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Robust transcriptional indicators of immune cell death revealed by spatiotemporal transcriptome analyses

Molecular Plant 2022年第6期15卷 1059-1075页

作者： Jose Salguero-Linares Irene Serrano Nerea Ruiz-Solani marta Salas-Gómez Ujjal Jyoti Phukan Victor Manuel González martíbernardo-faura Marc Valls David Rengel Nuria S.Coll Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaSpain LIPM Universitéde ToulouseINRACNRS84195 Castanet-TolosanFrance INRAE GeT-PlaGeGenotoul31326 Castanet-TolosanFrance Department of Genetics Universitat de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC) BarcelonaSpain Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology.Albrechtvon Haller Institute for Plant Sciences niversity of GottingenJulia-Lermontowa-Weg3.37077 GottingenGrmany Institut de Phammacologie et de Biologie Structurale IPBS Universite deToulouse CNRSUPSBP 64182205 route de Nartxonne310077 Toulouse Cedex 04France

Recognition of a pathogen by the plant immune system often triggers a form of regulated cell death traditionally known as the hypersensitive response(HR).This type of cell death occurs precisely at the site of pathogen recognition,and it is restricted to a few cells.Extensive research has shed light on how plant immune receptors are mechanistically activated.However,two central key questions remain largely unresolved:how does cell death zonation take place,and what are the mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon?Consequently,bona fide transcriptional indicators of HR are lacking,which prevents deeper insight into its mechanisms before cell death becomes macroscopic and precludes early or live observation.In this study,to identify the transcriptional indicators of HR we used the paradigmatic Arabidopsis thaliana–Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem and performed a spatiotemporally resolved gene expression analysis that compared infected cells that will undergo HR upon pathogen recognition with bystander cells that will stay alive and activate immunity.Our data revealed unique and time-dependent differences in the repertoire of differentially expressed genes,expression profiles,and biological processes derived from tissue undergoing HR and that of its surroundings.Furthermore,we generated a pipeline based on concatenated pairwise comparisons between time,zone,and treatment that enabled us to define 13 robust transcriptional HR markers.Among these genes,the promoter of an uncharacterized AAA-ATPase was used to obtain a fluorescent reporter transgenic line that displays a strong spatiotemporally resolved signal specifically in cells that will later undergo pathogen-triggered cell death.This valuable set of genes can be used to define cells that are destined to die upon infection with HR-triggering bacteria,opening new avenues for specific and/or high-throughput techniques to study HR processes at a single-cell level.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell death indicator effector-triggered immunity hypersensitive response pattern-triggered immunity plant immunity Pseudomonas syringae

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Russian Music of the Soviet Era: For Archive or Forever

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第1期12卷 1-7页

作者： faura Lechs National Library of Israel JerusalemIsrael1

The purpose of the article is to present several topics in Russian music of the Soviet era(roughly 1920-1990).The time that has passed since the fall of the Iron Curtain allows us to rethink and revise the cultural treasures of seven decades and reassess new research of the last decade,carried out both by people who previously gained a reputation as an authority in Soviet culture,and by scientists who came from this environment and began sharing their vision of the subject after acquiring the skills of a Western scholar.The article is based mainly on the latter research and tries to see its subject as a complete picture,albeit with missing details,so to speak,a postmodern picture that requires the reader to participate in its refinement.The methodological basis of this study is working with published sources through the critical lens of cultural anthropology as it has developed and presently looks.

关键词： Shostakovich Prokofiev Soviet cultural doctrine formalism atheistic ideology sacred music

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台湾的韧性形变、中新世推复体及其与菲律宾海板块运动的关系

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海洋地质前沿 1992年第10期 17-18页

作者： M.faura 尹延鸿

1.台湾的地质背景台湾岛被经向山谷断裂分成两个不相等的部分。经向山谷断裂以西即台湾的主要部分属于中国东南部的大陆边缘,该区可分成4个地质单元。自西向东我们可连续看到:海岸平原带,是由更新世台地砾岩组成;西部丘岭带,是由浅水晚... 详细信息

1.台湾的地质背景台湾岛被经向山谷断裂分成两个不相等的部分。经向山谷断裂以西即台湾的主要部分属于中国东南部的大陆边缘,该区可分成4个地质单元。自西向东我们可连续看到:海岸平原带,是由更新世台地砾岩组成;西部丘岭带,是由浅水晚渐新世至中更世碎屑岩组成并逆掩了前一个单元;板岩带,是由始新世至中-中新世砂岩和粉砂岩组成,轻微变质为葡萄石-绿纤石相至低绿片岩相,并为向西的倒转褶皱或冲断层作用所变形;前第三纪基底带,形成了台湾造山带之核部。台湾的形变一般被解释为是由渐新世至更新世时的吕宋火山弧与中国大陆边缘的碰撞所形成。然而,第三纪的韧性变形是很难包括在这个解释中。

关键词：前第三纪中新世板岩带推复体板块运动

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