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Correlation between Intestinal Health and Coccidiosis Prevalence in Broilers during Different Seasons of the Year in Brazil from 2012 to 2018

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 179-198页

作者： Fabio Luis Gazoni Gabriela Miotto Galli Marcel Manente Boiago Lenita Moura Stefani Aline Zampar Marco A. Juárez-Estrada Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Aleksandro S. da silva Animal Health and Reproduction Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, specifically belonging to the genus Eimeria. These parasites target the gastrointestinal tract in different types of hosts, causing sores in the intestinal lining. The presence of these lesions reduces the animal’s ability to digest and absorb nutrients, significantly impacting their overall performance. The current study aimed to explore the potential correlation between seasonal variations and the incidence of Eimeria spp-induced lesions in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tracts in Brazil from 2012 to 2018. A total of 8,607 broiler chickens, aged 14 to 42 days, were sampled from 103 poultry integrated companies in Brazil to conduct intestinal health examinations. The sampling process involved selecting 3 to 6 chickens from each poultry house for examination. The assessment included various abnormalities such as shedding of intestinal cells and excessive fluid and mucus presence, thickening and tension of the intestines, food movement, roughened mucosal surface resembling a Turkish towel in the small intestine, tissue death, duodenal inflammation, intestinal inflammation, gizzard erosion, presence of worms and bedding material, and ingestion of mealworms. During the seasons, winter exhibited the highest average occurrence of Eimeria maxima microorganisms at 52.83%, with E. acervulina following closely at 26.42% in second place. In spring, E. maxima had an occurrence of 11.31%, while in fall, E. tenella had the lowest occurrence at 6.74%. When analyzing the seasonal occurrence of Eimeria, it was observed that E. maxima micro was more common during winter compared to summer (P = 0.0491). However, no discernible variation was observed in the occurrence of the remaining species across different seasons. Research findings suggest that subclinical coccidiosis is most prevalent during the winter season in Brazil. Likewise, clinical disease caused by E. acervulina is also prevalent during this time. I

关键词： Eimeria Epidemiology Intestinal Pathology Broiler Chickens Brazil

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Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids:Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 70-78页

作者： Stella Agradi Majlind Sulce Laura Menchetti Daniele Vigo marta Castrica Olimpia Barbato Egon Andoni Alda Quattrone Albana Munga maria Laura Marongiu Giulio Curone Gabriele Brecchia Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of MilanLodiItaly Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Agricultural University of TiranaTiranaAlbania School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine University of CamerinoCamerinoItaly Department of Veterinary Medicine University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Veterinary Medicine University of SassariSassariItaly

Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction,production,and animal welfare,which reduce its profitability as well as consumer *** supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding,enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human *** this reason,the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be *** particular,consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck,the productive parameters,and the meat quality will be analysed.

关键词： Omega 3 Nutraceutical Linseed Fish oil Algae

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Surgical complications of oncological treatments: A narrative review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第6期15卷 1056-1067页

作者： Valeria Fico Gaia Altieri marta Di Grezia Valentina Bianchi maria Michela Chiarello Gilda Pepe Giuseppe Tropeano Giuseppe Brisinda Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Surgery Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di CosenzaCosenza 87100Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery Catholic School of MedicineRome 00168Italy

Gastrointestinal complications are common in patients undergoing various forms of cancer treatments,including chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and moleculartargeted *** complications of oncologic therapies can occur in the upper gastrointestinal tract,small bowel,colon,and *** mechanisms of action of these therapies are *** includes cytotoxic drugs,which block the activity of cancer cells by targeting intracellular DNA,RNA,or *** symptoms are very common during chemotherapy,due to a direct effect on the intestinal mucosa resulting in edema,inflammation,ulceration,and *** adverse events have been described as complications of molecular targeted therapies,including bowel perforation,bleeding,and pneumatosis intestinalis,which may require surgical *** is a local anti-cancer therapy,which uses ionizing radiation to cause inhibition of cell division and ultimately lead to cell *** related to radiotherapy can be both acute and *** therapies,including radiofrequency,laser,microwave,cryoablation,and chemical ablation with acetic acid or ethanol,can cause thermal or chemical injuries to the nearby *** of the different gastrointestinal complications should be tailored to the individual patient and based on the underlying pathophysiology of the ***,it is important to know the stage and prognosis of the disease,and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to personalize the surgical *** purpose of this narrative review is to describe complications related to different oncologic therapies that may require surgical interventions.

关键词： Cancer Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Complications Bowel perforation Gastrointestinal bleeding

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Nasal sill reconstruction with the Abbe flap after skin cancer resection:A case report

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Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2023年第2期5卷 64-67页

作者： Renata Fernanda Ramos Marcante Oona Tomiê Daronch Murilo Sgarbi Secanho maria Madalena silva Department of Plastic Surgery State University of Sao PauloBotucatuSao Paulo 18618-687Brazil

Local flaps are widely known as the best option for partial nasal reconstructions depending on donor tissue laxity,vascularization,and defect shape and *** nasolabial flap is used more often in the nasal *** larger defects,greater tissue mobilization with larger scars or free flaps is ***,the Abbe flap has been used for lip reconstruction in patients with cleft lip *** allows less retraction than other local flaps or skin grafts in patients with large defect sizes and great defect *** study reported on the application of the Abbe flap for nasal sill reconstruction on a 71-year-old female patient with nasal sill basal cell carcinoma who had undergone resection surgery with a posterior lip switch operation with satisfactory *** application of the Abbe flap could be considered in patients with multiple previous surgeries and at risk for necrosis.

关键词： Surgical flaps Myocutaneous flap Nose Nasal diseases Nasal defects Neoplasms Basal cell

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Traits associated with winter wheat grain yield in Central and West Asia

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 673-683页

作者： marta silva Lopes Didem Saglam Mutlu Ozdogan Matthew Reynolds CIMMYT University of Ahi Evran Faculty of Agriculture Department of Plant Protection Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment University of Wisconsin‐Madison

Improved adaptation of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） to drought and heat may be influenced by days to heading, plant height, biomass, canopy temperature （CT） at grain fil ing, and rate of senescence. This study shows that, under supplemental irrigation or rainfed conditions, days to heading and plant height together explain up to 68%of grain yield （GY） variation, and these associations were further confirmed in several locations across West and Central Asia. Days to heading can be slightly reduced below that of check line Karahan to further improve GY while avoiding the effect of late frosts. Plant height has been decreased in recent germplasm, but further reductions below that of check line Karahan could stil improve GY in a wide range of environ-ments. However, in Iranian sites, tal er genotypes showed better adaptation with higher biomass and increased reserves＆amp;nbsp;for grain fil ing. Canopy temperature and rate senescence were not associated with GY. A normalized difference vegetation index, used to estimate biomass （Feekes stages 4-5）, had intermediate heritability across environments and correlated positively with GY under low plant density and should be explored further as a tool for early selection.

关键词： Biomass GxE earliness phenology plant height NDVI rain-fed yield

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as targets to treat metabolic diseases:Focus on the adipose tissue,liver,and pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第26期29卷 4136-4155页

作者： Henrique Souza-Tavares Carolline Santos Miranda Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro Cristian Sandoval Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira Flavia maria silva-Veiga Aline Fernandes-da-silva Vanessa Souza-Mello Department of Anatomy Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil Escuela de Tecnología Médica Facultad de SaludUniversidad Santo TomásOsorno 5310431Chile Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas Universidad de la FronteraTemuco 4780000Chile

The world is experiencing reflections of the intersection of two pandemics:Obesity and coronavirus disease *** prevalence of obesity has tripled since 1975 worldwide,representing substantial public health costs due to its *** adipose tissue is the initial site of obesity *** excessive energy intake,it undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy until overt inflammation and insulin resistance turn adipocytes into dysfunctional cells that send lipotoxic signals to other *** pancreas is one of the organs most affected by *** lipotoxicity becomes chronic,there is an increase in insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells,a surrogate for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).These alterations threaten the survival of the pancreatic islets,which tend to become dysfunctional,reaching exhaustion in the long *** for the liver,lipotoxicity favors lipogenesis and impairs beta-oxidation,resulting in hepatic *** silent disease affects around 30%of the worldwide population and can evolve into end-stage liver *** therapy for hepatic steatosis remains to be defined,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)activation copes with T2DM *** PPARs are transcription factors found at the intersection of several metabolic pathways,leading to insulin resistance relief,improved thermogenesis,and expressive hepatic steatosis mitigation by increasing mitochondrial *** review aimed to update the potential of PPAR agonists as targets to treat metabolic diseases,focusing on adipose tissue plasticity and hepatic and pancreatic remodeling.

关键词： Obesity Insulin resistance Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Pancreas Hepatic steatosis Adipose tissue

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Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is associated with low muscle mass and strength in patients with chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1652-1666页

作者： Cecy maria de Lima Santos Matheus Duarte Brito Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castro Thais Pontello de Vries Nataly Lopes Viana marta Paula Pereira Coelho Olívio Brito Malheiro Tatiana Bering maria Cristina Gonzalez Rosangela Teixeira Rodrigo Dias Cambraia Gifone Aguiar Rocha Luciana Diniz silva Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis Instituto Alfa de GastroenterologiaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Locomotor System Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Food and Nutrition Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoCuiabá78060-900Mato GrossoBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health and Behaviour Catholic University of PelotasPelotas 96015-560Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Although the prognostic relevance of sarcopenia has been increasingly recognised in the context of liver disease,there is a paucity of data evaluating body composition in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Beyond virus-related factors,nutritional and metabolic aspects can be associated with skeletal muscle abnormalities in these patients and should not be *** To evaluate the association between components of sarcopenia and demographic,clinical,lifestyle,nutritional,and biochemical variables in CHB *** Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)was used to assess muscle mass by quantifying appendicular lean mass(ALM)adjusted for body mass index(ALMBMI).Muscle function was evaluated by hand grip strength(HGS)and the timed up and go ***-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)was defined according to the criteria proposed by an international expert panel.A body shape index and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to assess central obesity and physical activity level,*** This cross-sectional study included 105 CHB outpatients followed at the tertiary care ambulatory centre(mean age,48.5±12.0 years;58.1%males;76.2%without cirrhosis;23.8%with compensated cirrhosis).The DXA-derived fat mass percentage was inversely correlated with the ALMBMI(r=-0.87)and HGS(r=-0.63).In the multivariable analysis,MAFLD,sedentarism and central obesity were positively and independently associated with low *** and central obesity were independently associated with low *** MAFLD and central obesity were associated with low muscle mass and strength in patients with chronic hepatitis B,independent of the liver disease stage.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Appendicular lean mass Muscle strength Metabolic associated fatty liver disease Central obesity Physical performance

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Missense mutation of a class B heat shock factor is responsible for the tomato bushy root-2 phenotype

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Molecular Horticulture 2022年第1期2卷 51-62页

作者： Zoltan Kevei silva Demetryus silva Ferreira Cristina maria Perez Casenave Tomasz Kurowski Fady Mohareb Daniel Rickett Chris Stain Andrew J.Thompson Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute College RoadCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK430ALUK Syngenta Crop Protection Jealott’s Hill International Research CentreBracknellBerkshire RG426EYUK

The bushy root-2(brt-2)tomato mutant has twisting roots,and slower plant *** we used whole genome resequencing and genetic mapping to show that brt-2 is caused by a serine to cysteine(S75C)substitution in the DNA binding domain(DBD)of a heat shock factor class B(HsfB)encoded by *** gene is orthologous to the Arabidopsis SCHIZORIZA gene,also known as *** brt-2 phenotype is very similar to Arabidopsis lines in which the function of AtHsfB4 is altered:a proliferation of lateral root cap and root meristematic tissues,and a tendency for lateral root cap cells to easily *** brt-2 S75C mutation is unusual because all other reported amino acid substitutions in the highly conserved DBD of eukaryotic heat shock factors are dominant negative mutations,but brt-2 is *** further show through reciprocal grafting that brt-2 exerts its effects predominantly through the root genotype even through BRT-2 is expressed at similar levels in both root and shoot *** AtHsfB4 is induced by root knot nematodes(RKN),and loss-of-function mutants of this gene are resistant to RKNs,BRT-2 could be a target gene for RKN resistance,an important trait in tomato rootstock ***&accession numbers SolycHsfB4a-Solyc04g078770.

关键词： Bushy root-2 Genetic mapping HsfB4 Root knot nematode resistance SCHIZORIZA Tomato

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Time-dependent impact of a high-fat diet on the intestinal barrier of male mice

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 114-123页

作者： Carolline Santos Miranda Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira Isabela Lopes Vasques-Monteiro Nathan Soares Dantas-Miranda Jade Sancha de Oliveira Glauser Flavia maria silva-Veiga Vanessa Souza-Mello Department of Anatomy Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil

BACKGROUND Excessive saturated fat intake compromises the integrity of the intestinal mucosa,leading to low-grade inflammation,impaired mucosal integrity,and increased intestinal permeability,resulting in the migration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to other *** To evaluate the chronic effects(at 10 and 16 wk)of a high-fat diet(HFD)(with 50%energy as fat)on the phylogenetic gut microbiota distribution and intestinal barrier structure and protection in C57BL/6 *** Forty adult male mice were divided into four nutritional groups,where the letters refer to the type of diet(control and HFD or HF)and the numbers refer to the period(in weeks)of diet administration:Control diet for 10 wk,HFD for 10 wk,control diet for 16 wk,and HFD for 16 *** sacrifice,biochemical,molecular,and stereological analyses were *** The HF groups were overweight,had gut dysbiosis,had a progressive decrease in occludin immunostaining,and had increased LPS *** progression reduced the number of goblet cells per large intestine area and Mucin2 expression in the HF16 group,consistent with a completely disarranged intestinal ultrastructure after 16 wk of HFD *** Chronic HFD intake causes overweight,gut dysbiosis,and morphological and functional alterations of the intestinal barrier after 10 or 16 ***-dependent reductions in goblet cell numerical density and mucus production have emerged as targets for countering obesity-driven intestinal damage.

关键词： High-fat diet Intestine Ultrastructure Goblet cells Gut microbiota

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Large ferro-pyro-phototronic effect in 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)thin films integrated on silicon for photodetection

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 1-10页

作者： JoséP.B.silva Katarzyna Gwozdz Luís S.Marques Mario Pereira maria J.M.Gomes Judith L.MacManus‐Driscoll Robert L.Z.Hoye Centre of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto(CF‐UM‐UP) University of MinhoBragaPortugal Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal Department of Quantum Technologies Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy CambridgeUK Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Coupling together the ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and photovoltaic characteristics within a single material is a novel way to improve the performance of *** this work,we take advantage of the triple multifunctionality shown by 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)(BCZT),as demonstrated in an Al/Si/SiOx/BCZT/ITO thin-film *** Si/SiOx acts as an n-type layer to form a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor heterostructure with the BCZT,and with Al and ITO as *** photo-response of the device,with excitation from a violet laser(405 nm wavelength),is carefully investigated,and it is shown that the photodetector performance is invariant with the chopper frequency owing to the pyro-phototronic effect,which corresponds to the coupling together of the pyroelectric and photovoltaic ***,the photodetector performance was significantly better than that of the devices operating based only on the pyro-phototronic effect by a factor of 4,due to the presence of ferroelectricity in the ***,after a poling voltage of−15 V,for a laser power density of 230mW/cm^(2)and at a chopper frequency of 400Hz,optimized responsivity,detectivity,and sensitivity values of 13.1mA/W,1.7×10^(10)Jones,and 26.9,respectively,are ***,ultrafast rise and fall times of 2.4 and 1.5μs,respectively,are obtained,which are 35,000 and 36,000 times faster rise and fall responses,respectively,than previous reports of devices with the ferro-pyro-phototronic *** is understood based on the much faster ferroelectric switching in ferroelectric thin films owing to the predominant 180°domains in a single direction out of plane.

关键词： ferroelectric ferro-pyro-phototronic effect photodetector polarization-controlled response

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