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The Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition： characterization and proposed guide for the defining boundary

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Episodes 2008年第2期31卷 255-259页

作者： martin j. Head Brad Pillans Sarah A. Farquhar Department of Earth Sciences Brock University St Catharines Ontario L2S 3A1 Canada. Research School of Earth Sciences The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia. Cambridge Quaternary Department of Geography University of Cambridge Downing Place Cambridge CB2 3EN United Kingdom.

The mid-Pleistocene transition （MPT, c. 1.2 to 0.5 Ma） records fundamental changes in Earth＇s climate state, where low-amplitude 41-kyr obliquity-dominated cycles gave way progressively to the high-amplitude, quasiperiodic （c. 100-kyr） fluctuations that characterize the later Pleistocene and Holocene. We use wavelet analysis on the LR04 δ^l8O benthic foraminiferal stack to confirm low-frequency power as early as 1.25-1.20 Ma, determine the persistence of obliquity-dominated cyclicity through and beyond the MPT, and reveal new levels of complexity in climate evolution.

关键词：地球气候状态洪积世振幅

Adaptive optical microscopy: the ongoing quest for a perfect image

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 243-249页

作者： martin j.Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour University of OxfordOxford OX13SRUnited Kingdom School in Advanced Optical Technologies Friedrich-Alexander Universita¨t Erlangen-Nu¨rnberg91052 ErlangenGermany

Adaptive optics is becoming a valuable tool for high resolution microscopy,providing correction for aberrations introduced by the refractive index structure of *** is proving particularly promising for applications that require images from deep within biological tissue *** review recent developments in adaptive microscopy,including methods and applications.A range of advances in different microscope modalities is covered and prospects for the future are discussed.

关键词： aberrations adaptive optics microscopy

Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo j.Fernandez Mariana E.Carro Paulo E.Llambías Grupo de Investigacion en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina Grupo de Investigacion de Biología de Aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population *** numerous studies on this subj.ct in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the ***,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival *** found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults *** density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation Cj. Density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae

Surgical outcomes for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the auricle

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第4期9卷 295-301页

作者： Constantin Manole Liam j.Skinner martin j.Donnelly Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital WaterfordWaterfordRepublic of Ireland Consultant in Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital WaterfordWaterfordRepublic of Ireland

Background:Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) on the auricle is believed to carry a higher risk of metastatic *** rates of lymphatic metastasis reported in the literature have varied *** are no established prognostic criteria to determine which of these tumors are higher risk and warrant prophylactic treatment of the associated lymphatic ***:To retrospectively evaluate outcomes after surgical treatment of auricular CSCC in our department,examining excision completeness,tumor recurrence,and lymphatic ***,to identify factors associated with lymphatic ***:One hundred and thirty‐eight consecutive cases of auricular SCC were excised from 126 patients in our department over a 7‐year period (j.nuary 2012–December 2018).Data were retrospectively collected on patient characteristics,tumor histology,surgical procedures,and follow‐***:Incomplete initial excision occurred in 17 cases (12.32%).Six patients (4.76%) had a local *** metastasis occurred in eight patients (6.35%),on average within 10.25 months after primary *** patients with metastasis died during follow‐up,with a mean survival of 10.2 *** age was associated with lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.0267).Other factors,including tumor recurrence,size,grade,cartilage invasion,and positive margins,were evaluated and not significantly associated with ***:In this study,the metastatic rate of auricular SCC was 6.35%,which is within the previously reported *** histological prognostic factors were identified in this study,which may be due to our limited sample *** the absence of established prognostic criteria,decisions regarding prophylactic treatment should be made on an individual basis with multidisciplinary support.

关键词： cutaneous malignancy external ear metastasis squamous cell carcinoma

New Technologies,Tools and Approaches for Improving Crop Breeding

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第4期54卷 210-214页

作者： Parry, martin A. j. Wang, j.ankang Luis Araus, j.se Rothamsted Res Harpenden Herts England Chinese Acad Agr Sci Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Univ Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Most crops were first domesticated about 13 000 to 11 000 years ago. Humans are dependent on crops for survival, and from the beginnings of agriculture have been energetically involved in developing crops that better serve their needs （Allard 1999）. During the last decades breeding has contributed approximately a 50% contribution to increasing the world＇s food crop production. However, plant breeding only began to adopt a scientific approach in the 1900s, when Mendel＇s hybridization experiment was rediscovered. Mendelian genetics and the development of the statistical concepts of randomj.atj.n and replication had considerable impact on plant breeding methods （Hallauer et al. 1988）. In spite of the fact that scientific crop breeding has only existed for one century, it is a discipline that is developing very quickly. The maj.r obj.ctive of crop breeding programs is to develop new genotypes that are genetically superior to those currently available for specific environments. To achieve this obj.ctive, breeders employ a range of selection methods and technologies （Hallauer et al. 1988; Falconer and Mackay 1996; Allard 1999）.

关键词： New Technologies Tools Approaches Improving Crop Breeding

On localization with robust power control for safety critical wireless sensor networks

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2011年第1期9卷 83-92页

作者： Michael j. WALSH Anthony FEE j.hn BARTON Brendan O'FLYNN martin j. HAYES Cian O'MATHUNA Clarity Center for Web Technologies Microsystems Centre-Tyndall National Institute Lee MaltingsUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Wireless Access Research Center University of LimerickLimerickIreland

A hybrid methodology is proposed for use in low power, safety critical wireless sensor network applications, where quality-of-service orientated transceiver output power control is required to operate in parallel with radio frequency-based localization. The practical implementation is framed in an experimental procedure designed to track a moving agent in a realistic indoor environment. An adaptive time synchronized approach is employed to ensure the positioning technique can operate effectively in the presence of dataloss and where the transmitter output power of the mobile agent is varying due to power control. A deterministic multilateration-based positioning approach is adopted and accuracy is improved by filtering signal strength measurements overtime to account for multipath fading. The location estimate is arrived at by employing least-squares estimation. Power control is implemented at two separate levels in the network topology. First, power control is applied to the uplink between the tracking reference nodes and the centralized access point. A number of algorithms are implemented highlighting the advantage associated with using additional feedback bandwidth, where available, and also the need for effective time delay compensation. The second layer of power control is implemented on the uplink between the mobile agent and the access point and here quantifiable improvements in quality of service and energy efficiency are observed. The hybrid paradigm is extensively tested experimentally on a fully compliant 802.15.4 testbed, where mobility is considered in the problem formulation using a team of fully autonomous robots.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Power control Localization

Cenozoic diatreme field in Chubut （Argentina） as evidence of phreatomagmatic volcanism accompanied with extensive Patagonian plateau basalt volcanism？

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Episodes 2007年第3期30卷 217-223页

作者： Karoly Nemeth Ulrike martin Miguel j. Haller Viviana I. Alric Institute of Natural Resources Volcanic Risk Solutions M_asse_y Uniyer_sity Palmerston North New Zealand. Department of Mapping Geological Institute of Hungary Stefainia 14 Budapest H- 1143 Hungary. Geo-Zentrum an der KTB Am Bohrturm 2 92670 Windischeschenbach Germany. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonea San j.an Bosco Bvard Brown 3700 （9120） Puerto Ma.dryn Argentina. Centro Nacional Patagenico-CONICET Bvard. Brown 3500 （9120） Puerto Madryn Argentina.

In Patagonia, Argentina, at the northern border of the Patagonian Cenozoic mafic plateau lava fields, newly discovered diatremes stand about I00 m above the sur- rounding plain. These diatremes document phreato- magmatic episodes associated with the formation of the volcanic fields. The identified pyroclastic and intrusive rocks are exposed lower diatremes of former phreato- magmatic volcanoes and their feeding dyke systems. These remotely located erosional remnants cut through Paleozoic granitoids and j.rassic/Cretaceous alternating siliciclastic continental successions that are rela-

关键词：新生界火山地下水湿生植物玄武岩

Hydrothermal Processes in the Solar System：A Review

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地质科技情报 2008年第1期27卷 1-12页

作者： Franco PIRAj.O martin j. Van KRANENDONK Long XIAO Geological Survey of Western Australia 100 Plain Street Perth WA 6004 Australia Research Center forSpace Science ＆ Technology Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

最近美国航空与空间计划署(NASA)开展的卡西尼—惠更斯外空探测计划发现,在直径为500km的卫星——土卫二上存在水冰和间隙泉的喷发活动。这一现象和在火星上工作的"机遇号"和"勇气号"漫游车所发现的液态水一起,证明了除地球以外的其他... 详细信息

最近美国航空与空间计划署(NASA)开展的卡西尼—惠更斯外空探测计划发现,在直径为500km的卫星——土卫二上存在水冰和间隙泉的喷发活动。这一现象和在火星上工作的"机遇号"和"勇气号"漫游车所发现的液态水一起,证明了除地球以外的其他星球上过去和现在都存在水,其中的一些星体还有火山活动的证据,这意味着这些星球上可能存在过热液活动地质过程。讨论了火星、木卫二和土卫二可能存在的热液系统类型。这些热液系统类型是根据地球上的构造背景进行相似性研究后得出的,例如海底、火山和裂谷系统。将东非裂谷和贝加尔湖裂谷系统与火星Tharsis高原上巨大的水手大峡谷进行了对比,这些地区都是由地幔柱作用下构造—热液活动导致的地壳抬升、火山和裂谷作用。在火星上,地下冰或低温层会在火山活动和(或)小行星或彗星撞击作用下溶解而形成热液对流。

关键词：热液活动过程火星木卫二土卫二

STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF A WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT INFORMATION NETWORK

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International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2007年第3期22卷 238-246页

作者： W. R. OSTERKAMP j. R. GRAY j. B. LARONNE j. R. martin Research Hydrologist National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745 Hydrologist Office of Surface Water U. S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA 20192 Prof. Department of Geography and Environmental Development Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel Graduate Student National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745

A "Watershed-Scale Sediment Information Network" (WaSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO’s International Sedimentation Initiative, was endorsed as an initial proj.ct by the World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research. WaSSIN is to address global fluvial-sediment information needs through a network approach based on consistent protocols for the collection, analysis, and storage of fluvial-sediment and ancillary information at smaller spatial scales than those of the International Sedimentation Initiative. As a second step of implementation, it is proposed herein that the WaSSIN have a general structure of two components, (1) monitoring and data acquisition and (2) research. Monitoring is to be conducted in small watersheds, each of which has an established database for discharge of water and suspended sediment and possibly for bed load, bed material, and bed topography. Ideally, documented protocols have been used for collecting, analyzing, storing, and sharing the derivative data. The research component is to continue the collection and interpretation of data, to compare those data among candidate watersheds, and to determine gradients of fluxes and processes among the selected watersheds. To define gradients and evaluate processes, the initial watersheds will have several common attributes. Watersheds of the first group will be: (1) six to ten in number, (2) less than 1000 km2 in area, (3) generally in mid-latitudes of continents, and (4) of semiarid climate. Potential candidate watersheds presently include the Weany Creek Basin, northeastern Australia, the Zhi Fanggou catchment, northern China, the Eshtemoa Watershed, southern Israel, the Metsemotlhaba River Basin, Botswana, the Aiuaba Experimental Basin, Brazil, and the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, southwestern United States.

关键词： Sediment information Monitoring system International sediment initiative WaSSIN