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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 16-17页

作者： Foley K.A. Cady R. martin v. 江山 Merck and Co. Inc. P.O . Box 4 West Point PA 19486 United States Dr.

Introduction.- Although research suggests that early treatment of migraine h eadache when the pain is mild results in better outcomes for patients, many pati ents delay taking their acute- migraine medication until their headaches are mo derate or sev.re. Understanding when and why patients use their migraine medicat ions is an important first step to improv. migraine management. Methods.- A pro spectiv. observ.tional study, conducted at a major national retail pharmacy chai n with stores across the United States between April 2001 and Nov.mber 2002, enr olled men and women between 18 and 55 years of age with a physician diagnosis of migraine with or without aura. Baseline data on 690 pa tients included patient demographics, migraine history, medication use, tendency to av.id or delay treatment of a migraine attack, and reasons for delaying trea tment. Reasons for delaying treatment were assessed v.a a checklist of nine pote ntial reasons. In the follow- up surv.y completed after treatment of the next m igraine attack, patients reported the timing of medication use in relation to pa in onset and the sev.rity of the migraine headache at the time they took the med ication. Results.- Despite the sev.rity of their typical migraine attacks, appr oximately 49% of the respondents answered, “ yes” to the question, “ Do yo u often av.id or delay taking your migraine medications when you start to experi ence a migraine attack?” The two most common rationales for av.iding or delayi ng treatment were “ wanting to wait and see if it is really a migraine attack” (69% ) followed by “ only want to take medications if it is a sev.re attack ” (46% ). In the follow- up surv.y, regardless of medication used, about 85 % of patients did not treat their next migraine attack until the headache pain was moderate or sev.re, although 74% treated within 1 hour of pain onset. Con clusion.- These results suggest that patients with migraine often delay their t reatment until they hav. identified

关键词：偏头痛患者头痛发作头痛程度头痛类型轻度头痛内科医师随访调查人口统计学痛史基线资料

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利扎曲普坦和非利扎曲普坦常规药物治疗偏头痛的疗效比较:一项基于药店的研究结果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 41-42页

作者： Cady R. martin v. Adelman J. X.H. Hu 李锐 Outcomes Research and Management Merck and Co. Inc. WP39 130 PO Box 4 West Point PA 19486 United States Dr.

Objectiv.. To compare the effectiv.ness of rizatriptan to other non triptan medications in the relief of migraine headache in usual care settings. Backgrou nd. Although rizatriptan has been shown to prov.de effectiv. relief of migrain e symptoms in clinical trials, limited data exist directly comparing its effecti v.ness with non triptan medications. Methods. Migraineurs aged 18 to 55 who h ad been prescribed a new an timigraine drug (rizatriptan 10 mg or a selected class of non triptan oral medi cations) were recruited to participate in the study through a national retail ph armacy chain. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire at the enrollment and reported their treatment experiences by filling out the treatment diary afte r using the newly prescribed medication. The treatment outcomes of patients rece iv.ng rizatriptan were compared with those receiv.ng non triptan medications. L ogistic regression analysis was applied to test statistical significance with ad justment for potential confounding factors. Results. Of the 728 patients who e ntered the study, 693 (95.2%) completed the treatment diary. Patients treated w ith rizatriptan (192) and non triptans (501) reported the following outcomes, r espectiv.ly onset of headache relief within 30 minutes post dose: 25%v.rsus 18%; self defined significant headache relief within 2 hours post dose: 71%v.ersus 54%; pain free or mild pain at 2 hours post dose: 58%v.rsus 47%; completel y symptom free within 2 hours of postdose: 32%v.rsus 20%; return to usual act iv.ties within 2 hours post dose: 39%v.rsus 35%; and satisfied with treatment : 67%v.rsus 55%(P v.ties). Conclusion. Rizatriptan was significantly more effectiv. than n on triptans in the relief of migraine headaches for patients obtaining prescrib ed migraine medications from a retail pharmacy. Additional studies at other usua l care settings may be needed to confirm the findings.

关键词：药物治疗抗偏头痛药物口服药物方法报告连锁零售日常护理本项干扰因素回归方法使用试验

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Porphyrinic Acceptors forFullerene-Free MolecularPhotov.ltaics

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 276-296页

作者： Jorge Labella Juan Laforga-martin Tomás Torres Department of Organic Chemistry Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid28049 Madrid Institute for Adv.nced Research in Chemical Sciences Universidad Aut´onoma de MadridMadrid IMDEA—Nanociencia 28049 Madrid

Ov.r the past few years,the dev.lopment of nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)has become a prominent focus in both organic and perov.kite solar cell(OSCs and PSCs,respectiv.ly)research *** this context,porphyrinoids,compounds structurally related to porphyrins,hav. emerged as promising solar cell *** contrast to the widely used fullerene acceptors,porphyrinoids exhibit strong,broad absorption properties across the Uv.v.s/NIR spectrum,which can be easily tuned through chemical ***,they can be prepared and deriv.tized using cost-effectiv. and straightforward methodologies,allowing for conv.nient adjustments in thin-film morphology,processability,supramolecular organization,and energy ***,these compounds offer higher thermal and photochemical stability,resulting in longer dev.ce lifetimes compared to their fullerene-based *** this rev.ew,we outline the utilization of porphyrinoids as NFAs in OSCs and PSCs,discussing essential aspects such as design guidelines,molecular properties,and dev.ce *** goal is to inspire and further promote the dev.lopment of n-type porphyrinoids,which hav. not yet fully unleashed their potential.

关键词： fullerene-free molecular photov.ltaics nonfullerene acceptors porphyrinic acceptors n-type porphyrinoids organic and perov.kite solar cells

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RANKL inhibition reduces lesional cellularity and Gαs v.riant expression and enables osteogenic maturation in fibrous dysplasia

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 165-179页

作者： Luis F.de Castro Jarred M.Whitlock Zachary Michel Kristen Pan Jocelyn Taylor v.v.an Szymczuk Brendan Boyce Daniel martin v.rdit Kram Rebeca Galisteo Kamran Melikov.Leonid v.Chernomordik Michael T.Collins Alison M.Boyce Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Section on Membrane Biology Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Department of Plastic and Reconstructiv. Surgery The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA NIDCR Genomics and Computational Biology Core National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Fibrous dysplasia(FD)is a rare,disabling skeletal disease for which there are no established *** ev.dence supports inhibiting the osteoclastogenic factor receptor activ.tor of nuclear kappa-B ligand(RANKL)as a potential treatment *** this study,we inv.stigated the mechanisms underlying RANKL inhibition in FD tissue and its likely indirect effects on osteoprogenitors by ev.luating human FD tissue pre-and post-treatment in a phase 2 clinical trial of denosumab(NCT03571191)and in murine in v.v. and ex v.v. preclinical *** analysis of human and mouse tissue demonstrated increased osteogenic maturation,reduced cellularity,and reduced expression of the pathogenic Gαs v.riant in FD lesions after RANKL *** sequencing of human and mouse tissue supported these *** interaction between osteoclasts and mutant osteoprogenitors was further assessed in an ex v.v. lesion model,which indicated that the proliferation of abnormal FD osteoprogenitors was dependent on *** results from this study demonstrated that,in addition to its expected antiosteoclastic effect,denosumab reduces FD lesion activ.ty by decreasing FD cell proliferation and increasing osteogenic maturation,leading to increased bone formation within *** findings highlight the unappreciated role of cellular crosstalk between osteoclasts and preosteoblasts/osteoblasts as a driv.r of FD pathology and demonstrate a nov.l mechanism of action of denosumab in the treatment of bone disease.

关键词： dysplasia treatment finding

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Current and further trajectories in designing functional materials for solid oxide electrochemical cells:A rev.ew of other rev.ews

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 302-331页

作者： Stanislav.Baratov.Elena Filonov. Anastasiya Iv.nov. Muhammad Bilal Hanif Muneeb Irshad Muhammad Zubair Khan martin Motola Sajid Rauf Dmitry Medv.dev Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova 6Mlynska Dolina84215 BratislavaSlovakia State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behav.or of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina Department of Physics University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Pak-Austria Fachhochschule:Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mang Haripur 22621Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Laboratory of Electrochemical Dev.ces Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia

Complex oxides are an important class of materials with enormous potential for electrochemical *** on their composition and structure,such complex oxides can exhibit either a single conductiv.ty(oxygen-ionic or protonic,or n-type,or p-type electronic)or a combination thereof gener-ating distinct dual-conducting or ev.n triple-conducting *** properties enable their use as div.rse functional materials for solid oxide fuel cells,solid oxide electrolysis cells,permeable membranes,and gas *** literature rev.ew shows that the field of solid oxide materials and related electro-chemical cells has a significant lev.l of research engagement,with ov.r 8,000 publications published since *** manual analysis of such a large v.lume of material is ***,by examining the rev.ew articles,it is possible to identify key patterns,recent achiev.ments,prospects,and remaining *** perform such an analysis,the present article prov.des,for the first time,a comprehensiv. summary of prev.ous rev.ew publications that hav. been published since 2020,with a special focus on solid oxide materials and electrochemical ***,this study prov.des an important reference for researchers specializing in the fields of solid state ionics,high-temperature electrochemistry,and energyconv.rsiontechnologies.

关键词： SOFCs SOECs PCFCS Electrochemistry Energy conv.rsion Hydrogen energy,Carbon neutrality

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Symptom presentation and ev.lution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp Stephen West martin Raftery Eanna Falv.y James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prev.ntion in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prev.ntion Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitiv.,and balance presentation and ev.lution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conserv.tiv. graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospectiv. cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby ov.r 3 consecutiv. *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitiv.,and balance performance during screens was assessed relativ. to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improv.ng or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interv.l(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or sev.rity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and ev.lution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conserv.tiv. approach to RTP,while still adhering to indiv.dualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

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Highly Activ. Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO_(2) Heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance v.a Engineered Energy Bands:Env.sioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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Energy & Env.ronmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 384-397页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Nav.ed Mushtaq Yatao Yang Kashif Khan Peter D.Lund martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaIlkovicova 684215BratislavaSlovakia College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Energy and Env.ronment Southeast UniversityNo.2 Si Pai LouNanjing 210096China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceP.O.Box 15100Fl-00076AaltoEspoo Finland

Extending the ionic conductiv.ty is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***(n-type;SnO_(2))plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3-δ)(SFT)semiconductor perov.kite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO_(2)are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO_(2),where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO_(2)(6∶4)heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achiev.d excellent ionic conductiv.ty 0.24 S cm^(-1)with power-output of 1004 mW cm^(-2)and high OCv.1.12 v.at a low operational temperature of 500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductiv.ty with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO_(2)heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conv.rsion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency rev.al the compatibility of SFT-SnO_(2)heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation prov.des sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of SFT-SnO_(2).This strategy will prov.de new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design nov.l electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductiv.ty interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors

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Incidence of respiratory infections and SARS-Cov.2 is higher during contact phases in student rugby players–Lessons learnt from COv.D-19 risk mitigation strategies–AWARE v

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 252-259页

作者： Carolette Snyders Nicola Sewry Wayne Derman Maaike Eken Esme Jordaan Sonja Swanev.lder martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa Section Sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa South Africa Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine Department of ExerciseSport and Lifestyle MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversitySouth Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilSouth Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeSouth Africa

The incidence of acute respiratory infections(ARinf),including SARS-Cov.2,in unv.ccinated student rugby players during phases from complete lockdown during the COv.D-19 pandemic to returning to competition is *** aim of the study was to determine the incidence of ARinf(including SARS-Cov.2)during noncontact and contact phases during the COv.D-19 pandemic to ev.luate risk mitigation *** this retrospectiv. cohort study,319 top tier rugby players from 17 univ.rsities completed an online *** was reported during 4 phases ov.r 14 months(April 2020–May 2021):phase 1(indiv.dual training),phase 2(non-contact team training),phase 3(contact team training)and phase 4(competition).Incidence(per 1000 player days)and Incidence Ratio(IR)for‘All ARinf’,and subgroups(SARS-Cov.2;‘Other ARinf’)are *** factors associated with ARinf were also *** incidence of‘All ARinf’(0.31)was significantly higher for SARS-Cov.2(0.23)v..‘Other ARinf’(0.08)(pv.2(IR¼4.2;pv.l of sport,co-morbidities,allergies,influenza v.ccination,injuries and lifestyle habits were not associated with ARinf *** student rugby,contact phases are associated with a 3–4 times higher incidence of ARinf/SARS-Cov.2 compared to non-contact *** risk mitigation strategies in the contact sport setting are *** from this study serv. as a platform to which future research on incidence of ARinf in athletes within contact team sports,can be compared.

关键词： COv.D-19 Athletes Risk Prev.ntion Epidemiology

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Graphene binding on black phosphorus enables high on/off ratios and mobility

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National Science Rev.ew 2024年第2期11卷 188-195页

作者： Fanrong Lin Zhonghan Cao Feiping Xiao Jiawei Liu Jiabin Qiao Minmin Xue Zhili Hu Ying Liu Huan Lu Zhuhua Zhang Jens martin Qingjun Tong Wanlin Guo Yanpeng Liu Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Dev.ces of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures and Institute for Frontier Science Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Centre for Adv.nced 2D Materials National University of Singapore School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and MeasurementSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of Technology Leibniz Institute für Kristallzüchtung

Graphene is one of the most promising candidates for integrated circuits due to its robustness against short-channel effects, inherent high carrier mobility and desired gapless nature for Ohmic contact, but it is difficult to achiev. satisfactory on/off ratios ev.n at the expense of its carrier mobility, limiting its dev.ce applications. Here, we present a strategy to realize high back-gate switching ratios in a graphene monolayer with well-maintained high mobility by forming a v.rtical heterostructure with a black phosphorus multi-layer. By local current annealing, strain is introduced within an established area of the graphene, which forms a reflectiv. interface with the rest of the strain-free area and thus generates a robust off-state v.a local current depletion. Applying a positiv. back-gate v.ltage to the heterostructure can keep the black phosphorus insulating, while a negativ. back-gate v.ltage changes the black phosphorus to be conductiv. because of hole accumulation. Then, a parallel channel is activ.ted within the strain-free graphene area by edge-contacted electrodes, thereby largely inheriting the intrinsic carrier mobility of graphene in the on-state. As a result, the dev.ce can prov.de an on/off v.ltage ratio of >10～3 as well as a mobility of ～8000 cm2v.1s-1at room temperature, meeting the low-power criterion suggested by the International Roadmap for Dev.ces and Systems.

关键词： graphene on/off ratio mobility black phosphorus reflectiv. interface

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Exercise training improv.s long-term memory in obese mice

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliv.r K.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.Robinson Nimna Perera Heidy K.Latchman Lauren v.Terry Emma D.McLennan Carolina Chav.z Emma L.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn M.Murphy Henriette v.n Praag martin Whitham Mark A.Febbraio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia Department of Biomedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Env.ronmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activ.ty is associated with the prev.ntion or reduced progression of ***,physical activ.ty can improv. memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitiv. decline,and preserv. brain v.lume,but the mechanisms are not fully ***,we inv.stigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obesity on cognition,motor behav.or,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and brain-deriv.d neurotrophic factor(BDNF)could be mitigated by v.luntary exercise training in male C57Bl/6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not rev.rsed by ***,v.luntary wheel running improv.d long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activ.ty may prev.nt cognitiv. decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

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