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Impact and clinical usefulness of genetic data in the surgical management of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: a narrative review

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第6期9卷 705-716页

作者： Georgios Antonios Margonis martin E.Kreis jaeyun jane Wang Carsten Kamphues Christopher L.Wolfgang Matthew j.Weiss Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of General Visceral and Vascular SurgeryCharite Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany Department of Surgery Northwell Health Cancer Institute and Zucker School of MedicineLake SuccessNYUSA

Importance:In patients who undergo surgery for colorectal cancer liver metastases(CRLM),a number of somatic mutations have been associated with worse overall(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS).Although useful,an association with prognosis does not necessarily equate to an impact on surgical ***:The aim of this review was to investigate whether the best-studied somatic mutations impact surgical management of CRLM by informing:(I)post-hepatectomy surveillance;(II)selection of surgical technique;(III)selection of optimal margin width;and(IV)selection of patients for ***,we discuss the refinement of genetic data from overall mutation status to specific variants,as well as lesser studied somatic *** Review:We conducted a computerized search using PubMed and Google Scholar for reports published so far,using mesh headings and keywords related to genetic data and ***:Genetic data may impact surgical management of CRLM in three ***,KRAS mutations can predict lung ***,KRAS mutations may help tailor margin ***,KRAS mutations may help tailor surgical ***:Although genetic data may impact post-hepatectomy surveillance,selection of surgical technique and optimal margin width,their use to guide surgical selection remains elusive,as the data cannot support denying surgery to patients according to their somatic mutation profile.

关键词： Somatic mutations KRAS BRAF P53 SMAD-4 PIK3CA colorectal liver metastases

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放射化学中子活化分析同时测定地质样品中贵金属

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国外地质勘探技术 1982年第6期 36-40页

作者： Susan j.parry 冯继承

本文描述了一个测定富铬和富铜地质样品中贵金属的简单方法。将粉末状岩石样品（0.1—0.3克）在超热中子流中照射,并借助于镉过滤器,以减少Cr51和Cu64的干扰。然后用过氧化物熔融分解,在Srafion NMRR离子交换树脂上分离贵金属。残留在... 详细信息

本文描述了一个测定富铬和富铜地质样品中贵金属的简单方法。将粉末状岩石样品（0.1—0.3克）在超热中子流中照射,并借助于镉过滤器,以减少Cr51和Cu64的干扰。然后用过氧化物熔融分解,在Srafion NMRR离子交换树脂上分离贵金属。残留在树脂上的铬（Ⅵ）的活度在分离之前用硫酸亚铁还原成铬（Ⅲ）而予以除去。用Ge（Li）探测器测量Pd(Pd109)、Pt(Au199)、Ir(Ir194)和Au(Au198)的γ射线的活

关键词：离子交换树脂硫化物中贵放射化学整理剂硫化合物核化学样品溶液贵金属硫酸亚铁还原铬酸根离子岩石样品岩样地质样品同时测定

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The ion chemistry of lakes and late Holocene desiccation in the Badain jaran Desert,Inner Mongolia,China

The ion chemistry of lakes and late Holocene desiccation in ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2003学术年会

作者： martin a.j.Williams Department of Geographical and Environmental Studies Adelaide UniversityAdelaideSouth Australia 5005.Australia

In the markedly arid Badain jaran Desert,one of the least-studied areas in the world,over a hundred permanent lakes exist among the *** geochemistry of water samples from nine lakes and from the groundwater in the desert and on its periphery was *** chemistry of the water from these desert lakes changes considerably on a regional *** argue that there is a positive correlation between the ages of these lakes and their totally dissolved solids(TDS) varying between 1.2 and 398.2 g/*** analysis of groundwater in wells gives an age generally older than four decades and younger than 100 *** lacustrine deposits,freshwater fauna and shorelines indicate the existence of large water bodies with low salinities in the inter-dune hollows of this desert during the early and middle *** precipitation in this desert during the early and middle Holocene was estimated to be ca.200 mm/year on average,at least twice as high as at *** the basis of paleoecology,TL and radiocarbon ages,it was concluded that the huge enrichment of ions in the lakes and decrease of water availability originated from climatic desiccation during the last 4000 *** paleoclimate of the Badain jaran Desert reported here was remarkably consistent with the late Quaternary climatic histories of the regions to the immediate north,west,east and south of the study area.

关键词： Deserts Limnology Ground water Paleosalinity Holocene Inner Mongolia China

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肺动脉高压患者的对比增强心血管磁共振成像检查

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2006年第4期 53-54页

作者： BlythK.G. Groenning B.A. martin T.N. a.j. Peacock 潘闽 Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit Western Infirmary Glasgow G11 6NT United Kingdom

Aims: To determine the presence and extent of delayed contrast enhancement(DCE) in patients with pulmonary hypertension(PHT) using contrast enhanced-cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging(ce-CMR). Methods and results: Twenty-five patients with PHT underwent ce-CMR and right heart catheterization. Right ventricular(RV) and left ventricular(LV) volumes, ejection fraction, mass, and DCE mass were determined with ce-CMR. Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mean PAP) averaged 43(12) mmHg and cardiac output 4.3(1.2) L/min. DCE was demonstrated in 23 out of 25 patien ts. DCE was confined to the RV insertion points(RVIPs) in seven patients and extended into the interventricular septum(IVS) in the remaining 16 patients. In these 16 patients, septal contrast enhancement was associated with IVS bowing. The extent of contrast enhancement correlated positively with RV end-diastolic volu me/ body surface area, RV mass, mean PAP, and pulmonary vascular resistance and correlated inversely with RV ejection fraction. Conclusion: DCE was present with in the RVIPs and IVS of most patients with PHT studied. Extent of DCE correlated with RV function and pulmonary haemodynamics. DCE was associated with IVS bowin g and may provide a novel marker for occult septal abnormalities directly relati ng to the haemodynamic stress experienced by these patients.

关键词：对比增强肺动脉磁共振成像心血管患者

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Gold Standard

Gold Standard

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遵循诊疗规范、鼓励临床试验——第八届中国肿瘤内科大会、第三届中国肿瘤医师大会、中国抗癌协会肿瘤临床化疗专业委员会2014年学术年会

作者： martin j Murphy jr New York University

The CEO Cancer Gold Standard(TM)is a workplace-based wellness initiative created by the CEO Roundtable on Cancer,a nonprofit organization founded by President George HW Bush in *** Gold Standard helps employers focus on cancer prevention,early detection and quality *** Standard-accredited employers foster a culture of wellness in which employees are encouraged to make healthy lifestyle choices.

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Fibrinogen deficiency suppresses the development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4701-4711页

作者： junru Wang Rupak Pathak Sarita Garg martin Hauer-jensen Division of Radiation Health University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

To determine the mechanistic role of fibrinogen, a key regulator of inflammation and fibrosis, in early and delayed radiation enteropathy. METHODSFibrinogen wild-type (Fib+/+), fibrinogen heterozygous (Fib+/-), and fibrinogen knockout (Fib-/-) mice were exposed to localized intestinal irradiation and assessed for early and delayed structural changes in the intestinal tissue. A 5-cm segment of ileum of mice was exteriorized and exposed to 18.5 Gy of x-irradiation. Intestinal tissue injury was assessed by quantitative histology, morphometry, and immunohistochemistry at 2 wk and 26 wk after radiation. Plasma fibrinogen level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTSThere was no difference between sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice in terms of fibrinogen concentration in plasma and intestinal tissue, intestinal histology, morphometry, intestinal smooth muscle cell proliferation, and neutrophil infiltration. Therefore, Fib+/- mice were used as littermate controls. Unlike sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice, no fibrinogen was detected in the plasma and intestinal tissue of sham-irradiated Fib-/- mice. Moreover, fibrinogen level was not elevated after irradiation in the intestinal tissue of Fib-/- mice, while significant increase in intestinal fibrinogen level was noticed in irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice. Importantly, irradiated Fib-/- mice exhibited substantially less overall intestinal structural injury (RIS, P = 0.000002), intestinal wall thickness (P = 0.003), intestinal serosal thickness (P = 0.009), collagen deposition (P = 0.01), TGF-β immunoreactivity (P = 0.03), intestinal smooth muscle proliferation (P = 0.046), neutrophil infiltration (P = 0.01), and intestinal mucosal injury (P = 0.0003), compared to irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice at both 2 wk and 26 wk. CONCLUSIONThes

关键词： Radiation enteropathy Knockout mouse model Fibrinogen Inflammation Fibrosis Ionizing radiation

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Clinical Analysis of the Colorectal Cohort within the Wales Cancer Biobank: A Study of Outcomes and Genetic Screening

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journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第7期14卷 317-344页

作者： Lisa K. Spary Katie DeLoyde Helen Roberts Fiona martin Chi Pooi Lee Rachel Butler Malcolm D. Mason Geraldine A. Thomas Alison parry-jones Richard A. Adams Institute of Cancer and Genetics School of Medicine University Hospital of Wales Main Building Cardiff University Cardiff UK All Wales Medical Genetics Service Institute of Medical Genetics University Hospital of Wales Cardiff UK

Over the last 12 years, the Wales Cancer Biobank (WCB) has consented to more than 2000 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). From these patients, clinical data has been collected and patients have been followed through their cancer journey. Clinical data from these patients have been analyzed to identify any correlation between disease grade and outcome. In a small cohort, consisting of 407 patients, WCB has performed genetic analysis on patient primary tumor samples, identifying and characterizing mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and TP53 genes. The majority of patients with CRC who were consented to WCB were male with a mean age of 69 years and received surgery as the primary treatment for their disease. Pathology and disease-free survival data confirmed worse prognoses associated with more advanced disease. Heterogeneity within the primary tumor was explored in a subgroup of patients. Analysis of the KRAS and TP53 genes confirmed that more than 40% of CRC patients who were tested, harbored a genetic mutation within these genes in their primary tumor. Due to the limited sample size tested, most mutations did not show significant differences in disease-free survival, however, mutation of the BRAF gene did show a decrease in the disease specific survival, in keeping with the published data. Analysis of the patients diagnosed with CRC within the Biobank has provided us with valuable information on the status of CRC disease and treatment within the Welsh population. Over 12 years of consenting, we have witnessed significant changes in the information that researchers are interested in when sourcing samples for translational research. The development of new drugs that are tailored to the genetics of a cancer is emerging and at WCB we are focusing our collections on samples and data that meet the needs of this ever-evolving field.

关键词： Colorectal Cancer Biobank Outcome Genetics Screening

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High-efficiencygenomeediting in plants mediated by a Cas9 gene containing multiple introns

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Plant Communications 2021年第2期2卷 63-77页

作者： Ramona Grützner Patrick martin Claudia Horn Samuel Mortensen Erin j.Cram Carolyn W.T.Lee-Parsons johannes Stuttmann Sylvestre Marillonnet Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute for Biology Department of Plant GeneticsMartin Luther University Halle-WittenbergWeinbergweg 1006120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA

The recent discovery of the mode of action of the CRISPR/Cas9 systemhas provided biologists with a useful tool for generating site-specific mutations in genes of *** plants,site-targeted mutations are usually obtained by the stable transformation of a Cas9 expression construct into the plant *** efficiency of introducing mutations in genes of interest can vary considerably depending on the specific features of the constructs,including the source and nature of the promoters and terminators used for the expression of the Cas9 gene and the guide RNA,and the sequence of the Cas9 nuclease *** optimize the efficiency of the Cas9 nuclease in generating mutations in target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana,we investigated several features of its nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence,including the codon usage,the number of nuclear localization signals(NLSs),and the presence or absence of *** found that the Cas9 gene codon usage had some effect on its activity and that two NLSs worked better than ***,the highest efficiency of the constructs was achieved by the addition of 13 introns into the Cas9 coding sequence,which dramatically improved the editing efficiency of the *** of the primary transformants obtained with a Cas9 gene lacking introns displayed a knockout mutant phenotype,whereas between 70%and 100%of the primary transformants generated with the intronized Cas9 gene displayed mutant *** intronized Cas9 gene was also found to be effective in other plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana and Catharanthus roseus.

关键词： CRISPR Cas9 targeted mutagenesis gene targeting

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A novel indocyanine green-based fluorescent marker for guiding surgical tumor resection

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第3期4卷 77-87页

作者： jiawei Ge justin D.Opfermann Hamed Saeidi Katherine A.Huenerberg Christopher D.Badger jaepyeong Cha martin j.Schnermann a.j.n S.joshi Axel Krieger Department of Mechanical Engineering johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD 21218USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742USA Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital WashingtonDC 20010USA Department of Pathology George Washington University WashingtonDC 20052USA Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery George Washington University Washington DC 20052USA Chemical Biology Laboratory Center for Cancer Research National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthFrederickMD 21702USA

Surgical tumor resection is a common approach to cancer *** Ink tattoos are widely used to aid tumor resection by localizing and mapping the tumor edge at the ***,India Ink tattoos are easily obscured during electrosurgical resection,and fade in intensity over *** this work,a novel near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent marker is introduced as an *** NIR marker was made by mixing indocyanine green(ICG),biocompatible cyanoacrylate,and *** marking strategy was evaluated in a chronic ex vivo feasibility study using porcine tissues,followed by a chronic in vivo mouse study while compared with India *** both studies,signal-to-noise(SNR)ratios and dimensions of the NIR markers and/or India Ink over the study period were calculated and *** was performed on the last day of the mouse study after mice were euthanized,and SNR ratios and dimensions were quantified and *** was performed at all injection sites and slides were examined by a *** proposed NIR marker achieved(i)consistent visibility in the 26-day feasibility study and(ii)improved durability,visibility,and biocompatibility when compared to traditional India Ink over the six-week period in an in vivo mouse *** effects persist after electrocautery whereas the India Ink markers were *** use of a NIR fluorescent presurgical marking strategy has the potential for intraoperative tracking during long-term treatment protocols.

关键词： Near-infrared fluorescent marker surgical tumor resection fluorescence-guided sur-gery electrosurgery India ink

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Tracking domestic ducks:A novel approach for documenting poultry market chains in the context of avian influenza transmission

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1584-1594页

作者： Chang-Yong Choi john Y Takekawa XIONG Yue LIU Ying martin Wikelski George Heine Diann j Prosser Scott H Newman john Edwards Fusheng Guo Xiangming Xiao Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology Center for Spatial AnalysisUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Western Ecological Research Center U.S.Geological SurveyVallejoCA 94592USA National Audubon Society San FranciscoCA 94104USA Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022P.R.China Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology Max Planck Institute for OrnithologyRadolfzell D-78315Germany Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanz D-78457Germany Patuxent Wildlife Research Center U.S.Geological SurveyBeltsvilleMD 20705USA Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases(ECTAD)Vietnam Office Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsHanoi 10000Vietnam Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases(ECTAD)China Office Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsBeijing 100600P.R.China Murdoch University MurdochWA 6150Australia Institute of Biodiversity Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China

Agro-ecological conditions associated with the spread and persistence of highly pathogenic avian inlfuenza （HPAI） are not well understood, but the trade of live poultry is suspected to be a major pathway. Although market chains of live bird trade have been studied through indirect means including interviews and questionnaires, direct methods have not been used to identify movements of individual poultry. To bridge the knowledge gap on quantitative movement and transportation of poultry, we introduced a novel approach for applying telemetry to document domestic duck movements from source farms at Poyang Lake, China. We deployed recently developed transmitters that record Global Positioning System （GPS） locations and send them through the Groupe Spécial Mobile （GSM） cellular telephone system. For the ifrst time, we were able to track individually marked ducks from 3 to 396 km from their origin to other farms, distribution facilities, or live bird markets. Our proof of concept test showed that the use of GPS-GSM transmitters may provide di-rect, quantitative information to document the movement of poultry and reveal their market chains. Our ifndings provide an initial indication of the complexity of source-market network connectivity and highlight the great potential for future telemetry studies in poultry network analyses.

关键词： avian inlfuenza domestic duck market chain network poultry telemetry

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