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Intervertebral disc degeneration is rescued by TGFβ/BMP signaling modulation in an ex vivo flamin B mouse model

Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 524-535页

作者： Jennifer Zieba Kimberly N.Forlenza Kelly Heard Jorge H.martin Michaela Bosakova Daniel H.Cohn Stephen P.Robertson Pavel Krejci Deborah Krakow Department of Orthopedic Surgery Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology Faculty of MedicineMasaryk University62500 BrnoCzech Republic International Clinical Research Center St.Anne’s University Hospital65691 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Czech Academy of Sciences60200 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Human Genetics Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Spondylocarpotarsal syndrome(SCT) is a rare musculoskeletal disorder characterized by short stature and vertebral, carpal, and tarsal fusions resulting from biallelic nonsense mutations in the gene encoding filamin B(FLNB). Utilizing a FLNB knockout mouse,we showed that the vertebral fusions in SCT evolved from intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration and ossification of the annulus fibrosus(AF), eventually leading to full trabecular bone formation. This resulted from alterations in the TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway that included increased canonical TGFβ and noncanonical BMP signaling. In this study, the role of FLNB in the TGFβ/BMP pathway was elucidated using in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo treatment methodologies. The data demonstrated that FLNB interacts with inhibitory Smads 6 and 7(i-Smads) to regulate TGFβ/BMP signaling and that loss of FLNB produces increased TGFβ receptor activity and decreased Smad 1 ubiquitination. Through the use of small molecule inhibitors in an ex vivo spine model, TGFβ/BMP signaling was modulated to design a targeted treatment for SCT and disc degeneration. Inhibition of canonical and noncanonical TGFβ/BMP pathway activity restored Flnb-/-IVD morphology. These most effective improvements resulted from specific inhibition of TGFβand p38 signaling activation. FLNB acts as a bridge for TGFβ/BMP signaling crosstalk through i-Smads and is key for the critical balance in TGFβ/BMP signaling that maintains the IVD. These findings further our understanding of IVD biology and reveal new molecular targets for disc degeneration as well as congenital vertebral fusion disorders.

关键词： TGFβ vivo BMP treatment

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Error Resilient IPTV for an IEEE 802.16e Channel

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2011年第2期2卷 70-79页

作者： Laith Al-Jobouri martin Fleury Mohammed Ghanbari University of Essex

Data-partitioning of IPTV video streams is a way of providing graceful quality degradation in a form that will work in good and difficult wireless channel conditions, as experienced by mobile devices. This paper’s proposal is to combine redundant slice protection along with an adaptive channel coding scheme that is also proposed in the paper. Adaptive channel coding is achieved by retransmission when necessary of additional redundant data to reconstruct corrupted packets. In the proposal, outright packet loss is provided for by a form of redundant slice protection. The paper finds that it is preferable: not to simply protect only the highest priority packets;that a moderate quantization level should be employed;and that video quality is differentiated by content type. It is important also to configure the partitioning correctly to remove inter-partition dependencies when possible.

关键词： IEEE 802.16 IPTV Mobile TV Rateless Channel Coding Redundant Slices WiMAX

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Improving the hydraulic performance of a high-speed submersible axial flow pump based on CFD technology

International Journal of Fluid Engineering

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International Journal of Fluid Engineering 2024年第1期1卷 91-108页

作者： Lu Rong martin B?hle Gu Yandong Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machinery Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu University College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

The hydraulic performance of a high-speed submersible axial flow pump is investigated to reduce its energy consumption. A more efficient and stable optimization method that combines parametric design, computational fluid dynamics, and a computer algorithm is proposed. The main aim is to broaden the high-efficiency operating zone, so the average efficiency under multiple conditions is optimized while considering rotor–stator matching. The design-of-experiments method and a radial-basis-function neural network are combined to form the optimization platform, and automatic optimization of the pump design is realized through repeated execution of design and simulation. The flow loss mechanism inside the pump is studied in depth via the entropy generation rate, and regression analysis shows that the pump efficiency is influenced mainly by the blade angles. After optimization, the target efficiency is increased by 8.34%, and the flow field distribution shows that the channel vortex and hydraulic loss are controlled effectively. Finally, the results are validated by experiment. The proposed optimization approach has advantages in saving manpower and obtaining globally optimal solutions.

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Lesser Kestrel Foraging Habitats in Special Protection Areas in Agro-ecosystems

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2017年第7期7卷 479-492页

作者： Antonia Galanaki Theodoros Kominos martin John Jones Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester Street Manchester M1 5GD UK Raptor Study Group of Greece Eressou 35 Athens GR-10681 Greece Department of Zoology School of Biology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki GR-54124 Thessaloniki Greece

The European Union （EU） Wild Birds Directive recognises that the most serious threats to wild birds＇ conservation in Europe are habitat loss and degradation, and hence, habitats of threatened and migratory species must be protected with the establishment of the network of the special protection areas （SPAs） for migratory and endangered bird species in the EU member states. The major European population of the lesser kestrel Falco naumanni, a migratory falcon listed in Annex I of the Birds Directive, occurs in low-input farming systems in the Mediterranean basin, including Greece. The aim of this study was to identify foraging habitats of lesser kestrels and relate them to the delimited SPAs in the agro-ecosystems of Greece, where the stronghold of the species population for Greece occurs. Foraging habitat preferences were assessed using Poisson regression models （PRMs）. SPAs were examined on whether they can effectively protect foraging habitats for breeding lesser kestrels in the study area. Foraging lesser kestrel abundance was positively associated with grasslands and non-irrigated land （dry cereals）, and negatively associated with irrigated land （wet cotton）, scrubland and woodland. Electricity facilities were used as foraging perches by lesser kestrels. The current SPAs cover a small percentage of the species＇ foraging sites and cannot be considered coherent enough to support and protect the foraging habitats of lesser kestrels and other priority species in the agro-ecosystems of the study area. Proposals for effective conservation of low-input farming systems, supporting priority species, are also presented.

关键词： Falco naumanni special protection areas (SPAs) Poisson regression models (PRMs) foraging habitats species conservation agro-ecosystems Greece.

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A New Protocol for Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Monitoring by Self-Determination of Estrone-3-Glucuronide and Single Ultrasound (COSSESU)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第9期11卷 1217-1228页

作者： Iavor K. Vladimirov martin Vladimirov Desislava Tacheva IVF Unit SBALAGRM-Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Faculty of Biology Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” Sofia Bulgaria

Background: Answering the question of what is the optimal protocol for monitoring controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) still remains a challenge. The rapid introduction of new diagnostic methods and various components of telemedicine makes it possible to reduce the number of patient visits during ovarian stimulation, which will reduce the loss of time, costs, and risk for the patient from COVID-like situations. Methods: The different COS monitoring protocols are examined, thus proposing a new approach consisting of two successive phases. Results: In the first phase, E3G in urine samples is being examined, which is performed by the patient themselves with a small portable analyzer. Based on the results, the specialist prescribes the doses for stimulation. The second phase involves one single determination of the size and number of follicles at the end of stimulation, using TVUS, as well as the dynamics of serum levels of P4 and E2. This proves to be in many cases sufficient. Conclusions: It is of our opinion that on the basis of new diagnostic tests such as E3G in urine and telemedicine, patie

关键词： COS Monitoring E3G Estradiol TVUS Telemedicine

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Influence of PAN-Fiber Stretching during Thermal Treatment on the Stabilization Reactions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第3期7卷 282-293页

作者： Juliane Meinl martin Kirsten Chokri Cherif Alexander Michaelis Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Dresden Germany Technische Universit?t Dresden/Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology Dresden Germany

The stabilization of PAN-fibers without additional co-monomers was investigated with thermo-gravimetry and evolved gas analysis (FTIR-spectroscopy and MS-spectrometry). One fiber type had been drawn after spinning, while the other was used as-spun. During the thermal treatment, fiber shrinkage was either restricted or unrestricted. Investigations of influencing chemical and physical reactions regarding this restriction were conducted. Differences in the mass loss and gas emissions were observed, depending on the strained or unstrained state of the fibers. The change of crystallinity and molecular orientation of the fiber as reason of the measured variations was discussed. The emission of ammonia and other nitrogen containing gases (supposedly nitriles/ isocyanates) could be attributed to different aspects of the stabilization process. The length restriction resulted in a change in ammonia emission, associated with the cyclization reaction of poly acrylonitrile. The onset and amount of side reactions were influenced as well.

关键词： PAN Polyacrylonitrile Stabilization Cyclization Thermogravimetry Evolved Gas Analysis Molecular Orientation

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Canine distemper virus as a threat to wild tigers in Russia and across their range

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 329-343页

作者： martin GILBERT Svetlana V.SOUTYRINA Ivan V.SERYODKIN Nadezhda SULIKHAN Olga V.UPHYRKINA Mikhail GONCHARUK Louise MATTHEWS Sarah CLEAVELAND Dale G.MIQUELLE Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health Institute of BiodiversityAnimal Health and Comparative MedicineCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia Far Eastern Federal University VladivostokRussia Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia Lazovskii State Nature Zapovednik LazoPrimorskii KraiRussia

Canine distemper virus(CDV)has recently been identified in populations of wild tigers in Russia and *** populations are generally too small to maintain CDV for long periods,but are at risk of infections arising from more abundant susceptible hosts that constitute a reservoir of *** CDV is an additive mortality factor,it could represent a significant threat to small,isolated tiger *** Russia,CDV was associated with the deaths of tigers in 2004 and 2010,and was coincident with a localized decline of tigers in Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik(from 25 tigers in 2008 to 9 in 2012).Habitat continuity with surrounding areas likely played an important role in promoting an ongoing *** recommend steps be taken to assess the presence and the impact of CDV in all tiger range states,but should not detract focus away from the primary threats to tigers,which include habitat loss and fragmentation,poaching and retaliatory *** priorities include:(i)recognition and diagnosis of clinical cases of CDV in tigers when they occur;and(ii)collection of baseline data on the health of wild *** infection of individual tigers need not imply a conservation threat,and modeling should complement disease surveillance and targeted research to assess the potential impact to tiger populations across the range of ecosystems,population densities and climate extremes occupied by *** the role of domestic and wild carnivores as contributors to a local CDV reservoir is an important precursor to considering control measures.

关键词： canine distemper virus conservation threat extinction Panthera tigris altaica population decline

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Tiêu Equation Experimentation of Understanding by Energy Transfer Quantum Mechanics

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Natural Science 2023年第3期15卷 91-102页

作者： Huu S. Tieu martin F. Loeffler Golden Sunrise Nutraceutical Inc. Porterville USA

Background: The Tiêu equation has a ground roots approach to the process of Quantum Biology and goes deeper through the incorporation of Quantum Mechanics. The process can be measured in plant, animal, and human usage through a variety of experimental or testing forms. Animal studies were conducted for which, in the first day of the study all the animals consistently gained dramatic weight, even as a toxic substance was introduced as described in the introduction of the paper to harm animal subjects which induced weight loss through toxicity. Tests can be made by incorporating blood report results. Human patients were also observed to show improvement to their health as administration of the substance was introduced to the biological mechanism and plants were initially exposed to the substance to observe results. This is consistent with the Tiêu equation which provides that wave function is created as the introduction of the substance to the biological mechanism which supports Quantum Mechanics. The Tiêu equation demonstrates that Quantum Mechanics moves a particle by temperature producing energy thru the blood-brain barrier for example. Methods: The methods for the Tiêu equation incorporate animal studies to include the substance administered through laboratory standards using Good Laboratory Practices under Title 40 C.F.R. § 158. Human patients were treated with the substance by medical professionals who are experts in their field and have knowledge to the response of patients. Plant applications were acquired for observation and guidance of ongoing experiments of animals’ representative for the biologics mechanism. Results: The animal studies along with patient blood testing results have been an impressive line that has followed the Tiêu equation to consistently show improvement in the introduction of the innovation to biologic mechanisms. The mechanism responds to the substance by producing energy to the mechanism with efficient effect. For plant observations, p

关键词： Tiêu Equation Experimentation of Understanding by Energy Transfer Quantum Mechanics Golden Sunrise Nutraceutical Huu S. TIȆu Schrödinger Equation Quantum Mechanics Life Is Quantum Biology

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Clinical Characterization and Frequency of Observation of Hereditary Retinal Diseases： Multicentric Study in Panama in 2012-2013

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第11期4卷 618-630页

作者： Juan Manuel Mufioz Cuellar Rosa Maria Coco martin Institute of Ofialmo-Biologia Aplicada (IOBA) University of Valladolid Valladolid 47011 Spain

Retinal dystrophies are genetically determined diseases, implying the loss of function of the retina with a wide phenotypic and genotypic variability. There are very few phenotypic, genotypic and epidemiological data on retinal dystrophies in Latin America. The Objective of this study is to describe the epidemioiogical and clinical characteristics of hereditary retinal and choroidal diseases, in retina practices in Panama. A descriptive study, from 2012 to 2013, was performed in the main retina practices in Panama. All detected patients were given a free appointment to gather their phenotypic characteristics and pedigrees. An incidence of five new cases per year, and an accumulated incidence of 5.35 patients per I0,000 was calculated for the public hospitals. A frequency of 2.7 cases per 1,000 patients was observed in the main retina practices, where 69% had rod-cone dystrophies, 14.3% cone-rod dystrophies, 7.1% Stargardt disease, 4.8% Stargardt-like macular dystrophy and two patients presented other dystrophies. Blindness was the main family antecedent （45.2%）. Retinal pigment was present in 59% and strabismus in 21.4% of the patients. Rod-cone and cone-rod dystrophies had similar geographic distribution and the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern was the most frequently observed. This study gives the first phenotypic data of retinal dystrophies in Panama to orient clinicians for a better diagnosis and phenotyping-genotyping correlation for retinal dystrophies in Central America.

关键词： Retinal dystrophies retinitis pigmentosa rod-cone dystrophy cone-rod dystrophy Stargardt disease phenotypiccharacterization.

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ALMA observations of the circumstellar envelope around EP Aqr

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第3期19卷 97-110页

作者： Pham Thi Tuyet Nhung Do Thi Hoai Pham Tuan-Anh Thibaut Le Bertre Pierre Darriulat Pham Ngoc Diep Nguyen Thi Phuong Nguyen Thi Thao Jan martin Winters Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVAST LERMA UMR 8112 CNRS and Observatoire de Paris PSL Research University Graduate University of Science and Technology VAST IRAM 300 rue de la Piscine Domaine Universitaire

Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array(ALMA) observations of CO(1–0) and CO(2–1) emissions from the circumstellar envelope of the asymptotic giant branch(AGB) star EP Aqr have been made with four times better spatial resolution than previously available. They are analysed with emphasis on the de-projection in space of the effective emissivity and flux of matter using as input a prescribed configuration of the velocity field, assumed to be radial. The data are found to display an intrinsic axisymmetry with respect to an axis making a small angle with respect to the line of sight. A broad range of wind configurations, from prolate(bipolar) to oblate(equatorial) has been studied and found to be accompanied by significant equatorial emission. Qualitatively, the effective emissivity is enhanced near the equator to produce the central narrow component observed in the Doppler velocity spectra and its dependence on star latitude generally follows that of the wind velocity with the exception of an omni-present depression near the poles. In particular, large equatorial expansion velocities produce a flared disc or a ring of effective emissivity and mass loss. The effect on the determination of the orientation of the star axis of radial velocity gradients, and possibly competing rotation and expansion in the equatorial disc, is discussed. In general,the flux of matter is found to reach a broad maximum at distances of the order of 500 AU from the *** are given that may be used to favour one wind velocity distribution over another. As a result of the improved quality of the data, a deeper understanding of the constraints imposed on morphology and kinematics has been obtained.

关键词： stars: AGB and post-AGB (stars:) circumstellar matter stars: individual: EP Aqr stars:mass-loss radio lines: stars

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