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Versatile chip-based nanoscopy becomes ready for histopathology assessment

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 730-732页

作者： martin Lopez-Garcia Natural and Artificial Photonic Structures Group International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryBraga 4715-330Portugal

Nanoscopy is a mature technology used routinely in life science to obtain images well below the optical diffraction *** the use of nanoscopy in histopathology assessment is very limited mostly due to the low throughput of traditional nanoscopic *** far,Chip-nanoscopy,nanoscopy in which sample illumination is performed by an integrated photonic chip instead of bulk optics,has been shown to provide an enhanced field of view and throughput for cell ***,a new development shows that chip-nanoscopy also offers interesting progress for the study of histological samples offering a complementary technique to electron microscopy for histopathology assessment.

关键词： nanos offering illumination

Progress on band structure engineering of twisted bilayer and two-dimensional moiré heterostructures

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 5-16页

作者： Wei Yao martin Aeschlimann Shuyun Zhou Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS University of Kaiserslautern67663 KaiserslauternGermany State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Artificially constructed van der Waals heterostructures(vdWHs)provide an ideal platform for realizing emerging quantum phenomena in condensed matter *** methods for building vdWHs have been developed:stacking two-dimensional(2D)materials into a bilayer structure with different lattice constants,or with different *** interlayer coupling stemming from commensurate or incommensurate superlattice pattern plays an important role in vdWHs for modulating the band structures and generating new electronic *** this article,we review a series of novel quantum states discovered in two model vdWH systems—graphene/hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)hetero-bilayer and twisted bilayer graphene(tBLG),and discuss how the electronic structures are modified by such stacking and *** also provide perspectives for future studies on hetero-bilayer materials,from which an expansion of 2D material phase library is expected.

关键词： twisted bilayer graphene van der Waals heterostructure band structure engineering

Conditioned duality between supercontinental’assembly’and’breakup’LIPs

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1635-1649页

作者： martin B.Klausen Department of Earth Sciences Stellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1MatielandSouth Africa

A compilation of 178 more precise ages on 10 potential Large Igneous Provinces(LIPs)across southern Africa,is compared to Earth’s supercontinental cycles,where 5 more prominent LIP-events all formed during the assembly of supercontinents,rather than during *** temporal bias is confirmed by a focused review of field relationships,where these syn-assembly LIPs formed behind active continental arcs;whereas,the remaining postassembly-and likely breakup-related-LIPs never share such *** the possibility of two radically different LIP-types,only the two younger breakup events(the Karoo LIP and Gannakouriep Suite)produced basalts with more enriched asthenospheric OIB-signatures;whereas,all assembly LIPs produced basalts with stronger lithospheric,as well as more or less primitive asthenospheric,signatures.A counterintuitive observation of Precambrian breakup LIPs outcropping as smaller fragments that are more peripherally located along craton margins,compared to assembly LIPs as well as the Phanerozoic Karoo breakup LIP,is explained by different preservation potentials during subsequent supercontinental ***,further accentuating radical differences between(1)breakup LIPs,preferentially intruding along what evolves to become volcanic rifted margins that are more susceptible to deformation within subsequent orogens,and(2)assembly LIPs,typically emplaced along backarc rifts within more protected cratonic interiors.A conditioned duality is proposed,where assembly LIPs are primarily sustained by thermal blanketing(as well as local arc hydration and rifting)below assembling supercontinents and breakup LIPs more typically form above impinging mantle *** a duality is further related to an overall dynamic Earth model whereby predominantly supercontinent-orientated ocean lithospheric subduction establishes/revitalizes large low shear velocity provinces(LLSVPs)during assembly LIP-activity,and heating of such LLSVPs by the Earth’s core subsequ

关键词： Large igneous provinces Extrovert plate tectonics LLSVP Mantle dynamics Geochemical discrimination

Xerotolerant foliar endophytic fungi of Populus euphratica from the Tarim River basin,Central China are conspecific to endophytic ITS phylotypes of Populus tremula from temperate Europe

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 133-142页

作者： martin Unterseher Anne Petzold martin Schnittler Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology Department of Systematic BotanyErnst-Moritz-Arndt UniversityGrimmer Str.8817487 GreifswaldGermany

Fungal research on non-lichenized taxa in xeric and other unusual habitats for fungi is comparatively scarce but constantly reveal an enormous ecological and functional adaptiveness of these organisms to *** holds true in the topmost forest canopies as well as in marine,arctic,antarctic or desert *** the present study dried leaves of Populus euphratica from a continental desert area in Central China were investigated for endophytic fungi 6 weeks after sampling by cultivation of small leaf ***-five species,many of them well-known from extreme environments,were delimitated from as few as 58 isolates by a combined analysis of morphotypes,micromorphology and ITS ***-analyses revealed pronounced conspecificity to endophytes from Populus tremula leaves,but significant differences to foliar endophytic assemblages in Pinus monticola and Fagus *** deduced high similarity of endophytic communities on both Populus species compared with that on Pinus and Fagus suggests that many fungal phyllosphere species show a well-pronounced host preference,at least for their endophytic *** addition,it demonstrates that leaving leaves as a microhabitat might provide similar conditions such as constantly high relative humidity,regardless of the surrounding climatic *** evolution of extremotolerance might be of particular importance for retaining competitiveness of foliar endophytes in deciduous host trees after loss of pathogenicity.

关键词： Frost-drought tolerance Extremophile Alternaria Cladosporium Penicillium Evolution of endophytism

The Borel measure of sequences with bounded run-length

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第3期20卷 316-322页

作者： Alisa DeStefano Clyde martin Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy Cross1 College StWorcesterMA01610USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech University1108 Memorial CircleLubbockTX79409USA

Infinite sequences defined with a finite alphabet are studied and it is shown that the set of sequences with bounded run-length has measure zero with respect to the Borel *** sequences arise in many applications including digitization of certain linear systems involving flows on the circle and 2-torus,large scale simulation,and *** are basic objects of study in ergodic theory.

关键词： Digitization Borel measure Binary sequences Bounded run-length Irrational flow Torus

Simulating bicycle traffic by the intelligent-driver model-Reproducing the traffic-wave characteristics observed in a bicycle-following experiment

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第1期7卷 19-29页

作者： Valentina Kurtc martin Treiber Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic UniversitySt.Petersburg 195251Russia Institute for Transport and Economics Technische Universitat DresdenDresden 01062Germany

Bicycle traffic operations become increasingly important and yet are largely ignored in the traffic flow community,until *** hypothesize that there is no qualitative difference between vehicular and bicycle traffic flow dynamics in single-file case,so the latter can be described by reparameterized car-following *** test this proposition,we reproduce German(Andresen et al.,2014)and Chinese(Jiang et al.,2016)bicycle experiments on a ring with the intelligent-driver model(IDM)and compare its fit quality(calibration)and predictive power(validation)with that of the necessary-deceleration-model(NDM),which is specifically designed for bike *** find similar quality metrics for both models,so the above hypothesis of a qualitative equivalence cannot be ***,calibration errors of the IDM turn up to be slightly smaller compared to the NDM *** NDM represents significant calibration errors for high flow densities,which correspond to flow states,when stop-and-go wave *** to validation tests,the IDM outperforms the NDM as *** two types of validation techniques we discover that inter-driver variation is much higher than the intra-driver variation for bicycle *** coincides with the results obtained from vehicular traffic experiments(NGSIM trajectory data).In addition,we suggest the measure for quantitative comparison of two microscopic fundamental diagrams,which are derived from experimental data and simulated *** analysis of speed-density relations provides more or less the same results for both models.

关键词： Bicycle traffic Car-following model Stop-and-go waves Calibration Validation Fundamental diagram

Aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence (AIDF) materials： a new break-through for nondoped OLEDs

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第12期60卷 1561-1562页

作者： martin R. Bryce Department of Chemistry Durham UniversityDurham DH1 3LEUK

Nowadays, purely organic materials with delayed fluorescence （DF） are being enthusiastically developed and extensively utilized as light-emitting materials to fabricate OLEDs because of their high exciton utilization and metal-flee nature. These DF materials usually have a small single-triplet splitting （AEsT）, and the nonradiative triplet excitons （75%） can be converted into radiative singlet excitons via thermally promoted reverse intersystem crossing （RISC） processes,

关键词： Aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence (AIDF) materials a new break-through nondoped OLEDs

Therapeutic cell engineering:designing programmable synthetic genetic circuits in mammalian cells

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Protein & Cell 2022年第7期13卷 476-489页

作者： Maysam Mansouri martin Fussenegger Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH ZurichMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerlandDepartment of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerland Faculty of Science University of BaselMattenstrasse 264058 BaselSwitzerland

Cell therapy approaches that employ engineered mam-malian cells for on-demand production of therapeutic agents in the patient's body are moving beyond proof-of-concept in translational *** therapeutic cells can be customized to sense user-defined signals,pro-cess them,and respond in a programmable and pre-dictable *** this paper,we introduce the available tools and strategies employed to design therapeutic ***,various approaches to control cell behav-iors,including open-loop and closed-loop systems,are *** also highlight therapeutic applications of engineered cells for early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the clinic and in experimental dis-ease ***,we consider emerging technolo-gies such as digital devices and their potential for incorporation into future cell-based therapies.

关键词： synthetic biology cell-based therapy cell engineering therapeutic gene expression controllable genetic circuits

Stochastic equations for a self-regulating gene

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第4期10卷 1-29页

作者： martin Jansen University Medical Center Freiburg Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Hugstetter Str. 55 D-79106 Freiburg Germany

Expression of cellular genes is regulated by binding of transcription factors to their promoter, either activating or inhibiting transcription of a gene. Particularly interesting is the case when the expressed protein regulates its own transcription. In this paper, the features of this self-regulating process are investigated. In the presented model here, the gene can be in two states. Either a protein is bound to its promoter or not. The steady state distributions of protein during and just before switching from one state to the next state are analyzed. Moreover, a powerful numerical method based on the corresponding master equation to compute the protein distribution in the steady state is presented and compared to an already-existing method. Additionally the special case of self-regulation, in which protein can only be produced, if one of these proteins is bound to the promoter region, is analyzed. Furthermore, a self-regulating gene is compared to a similar gene, which also has two states and produces the same amount of proteins but is not regulated by its protein-product.

关键词： Gene expression chemical reaction network activated gene gene regulatorynetworks master equation.