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Polymer Supported Lipid b.layers

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Open Journal of b.ophysics 2013年第1期3卷 59-69页

作者： Ian P. McCab. martin b. Forstner Department of b.omedical and Chemical Engineering Syracuse University Syracuse USA Physics Department Syracuse University Syracuse USA

Lipid b.layers are some of the most fascinating self-assemb.ed structure in living nature. Not only do they serve as the protective b.undary of cells and their internal organelles, they also organize and host major parts of the b.ochemical machinery for cellular communication and transmemb.ane transport. To study aspects of cellular memb.anes in a controlled manner, solid supported planar b.layers have served as reliab.e tools for many decades. They have b.en used in a large variety of studies ranging from fundamental investigations of memb.anes and their constituents to the dissection of cellular signaling mechanisms. However, there are limitations to these systems and recently a class of new systems in which the lipid b.layer is supported on a soft, polymer cushion has emerged. Here, we review the different polymer cushioned b.layer systems and discuss their manufacture and advantages.

关键词： Supported Lipid b.layers Polymer Supported b.layers Memb.ane Model Systems

Space-to-space Radio Interferometry System from Medium Earth Orb.ts

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空间科学学报 2019年第4期39卷 544-562页

作者： martin-NEIRA M KUDRIASHOV V b.RAT I DUESMANN b.DAGANZO E European Space Research and Technology Centre European Space Agency

This paper presents a new concept to perform space-to-space Very Long b.seline Interferometry which enab.es the imaging of cosmic sources at high-resolution and high-sensitivity with small *** individual apertures are emb.rked on separate identical satellites staggered in height into Polar or Equatorial Circular Medium Earth Orb.ts(PECMEO orb.ts).These orb.ts are stab.e and allow GNSS-b.sed on-the-fly centimeter-level relative *** operation is possib.e b. exchanging local oscillator components and measured signals through Inter-Satellite Links(ISL).On-b.ard cross correlation is performed at each satellite over a delay window compatib.e with the accuracy of the on-the-fly relative positioning and the result sent to the *** reconstruction is completed on the ground thanks to sub.millimeter b.seline retrieval from accurate GNSS orb.ts,ISL ranging and spacecraft attitude *** application of this concept to image the Super Massive b.ack Hole Sgr A*is hinted.

关键词： Space-to-space interferometry Event horizon Space radio-astronomy

Measures of Relative and Ab.olute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration b.sed on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena b.rcena-martin Jacques Silb.r Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mob.lity is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distrib.tional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor b.nefit more than the rich from economic growth b. tracking the extent of income mob.lity among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and ab.olute indices of mob.lity,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes b.tween anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is b.sed on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** b.th ab.olute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income b.t only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distrib.tion in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mob.lity pro-poor growth

Investigation of Gamma-Emitting Natural Radioactive Contents in Three Types of Vernonia Consumed in Cameroon

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2011年第2期1卷 37-45页

作者： Thomas b. Makon Rob.rt martin Nemb. Pascal Tchokossa Department of Physics Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

The specific activity concentration and the derived Annual Effective Dose(AED) in three types of vernonia cultivated and consumed within and outside Cameroon were measured b. means of a well-calib.ated high-purity germanium detector. Vernonia samples were collected directly from the production farms, oven-dried to a constant mass, crushed, sieved and sealed for at least a month b.fore analysis. The specific activity of 238U in the three types of vernonia ranged from 20 - 50 b. kg-1 with an average of 42 ± 15 b. kg-1, 232Th from 9 - 22 b. kg-1 with an average of 17 ± 7 b. kg-1 while 40K ranged from 115 - 460 b. kg-1 with an average of 302 ± 36 b. kg-1. The average AED for 40K, 238U and 232Th were 0.15, 0.92 and 0.92μSv y-1 respectively. 238U and 232Th show the same trends b.th for the regional distrib.tion of the radioactivity content and the AED. The discrepancies in our data can b. attrib.ted to many factors such as geological formation, foliar deposition, type and age of the plant, etc. Although the results ob.ained represent only some fractions of the standard limit, b.t they are within some range ob.ained in other countries.

关键词： Radionuclides Specific Activity Dose Vernonia Gamma-Ray Cameroon

Let the light b. a guide:Chromophore communication in metalorganic frameworks

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 338-354页

作者： Corey R.martin Preecha Kittikhunnatham Gab.ielle A.Leith Anna A.b.rseneva Kyoung Chul Park Andrew b.Greytak Natalia b.Shustova Department of Chemistry and b.ochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbia631 Sumter SteetSouth Carolina 29208USA

The photonic characteristics of chromophore-containing metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have led to extensive photophysical studies in an effort to capitalize on the potency of precisely controlled chromophore *** examples have laid the foundation that demonstrates how photophysical properties of chromophores can b. manipulated b. tuning their communications(interactions)through integration within a MOF *** main focus of this review is on harnessing the versatile MOF platform to accentuate the photophysical properties of integrated *** particular,this review will highlight chromophore dynamics that enhance,alter,or tune the photoluminescence response of single-and multi-chromophore-containing scaffolds,as well as alignment-guided anisotropic *** upon this groundwork,utilization of a hyb.id crystalline motif can induce preferential orientation of chromophores resulting in enhanced communication and tailored b.havior compared to randomly oriented emissive ***,frameworks that produce upconverted emission via sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation(sTTA),excited-state ab.orption(ESA),energy transfer upconversion(ETU),multi-photon ab.orption(MPA),or second-harmonic generation(SHG)can invoke dynamic control of material properties using photochromic linkers and will b. discussed herein with a focus on the effects of chromophore *** within a framework is a vehicle tofuse chromophores into solid-state platforms,opening an avenue for chromophore utilization in applications such as portab.e electronics that require solids or thin *** those reasons,the design of chromophore-containing MOFs with desirab.e properties that rely on the alignment and communication of hundreds of chromophores within a single platform is a pressing demand for the development of futuristic technologies.

关键词： chrom ophores photophysics photon upconversion photochromism anisotropic photolum inescence optoelectronics

Tau protein,phosphorylated tau protein,and b.ta-amyloid 42 levels in patients with neurodegenerative diseases complicated b. cognitive deficits A non-randomized,concurrent,case-control investigation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第11期4卷 951-957页

作者： Radomír Talb.Jií Masopust Ctirad Andrys Pavel touraè Jakub.Hort martin Vali Department of Neurology Medical FacultyCharles University and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove Department of Psychiatry Medical FacultyCharles University and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Charles University and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove Department of Neurology Medical FacultyMasaryk University and University Hospital in Brno Department of Neurology Charles University2~(nd) Medical School

b.CKGROUND： The differential diagnosis of many neurodegenerative disorders depends primarily on clinical symptoms together with imaging methods. Recently, increased importance has b.en placed on the use of b.omarkers for diagnosing various neurodegenerative disorders. Ob.ECTIVE： To assess the feasib.lity of tau-protein, phosphorylated tau-protein, b.ta-amyloid 42 （Aβ42）, and 14-3-3 protein as b.omarkers for diagnosing several neurodegenerative diseases complicated b. cognitive deficits. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A non-randomized, concurrent, case-control investigation was performed in three medical centers in the Czech Repub.ic （Department of Neurology at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Department of Neurology at the 2rd Medical Faculty, and the University Hospital Motol） b.tween Octob.r 2000 and Novemb.r 2006. PARTICIPANTS： Eighteen patients with prob.b.e AIzheimer＇s disease, 4 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob.disease, 10 patients with frontotemporal dementia, 9 patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis, and 7 patients with multiple sclerosis, as well as 38 race-, nationality-, and age-matched cognitively intact controls, were included in the study. Diagnoses were estab.ished b.sed on the following criteria： the criteria for Alzheimer＇s disease proposed b. the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke/Alzheimer＇s Disease and Related Disorders Association, WHO criteria for Creutzfeldt-Jakob.disease, Neary criteria for frontotemporal dementia, and McDonald＇s criteria for multiple sclerosis. All included patients were confirmed to suffer from various degrees of dementia. METHODS： Enzyme-linked immunosorb.nt assay was used to measure concentrations of tau-protein, phosphorylated tau-protein, and Aβ42 in cereb.ospinal fluid （CSF） samples collected b. standard lumb.r puncture from each patient. Moreover, 14-3-3 protein was assessed b. Western b.ot in CSF of Creutzfeldt-Jakob.disease patients. Cog

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob.disease multiple sclerosis b.ta-amyloid 42 total tau protein phosphorylated tau protein

Repeatab.lity of 3D OCT Pachymetry in Eyes with and without Contact Lens Induced Corneal Swelling

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Advances in Computed Tomography 2013年第2期2卷 63-67页

作者： Victoria de Juan Ana b. Cisneros Raul martin Cervantes Eye Clinic Valladolid Spain Optometry Research Group IOBA-Eye Institute University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain Optometry Research Group IOBA-Eye Institute University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain Department of Physics & Optics School of Optometry University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain

Introduction: Corneal thickness measurement is an indirect assessment of the physiological corneal function in human eye. This value, especially in the central area, is an important data for clinical diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of anterior segment pathologies. There are several technologies for non-invasively measuring corneal thickness like optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, there is little information availab.e describ.ng the effect of contact lens induced corneal swelling in OCT measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatab.lity of OCT corneal pachymetry in eyes with and without contact lens induced corneal swelling. Material and Methods: This study included five visits over one week in six healthy sub.ects: b.seline and after sleeping with four different CL of +0.50 D, +2.00 D, +5.00 D and +8.00 D (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care) on four different days. Corneal pachymetry OCT 3D (Topcon) were measured three consecutive times during each visit. b.sides, this measurement was repeated in 12 meridians (Scans #1 to #12), b.tween 0°and 165°with 15° intervals. Results: Corneal pachymetry was significant different b.tween b.fore and after contact lens wear (p b.lity was found without corneal swelling [Coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.68% p = 0.93] and with corneal swelling [CL -0.50 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.95;590 ± 46 μm CI 95% 548 to 596), with CL + 2.00 D (CV = 0.72% p = 0.97;601 ± 46 μm CI 95% 595 to 607), with CL + 5.00 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.66;608 ± 50 μm CI 95% 601 to 615) and with CL + 8.00 D (CV = 0.77% p = 0.97;607 ± 44 μm CI 95% 601 to 613)]. There were no differences (p = 1.00) in central corneal thickness along the 12 scans corneal [Scan #0 (593 ± 50 μm CI 95% 582 to 603), #1 (592 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 603), #2 (591 ± 50 μm IC 95% 580 to 602), #3 (590 ± 49 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #4 (590 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #5 (591 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 602), #6 (590 ± 51 μm CI 95% 580 to 601), #7 (5

关键词： Optical Coherence Tomography Corneal Swelling Contact Lenses Corneal Pachymetry

Electrically pumped metallic and plasmonic nanolasers

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Chinese Physics b 2018年第11期27卷 158-166页

作者： martin T Hill School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering The University of Western Australia

In recent years, there have b.en a significant numb.r of demonstrations of small metallic and plasmonic lasers. The vast majority of these demonstrations have b.en for optically pumped devices. Electrically pumped devices are advantageous for applications and could demonstrate concepts not amenab.e for optical pumping. However, there have b.en relatively few demonstrations of electrically pumped small metal cavity lasers. This lack of results is due to the following reasons： there are limited types of electrically pumped gain media availab.e; there is a significantly greater level of complexity required in the fab.ication of electrically pumped devices; finally, the required components for electrical pumping restrict cavity design options and furthermore make it intrinsically more difficult to achieve lasing. This review looks at the motivation for electrically pumped nanolasers, the key issues that need addressing for them to b. realized, the results that have b.en achieved so far including devices where lasing has not b.en achieved, and potential new directions that could b. pursued.

关键词： semiconductor lasers laser diode microcavity and microdisk laser integrated optics

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第1期33卷 40-45页

作者： Linda Dirven Neil K.Aaronson Jan J.Heimans martin J.b.Taphoorn Department of Neurology VU University Medical CenterPO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology The Netherlands Cancer InstitutePO Box 90203 1006 BE Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Neurology Medical Center HaaglandenPO Box 432 2501 CK The Hague Netherlands

Gliomas are malignant primary b.ain tumors and yet incurab.e. Palliation and the maintenance or improvement of the patient's quality of life is therefore of main importance. For that reason, health-related quality of life(HRQoL) has b.come an important outcome measure in clinical trials, next to traditional outcome measures such as overall and progression-free survivals, and radiological response to treatment. HRQoL is a multidimensional concept covering physical, psychological, and social domains, as well as symptoms induced b. the disease and its treatment. HRQoL is assessed b. using self-reported, validated questionnaires. Various generic HRQoL questionnaires, which can b. supplemented with a b.ain tumor- specific module, are availab.e. b.th the tumor and its treatment can have a negative effect on HRQoL. However, treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and supportive treatment may also improve patients' HRQoL, in addition to extending survival. It is expected that the impact of HRQoL measurements in b.th clinical trials and clinical practice will increase. Hence, it is important that HRQoL data are collected, analyzed, and interpreted correctly. Methodological issues such as selection b.as and missing data may hamper the interpretation of HRQoL data and should therefore b. accounted. In clinical trials, HRQoL can b. used to assess the b.nefits of a new treatment strategy, which should b. weighed carefully against the adverse effects of that treatment. In daily clinical practice, HRQoL assessments of an individual patient can b. used to inform physicians ab.ut the impact of a specific treatment strategy, and it may facilitate the communication b.tween the physicians and the patients.

关键词：生活质量胶质瘤健康患者放射治疗临床试验质量评估临床实践