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Factors Affecting Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among Patients Attending Public Healthcare Facility

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2014年第10期2卷 600-607页

作者： Norah L. Katende-Kyenda martie lubbe Teke Apalata Department of Pharmacology University of Walter Sisulu Mthatha 5117 Eastern Cape Province South Africa Department of Medicine Usage in South Africa (MUSA) University of North-West Potchefstroom 4105 North-West Province South Africa Department of Microbiology University of Walter Sisulu Mthatha 5117 Eastern Cape Province South Africa

The research focused on factors associated with poor adherence to HAART （highly active antiretroviral therapy） among HIV/AIDS. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted using a standardized questionnaire and face-to-face exit interviews to collect data. Pill-counts were performed and computed adherence rate of ≥ 95% was considered acceptable. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Univariate factors associated with poor dherence to HAART were assessed with ANOVA （analysis of variance） and logistic regression model excluded confounders determining independent predictors of poor adherence. A P ≤ 0.05 was statistical significant. Of 102 HIV-infected on HAART for 24.68 ± 20.5 months, 83.3% were females and 16.7% males. The mean age （± SD） was 35.09 ± 9.3 years. Univariate factors associated with poor adherence to HAART were： CD4 count 〉 350 cells/mm3 0（2 = 46; P = 0.05）, age 〉 35 years 0（2 = 28.75; P = 0.011）, primary educational background （χ2 = 9.18; P = 0.027）, HAART regimen 1A-TDF （χ2 = 14.37; P = 0.003）, and 〉 4 combined tablets （χ2 = 11.87; P = 0.001）. There was a linear correlation between age and primary educational background （r = 0.538; P 〈 0.001）. After adjusting for univariate confounders, primary educational background （P = 0.020） and 〉 4 combined tablets （P = 0.026） were identified as independent predictors of poor adherence to HAART. Although there is an increase number of HIV-infected receiving HAART, these findings have shown that many of these will not adhere to their treatment once they improve clinically. This could be due to lack of education and complexity of combined ARVs with other drugs.

关键词： Adherence highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV/AIDS public sector.

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Modeling the effects of salt concentration on aqueous and organic electrolytes

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 546-552页

作者： Stephanie C.C.van der lubbe Pieremanuele Canepa Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117575 SingaporeSingapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585 SingaporeSingapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Understanding the thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solutions is of vital importance for a myriad of physiological and technological *** mean activity coefficientγ±is associated with the deviation of an electrolyte solution from its ideal behavior and may be obtained by combining the Debye-Hückel(DH)and Born(B)***,the DH and B equations depend on the concentration and temperature-dependent static permittivity of the solutionεr(c,T)and the size of the solvated ions ri,whose experimental data is often not ***,we use a combination of molecular dynamics and density functional theory to predictεr(c,T)and ri,which enables us to apply the DH and B equations to any technologically relevant aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte at any concentration and temperature of interest.

关键词： equations electrolyte apply

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Experimental Evidence of the Formula of Saturation

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2013年第2期3卷 79-82页

作者： Eva lubbe Mascovstr 2a Leipzig 04318 Germany

There is more than one definition of the saturation ofcolour. In 2008, the author proposed a new formula for the saturation and in this presentation the experimental verification is shown by means of the Japanese Colour System PCCS, The distances in the lines of equal saturation have three maxima and three minima. A connection to neurology and to the colour sensation is possible. Making a new colour space with the saturation, the LSh-colour space, which is much more symmetrically than the LCh-colour space. This is of interest for calculating colour differences.

关键词： Saturation colour measurements.

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A theoretical framework for investigating ecological problems associated with biodiversity conservation in national parks: A case of the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda

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Open Journal of Ecology 2013年第2期3卷 196-204页

作者： Moses Muhumuza martie Sanders Kevin Balkwill University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

Theoretical frameworks play a vital role in research, spelling out the constructs important in the research area, and the relationships between the constructs. An understanding of the theoretical constructs which underpin the research provides researchers with a framework, which enables them to understand when, how and why particular phenomena occur. Depending on the type of research, this either allows them to make reasoned predictions, which can be empirically tested during the research or gives direction for the research if it is open-ended and exploratory. Such frameworks not only guide the questions asked and the design of the research, but also help to interpret the data. If the situation being investigated is very complex, involving numerous interlinked variables, it is often difficult to identify a single theoretical framework that is suitable for a particular study. This article uses the case of human ecological behavioural problems associated with the conservation of biodiversity in the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, to show how a theoretical framework to investigate a complex situation was developed.

关键词： Theortical Framework Ecological Problems Biodiversity Conservation Investigating National Parks Rwenzori

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Field Soil Respiration Rate on a Sub-Antarctic Island: Its Relation to Site Characteristics and Response to Added C, N and P

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2012年第2期2卷 187-195页

作者： Andrea lubbe Valdon R. Smith Department of Botany & Zoology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa.

Botanical, soil chemistry and soil microbiology variables were tested as predictors of in situ soil respiration rate in the various terrestrial habitats on sub-Antarctic Marion Island (47oS, 38oE). Inorganic P and total N concentration were the best predictors amongst the chemistry variables and bacteria plate count the best of the microbiology variables. However, while these chemistry and microbiology variables could accurately predict soil respiration rate for particular habitats, they proved inadequate predictors across the whole range of habitats. The best suite of predictors comprised only botanical variables (relative covers of five plant guilds) and accounted for 94% of the total across-habitat variation in soil respiration rate. Mean field soil respiration rates (2.1 - 15.5 mmol CO2 m-2 h-1) for habitats not influenced by seabirds or seals are similar to rates in comparable Northern Hemisphere tundra habitats. Seabird and seal manuring enhances soil respiration rates to values (up to 27.6 mmol CO2 m-2 h-1) higher than found at any tundra site. Glucose, N, P or N plus P were added to three habitats with contrasting soil types;a fellfield with mineral, nutrient-poor soil, a mire with organic, nutrient-poor soil and a shore-zone herbfield heavily manured by penguins and with organic, nutrient-rich soil. Glucose addition stimulated soil respiration in the fellfield and mire (especially the former) but not in the coastal herbfield soil. N and P, alone or together, did not stimulate respiration at any of the habitats, but adding glucose to fellfield soils that had previously been fortified with P or NP caused a similar increase in respiration rate, which was greater than the increase when adding glucose to soils fortified only with N. This suggests that fellfield soil respiration is limited by P rather than N, and that there is no synergism between the two nutrients. For the mire and coastal herbfield, adding glucose to soils previously fortified with N, P or NP d

关键词： Soil Respiration Sub-Antarctic Island Soil Moisture Content Soil Nutrient Status N Limitation P Limitation C Limitation Seal and Seabird Manuring

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Composition of Gentamicin C Components in Gentamicin Sulphate Generics Commonly Used in Small Animal Practice in Nigeria

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017年第1期5卷 20-25页

作者： Fidelis Aondover Gberindyer Matthew Oluwole Abatan lubbe Wiesner Department of Veterinary Physiology Pharmacology and Biochemistry Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi 970001 Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology University of Ibadan Ibadan 200284 Nigeria Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town 7925 South Africa

Gentamicin is one of the commonly used antibiotics in small animal practice in Nigeria. Fake and substandard drugs are responsible for high cost in both economic terms and lives lost. For decades, Nigeria has been flooded by counterfeit and poor-quality medicines. Because of the variations in gentamicin C components in different formulations and the effect of this on its efficacy and toxicity, this study was designed to evaluate the percentage of each of the major components of gentamicin C in some injectable gentamicin sulphate generics commonly used in small animal practice in Nigeria. Of the 22 multisource generics of injectable gentamicin sulphate samples analyzed for percentage content of gentamicin C major components using USP HPLC （United States Pharmacopoeia high performance liquid chromatography） method, 95.5% （21 ） met the USP specification. This suggests that there is a significant improvement in the monitoring of quality of drugs marketed in Nigeria, including gentamicin sulphate. Nevertheless, considering the propensity of the manufacturers adjusting their manufacturing processes following product＇s registration by the regulatory body, there is still the need for regular surveillance of drug products by batches to ensure their efficacy and safety.

关键词： Gentamicin generics multisource small animals Nigeria.

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A Push–Pull Mechanism Helps Design Highly Competent G-Quadruplex-DNA Catalysts

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CCS Chemistry 2021年第8期3卷 2183-2193页

作者： Jielin Chen Jiawei Wang Stephanie C.Cvan der lubbe Mingpan Cheng Dehui Qiu David Monchaud Jean-Louis Mergny Célia Fonseca Guerra Huangxian Ju Jun Zhou State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023 Theoretical Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAIMMSVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam 1081 HV Institut de Chimie Moléculaire(ICMUB) CNRSUniversitéde Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon 21078 Leiden Institute of Chemistry Gorlaeus LaboratoriesLeiden UniversityLeiden 2333 CD

Massive efforts are currently being invested to improve the performance,versatility,and scope of applications of nucleic acid catalysts.G-quadruplex(G4)/hemin DNAzymes are of particular interest owing to their structural programmability and chemical ***,optimized catalytic efficiency is still bottleneck and the activation mechanism is ***,we have designed a series of parallel G4s with different proximal cytosine(dC)derivatives to fine-tune the hemin-binding pocket for G4-DNAzymes.

关键词： DNAzyme electron density G-quadruplex hemin push–pull mechanism

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如何挑选完美的伴侣

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大学英语 2008年第5期 38-42页

作者： martie G.Haselton 李同良

择偶是我们一生中最关键的决定。为寻佳偶．我们花大量时间和精力。我们对婚姻关系的渴望刺激了价值几十亿美元的产业——婚介、征婚广告以及网络约会。然而，我们依然心愿难遂。2005年通过对900多名网络约会人所做的调查显示，

关键词：伴侣婚姻关系征婚广告约会网络择偶

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小剂量阿司匹林对妊毒症预防作用的探讨

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国外医学.药学分册 1988年第4期 232-233页

作者： lubbe WF 吕信

内皮细胞中前列腺素（PG）的产生与血小板有关系,这一发现不仅有助于对妊娠高血压症发病机制的认识,而且为预防该病提供理论依据.当前列环素（PGI2）和血栓素A2（TXA2）的产生不平衡时,妊娠高血压加重.PGI2在内皮细胞形成,环氧化酶将... 详细信息

内皮细胞中前列腺素（PG）的产生与血小板有关系,这一发现不仅有助于对妊娠高血压症发病机制的认识,而且为预防该病提供理论依据.当前列环素（PGI2）和血栓素A2（TXA2）的产生不平衡时,妊娠高血压加重.PGI2在内皮细胞形成,环氧化酶将花生四烯酸（AA）转变成PG的环内过氧化物;TXA2由血小板中的环氧化酶形成.这两种PG对血管平滑肌和血小板有相互拮抗作用,TXA2使血管收缩,促进血小板聚集和粘附于血管壁,而PGI2则促进血管扩张,对抗血小板的粘附作用.PGI2也可由胎盘及胎儿的血管细胞产生,但它在胎儿循环中的功能尚不清楚.TXA2调节母体循环,使之适应妊娠期血溶增加和心输出量增大的需要.有证据表明,妊毒症时PGI2产生不足而TXA2产生过量.

关键词：粘附作用内皮细胞前列环素环氧化酶血栓素拮抗作用胎儿循环高血压症内过氧化物血管细胞

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荷兰埃因霍温Frits Philips音乐厅

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现代装饰 2011年第1期 68-77页

作者： Niels van Eijk Miriam van der lubbe Frank Tielemans Merel van Beukering 肖俊 Van Eijk & Van der lubbe

项目名称 Music Hall Eindhoven项目地址荷兰埃因霍温建筑面积 11，000m^2竣工日期 2010．6设计单位 Van Eijk ＆ Van der

关键词： Philips 荷兰音乐厅 Music 项目名称建筑面积设计单位 Van

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