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A meta-analysis of 1-year outcomes of transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第1期17卷 43-50,I0008-I0010页

作者： Aaqib H Malik Syed Zaid Hasan Ahmad Joshua Goldberg Tanya Dutta Cenap Undemir martin cohen Wilbert S Aronow Steven L Lansman Department of Medicine Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA Department of Cardiology Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryWestchester Medical CenterValhallaNew YorkUSA

Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)for the treatment symptomatic severe aortic stenosis(AS)is indicated in patients with intermediate or higher surgical *** trials showed TAVR,and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR)perform similarly at 1-year for the composite outcomes of mortality,stroke and *** performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to compare individual outcomes at 1-year for TAVR compared to SAVR in low-risk *** Pub Med,Embase,and Cochrane central were searched for all the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that reported 1-year comparative outcomes of TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR).Our conclusions are based upon the random-effects model using Der Simonian-Laird *** Data from 4 trials and 2887 randomized patients showed that TAVR had lower rates of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,and atrial fibrillation compared to SAVR at 1-year follow-up(P<0.05 for all).Also,TAVR was also associated with a significantly higher risk of permanent pacemaker implantation and moderate-severe paravalvular leak(P<0.05).Conclusions The latest randomised trial data demonstrates that in short-term,TAVR is safe and effective in reducing all-cause mortality or *** follow-up of RCTs is needed to determine the durability of clinical benefits in TAVR over SAVR in low-risk patients.

关键词： Aortic stenosis Low surgical risk Meta-analysis Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Science2009年度病毒——新型H1N1流感病毒

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中国科技教育 2010年第2期 105-106页

作者： martin Enserink Jon cohen

危险接近。H1N1病毒并没有想象中那么致命。但是下一种流行病可能更可怕。

关键词：流感病毒流行病 H1N1流感病毒预防 2009年

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哲学的世界

哲学的世界

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作者： (英)马丁·科恩(martin cohen)

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101个哲学问题第1版

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2005年

作者：（英）马丁·科恩（martin cohen）伍中友译

本书内容涉及传统学术性的观念和理论，书中列出101个短小幽默的故事，将哲学问题寓于故事之中，有帮于将初学者领进哲学的天地。

ISBN: (数字)7501168660

ISBN: (纸本)7501168660

本书内容涉及传统学术性的观念和理论，书中列出101个短小幽默的故事，将哲学问题寓于故事之中，有帮于将初学者领进哲学的天地。

关键词：哲学

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2页纸图解哲学

2页纸图解哲学

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作者： (英)罗伯特·阿普(Robert Arp)，马丁·科恩(martin cohen)

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Intraspecific temporal resource partitioning at white-tailed deer feeding sites

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 139-146页

作者： David B. STONE James A. martin Bradley S. cohen Thomas J. PREBYL Charlie KILLMASTER Karl V. MILLER Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA Savannah River Ecology Lab University of Georgia Aiken SC USA Department of Biology Tennessee Technological University Cookeville TN USA Georgia Department of Natural Resources Atlanta GA USA

Individuals may reduce competition by temporally partitioning their use of a shared resource. Behavioral differences between sexes in ungulates may encourage segregation as individuals attempt to avoid antagonistic interactions. However, dominant sex and age groups may reduce subordinates' access to food resources, regardless of the subordinate's sex. We hypothesized that white-tailed deer Odocoileus Virginian us temporally segregated at supplemental feedi ng sites based on social rank (subordinate: yearling males and adult females;dominant: adult males) and that segregation was affected by phase of the breeding season and diel cycle. If deer temporally segregate according to social rank, we predicted that the resulting activity patterns would manifest in one social class being relatively more susceptible to hunter-induced mortality. We used a multistate modeling approach to quantify temporal segregation and calculated the probability that a feeding site was in a particular state during diurnal and nocturnal hours for each of the 3 phases of the breeding season. We determined that transition probabilities differed by season and diel cycle and dominant and subordinate social classes clearly avoided each other, with <1% co-occurrenee at feedi ng sites. During the pre-breedi ng seas on, the probability of a subordi nate being present during diurnal hours was *** more likely than a dominant being present, but did not differ during nocturnal hours. There was no difference for dominants and subordinates during diurnal or no cturnal hours during the breedi ng season .In the post-breedi ng season, subordi nates were 1.7x more likely to occur at the feeding site than a dominant during diurnal hours but they did not differ during nocturnal hours. Our results indicate that dominance status influences temporal segregation at feeding sites and is affected by the phase of the breeding season. Therefore, the resulti ng activity patterns may in crease subordi nates' risk to human

关键词： competition multistate modeling predation risk supplemental feeding sites intraspecific temporal resource partitioning white-tailed deer

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Encyclopedia of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genes

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第5期24卷 359-414页

作者： David P. A. cohen martin Marek Bryn G. Davies Just M. Vlak Monique M. van Oers Wageningen University Laboratory of Virolo Box 629 6700AP wageningen The Netherlands Généthon Department of Bioprocess Development Evry France University of York YCR Cancer Research Dept. of Biology Heslington York United Kingdom

The Autographa californica multiple capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) was the first baculovirus for which the complete nucleotide sequence became known. Since then 15 years lapsed and much research has been performed to elucidate putative functions of the annotated open reading frames of this virus and this endeavour is still ongoing. AcMNPV is the most well-known and well-studied baculovirus species, not in the least for its application as a vector for the high-level expression of foreign genes in insect cells. This article is the first monograph of a single baculovirus and gives a current overview of what is known about the 151 AcMNPV ORFs, including (putative) function and temporal and spatial presence of transcripts and protein. To date 60 ORFs have a proven function, another 19 ORFs have homologs for which functions are known in other baculoviruses and 72 ORFs are still enigmatic. This paper should assist the reader in quickly finding the essentials of AcMNPV.

关键词： Baculovirus Autographa californica multiple capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV) Functional genomics Review

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Extent and predictors of grade upgrading and downgrading in an Australian cohort according to the new prostate cancer grade groupings

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第4期6卷 321-329页

作者： Kerri Beckmann Michael O’Callaghan Andrew Vincent Penelope cohen martin Borg David Roder Sue Evans Jeremy Millar Kim Moretti Cancer Research Institute School of Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideAustralia School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King’s College LondonLondonUK Flinders Medical Centre Urology UnitAdelaideAustralia School of Medicine University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia SA Pathology Health SAAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Genesis Care University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Object:To determine the extent and impact of upgrading and downgrading among men who underwent radical prostatectomy(RP)according to new grade groupings and to identify predictors of upgrading from biopsy grade Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and downgrading to grade Group I,in a community ***:Study participants included 2279 men with non-metastatic prostate cancer diagnosed 2006-2015 who underwent prostatectomy,from the multi-institutional South Australia Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative *** of up-or down-grading was assessed by comparing biopsy and prostatectomy grade *** of biochemical recurrence(BCR)with upgrading was assessed using multivariable competing risk *** logistic regression was used to identify pre-treatment predictors of upgrading from grade Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and risk group reclassification among men with low risk ***:Upgrading occurred in 35%of cases,while downgrading occurred in 13%of *** percent with grade Group I disease were upgraded following *** from grade Group I was associated with greater risk of BCR compared with concordant grading(Hazard ratio:3.1,95%confidence interval:1.7-6.0).Older age,higher prostate-specific antigen levels(PSA),fewer biopsy cores,higher number of positive cores and more recent diagnosis predicted upgrading from grade Group Ⅰ,while higher PSA and clinical stage predicted upgrading from grade Group Ⅱ.No clinical risk factors for reclassification were ***:Biopsy sampling errors may play an important role in upgrading from grade Group *** clinical assessment of grade is needed to encourage greater uptake of active surveillance.

关键词： Prostate cancer Grade misclassification Biopsy Radical prostatectomy Pathology

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Perioperative management of endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第2期6卷 84-93页

作者： martin Hanson Hao Li Eliza Geer Sasan Karimi Viviane Tabar Marc A.cohen Multidisciplinary Pituitary and Skull Base Tumour Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center1275 York AveNew YorkNYUSA

The contemporary embrace of endoscopic technology in the approach to the anterior skull base has altered the perioperative landscape for patients requiring pituitary *** of a multi-disciplinary unit in management decisions facilitates the delivery of optimal *** of technology and surgical expertise in pituitary surgery mandates ongoing review of all components of the care central to these *** many areas of potential variability in the pre,intra and post-operative timeline of pituitary surgery are readily *** undertakings and contemporary controversies in the peri-operative management of patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery are assessed against the available literature with a view to providing guidance for the best evidence-based practice.

关键词： Pituitary Pituitary surgery Endoscopic skull base surgery Perioperative management

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Differentiation of periapical granulomas and cysts by using dental MRI: a pilot study

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第3期10卷 152-159页

作者： Alexander Juerchott Thorsten Pfefferle Christa Flechtenmacher Johannes Mente martin Bendszus Sabine Heiland Tim Hilgenfeld Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Division of Endodontics and Dental Traumatology Department of Conservative Dentistry Heidelberg University Hospital Institute of Pathology Heidelberg University Hospital Division of Experimental Radiology Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate whether periapical granulomas can be differentiated from periapical cysts in vivo by using dental magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Prior to apicoectomy, 11 patients with radiographically confirmed periapical lesions underwent dental MRI, including fat-saturated T2-weighted(T2 wFS) images, non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images with and without fat saturation(T1 w/T1 wFS), and contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1-weighted(T1 wFS+C) images. Two independent observers performed structured image analysis of MRI datasets twice. A total of 15 diagnostic MRI criteria were evaluated, and histopathological results(6 granulomas and 5 cysts) were compared with MRI characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC), cohen’s kappa(κ), Mann–Whitney U-test and Fisher’s exact test. Lesion identification and consecutive structured image analysis was possible on T2 wFS and T1 wFS+C MRI images. A high reproducibility was shown for MRI measurements of the maximum lesion diameter(intraobserver ICC = 0.996/0.998; interobserver ICC = 0.997), for the "peripheral rim" thickness(intraobserver ICC = 0.988/0.984; interobserver ICC = 0.970), and for all non-quantitative MRI criteria(intraobserver-κ = 0.990/0.995; interobserver-κ = 0.988). In accordance with histopathological results, six MRI criteria allowed for a clear differentiation between cysts and granulomas:(1) outer margin of lesion,(2) texture of "peripheral rim" in T1 wFS+C,(3)texture of "lesion center" in T2 wFS,(4) surrounding tissue involvement in T2 wFS,(5) surrounding tissue involvement in T1 wFS+C and(6) maximum "peripheral rim" thickness(all: P < 0.05). In conclusion, this pilot study indicates that radiation-free dental MRI enables a reliable differentiation between periapical cysts and granulomas in vivo. Thus, MRI may substantially improve treatment strategies and help to avoid unnecessary surgery in apical periodontitis.

关键词： Differentiation of periapical granulomas and cysts by using dental MRI a pilot study

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