few people interact,such as small *** also discuss a case where the results of the simulation can be scaled to larger population sizes,thereby improving computational efficiency.

关键词： Monte-carlo Agent-based epidemic modelling COVId-19 Small business capacity restrictions Public health Basic reproductive number