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Mapping Correlation Dimension along the Wall Region of a High-Flux Gas-Solid Riser Using Embedded Solid Concentration Time Series

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Engineering（科研） 2018年第10期10卷 655-679页

作者： Justin M. Jeremiah Samwel V. Manyele Abraham K. temu Jesse-X. Zhu Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western Ontario London Canada

Analysis of the entrance and wall dynamics of a high-flux gas-solid riser was conducted using embedded solid concentration time series collected from a 76 mm internal diameter and 10 m high riser of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) system. The riser was operated at 4.0 to 10.0 m/s air velocity and 50 to 550 kg/m2s solids flux of spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst particles with 67 μm mean diameter and density of 1500 kg/m3. Data were analyzed using prepared FORTRAN 2008 code to get correlation integral followed by determination of correlation dimensions with respect to the hyperspherical radius and their profiles, plots of which were studied. It was found that correlation dimension profiles at the centre have single peak with higher values than the wall region profiles. Towards the wall, these profiles have double or multiple peaks showing bifractal or multifractal flow behaviors. As the velocity increases the wall region profiles become random and irregular. Further it was found that, as the height increases the correlation dimension profiles shift towards higher hyperspherical radius at the centre and towards lower hyperspherical radius in the wall region at r/R = 0.81. The established method of mapping correlation dimension profiles in this study forms a suitable tool for analysis of high-flux riser dynamics compared to other analyses approaches. However, further analysis is recommended to other gas-solid CFB riser of different dimensions operated at high-flux conditions using the established method.

关键词： Correlation Integral Mapping Correlation Dimension High-Flux Gas-Solid Riser Embedded Solid Concentration Time Series

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Investigation of Entrance and Wall Dynamics of the High-Flux Gas-Solid Riser Using Statistical Analysis of Solids Concentration Signals

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第3期11卷 167-187页

Statistical analysis of the entrance and wall dynamics of a high-flux gas-solid riser was done using solid concentration time series data collected from a 76 mm internal diameter and 10 m high riser of a CFB system with a twin-riser operated at 4.0 to 10.0 m/s gas velocity and 50 to 550 kg/m2s solids flux. Spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst particles with 67 μm mean diameter and density of 1500 kg/m3 together with 70% to 80% humid air was used. Solid concentration data were analysed using code prepared using FORTRAN 2008 to get statistical parameters and plot their profiles. Results obtained show that the gas-solid suspension flow in the riser is dominated by low solid concentration in the centre region and high solid concentration in the wall region which forms a core-annulus flow structure. The mean solid concentration in the wall region decreases with riser height from the dense bottom section to less dense in the fully developed flow section at the top of the riser. The gas-solid suspension flow in the centre region is dominated with uniform flow structure while the wall region is dominated with high fluctuations in solid concentration. Further, it was found that the entrance and developing flow sections of the riser exhibit high flow non-uniformities than the fully developed flow section of the riser. The flow non-uniformities in the entrance and developing flow section increase with increase in superficial gas velocity at constant solid flux. The wall region, from the entrance to the top sections of the riser along the axial direction exhibits both dilute and dense suspension flow.

关键词： Entrance Section Wall Region Statistical Analysis Flow Non-Uniformities Radial Non-Uniformity Index

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Mapping the Wall-Region Dynamics of High-Flux Gas-Solid Riser Using Scaling Regions from the Solid Concentration Time Series

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第1期11卷 74-92页

An experimental study of the gas-solid flow dynamics in the high-flux CFB riser was accomplished by analysing the scaling regions from solid concentration signals collected from a 76 mm internal diameters and 10 m high riser of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) system. The riser was operated at 4.0 to 10.0 m/s gas velocity and 50 to 550 kg/m2s solids flux. Spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst particles of 67 μm mean diameter and 1500 kg/m3 density together with 70% to 80% humid air was used. Solid concentration data were analysed using codes prepared in FORTRAN 2008 to get correlation integrals at different embedding dimensions and operating conditions and plot their profiles. Scaling regions were identified by visual inspection method and their location on planes determined. Scaling regions were analysed based on operating conditions and riser spatial locations. It was found that scaling regions occupy different locations on the plane depending on the number of embedding dimensions and operating conditions. As the number of embedding dimensions increases the spacing between scaling regions decreases until it saturates towards higher embedding dimensions. Slopes of scaling regions increases with embedding dimensions until saturation where they become constant. Slopes of scaling regions towards the wall decrease while the number of scaling regions for a particular profile increases. The span of the scaling region is wider at the initial values of hyperspherical radius than its final values. The scaling regions in some flow development sections show multifractal behaviour for each embedding dimension which manifests into visible basin which is defined in this study as multifractal basin. Further, the end points of the scaling region for each correlation integral profile differ from each other as the embedding dimension changes. This study suggests that identification of scaling region by visual inspection method is useful in understanding the gas-solid flow d

关键词： Scaling Region Correlation Integral Correlation Dimension Embedding Dimensions Multifractal Basin High-Flux Riser

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Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第4期3卷 248-254页

作者： Godlisten G. Kombe Abraham K. temu Hassan M. Rajabu Godwill D. Mrema Keat Teong Lee 不详

A novel low temperature glycerolysis process for lowering free fatty acid (FFA) in crude jatropha oil for alkali catalyzed transesterification has been developed. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design was used to model and optimize the glycerolysis efficiency under three reaction variables namely;reaction time, temperature and glycerol to oil mass ratio. The optimum conditions for highest glycerolysis efficiency of 98.67% were found to be temperature of 65℃, reaction time of 73 minutes and 2.24 g/g glycerol to oil mass ratio. These conditions lower the high free fatty acid of crude jatropha oil from 4.54% to 0.0654% which is below 3% recommended for alkali catalyzed transesterification. The pre-treated crude jatropha oil was then transesterified by using homogeneous base transesterification resulting to a conversion of 97.87%. The fuel properties of jatropha biodiesel obtained were found to be comparable to those of ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The process can also utilize the crude glycerol from the transesterification reaction, hence lowering the cost of biodiesel. The glycerolysis is easier implemented than acid esterification thereby avoiding the need for neutralization and alcohol removal step.

关键词： Biodiesel Glycerolysis Free Fatty Acid Re-Esterification

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Pre-Treatment of High Free Fatty Acids Oils by Chemical Re-Esterification for Biodiesel Production—A Review

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第4期3卷 242-247页

作者： Godlisten G. Kombe Abraham K. temu Hassan M. Rajabu Godwill D. Mrema Jibrail Kansedo Keat Teong Lee Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering College of Engineering and Technology

Non edible oil sources have the potential to lower the cost of biodiesel. However, they usually contain significant high amounts of free fatty acids (FFA) that make them inadequate for direct base catalyzed transesterification reaction (where the FFA content should be lower than 3%). The present work reviews chemical re-esterification as a possible method for the pre-treatment of high FFA feedstock for biodiesel production. The effects of temperature, amount of glycerol, type and amount of catalyst have been discussed. Chemical re-esterification lowers FFA to acceptable levels for transesterification at the same time utilizing the glycerol by product from the same process. Further researches have been proposed as a way forward to improve the process kinetics and optimization so as to make it more economical.

关键词： Chemical Re-Esterification High Free Fatty Acid Glycerolysis Biodiesel Feedstock

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用于检测癫痫患者EEG背景异常的新能谱指数

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 32-33页

作者： temu in C.M. Tokaer A.B. Bilir E. 江山 Hacettepe University Inst. of Neurol. Sci. and PsychiatrySihhiye Ankara Turkey

Objective: In epileptic disorders, EEG background activity is disorganized in or near the epileptogenic focus and spectral EEG analysis(SEA) can provide usefu l information about the focus. We tried to develop a new spectral index from bas ic spectral parameters to detect the epileptic abnormalities at EEG background a ctivity. Methods: A new spectral EEG index,epileptic abnormality index(EAI), was constructed from frequency band power and power asymmetry *** the index,parameters were weigh- ted due to both conventional EEG knowledge and their power in discrimination h ealthy subjects from patients. EEG background activity from 99 epileptic patient s and 146 healthy subjects was examined both by EAI and by a conventional SEA me thod, by using z-scoring *** test results were compared with visual EEG interpretation of subjects. Results: In patient groups,EAI was most successf ul in lateralization of epileptic abnormalities. It was also helpful in discrimi nation of epileptic patients from normals in the case where visual EEG interpret ation was ‘normal’. Conclusions:EAI depends on basic spectral parameters and i t combines statistical methods and clinical knowledge about EEG. It increases th e analysis capacity of SEA in evaluation of EEG background activity. Significanc e: EAI is a new and useful approach in detection of EEG background abnormalities in epilepsy and its logical base can also be used in the detection of brain ele ctrical activity abnormalities other than epileptic disorders.

关键词：谱指数背景活动 EEG 癫痫病灶功率谱视觉判断健康受试者有效区分鉴别能力鉴别诊断

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《蒙古—卫拉特法典》研究述评

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内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2008年第6期37卷 42-45页

作者：特木尔宝力道内蒙古师范大学法政学院内蒙古呼和浩特010022

对于《蒙古—卫拉特法典》的研究,应采取国内外各学科专家学者联合攻关方式,广泛进行实地调查研究。这对于正确理解17世纪蒙古社会制度及其法律制度,科学地评价和传承蒙古族及其他民族法律文化,构建依法治理的和谐社会,实现建立社会主... 详细信息

对于《蒙古—卫拉特法典》的研究,应采取国内外各学科专家学者联合攻关方式,广泛进行实地调查研究。这对于正确理解17世纪蒙古社会制度及其法律制度,科学地评价和传承蒙古族及其他民族法律文化,构建依法治理的和谐社会,实现建立社会主义法治国家的宏伟目标,具有重要理论意义和现实意义。

关键词：卫拉特法典研究建议

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Impact of 1,7-malaria reactive community-based testing and response(1,7-mRCTR)approach on malaria prevalence inTanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 103-104页

作者： Wei Chang Jessica Cohen Duo‑Quan Wang Salim Abdulla Muhidin Kassim Mahende Tegemeo Gavana Valerie Scott Hajirani M.Msuya Mary Mwanyika‑Sando Ritha John ANjau Shen‑Ning Lu Silas temu Honorati Masanja Wilbald Anthony Maru Aregawi W Naveen Sunder Tang Kun Katia Bruxvoort Jovin Kitau Fadhila Kihwele Godlove Chila Mihayo Michael Marcia Castro Nicolas AMenzies Sein Kim Xiao Ning Xiao‑Nong Zhou Prosper Chaki Yeromin P.Mlacha Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston USA Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Shanghai People’s Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai People’s Republic of China WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases Shanghai People’s Republic of China Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam United Republic of Tanzania Africa Academy for Public Health Dar es Salaam Tanzania Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Ministry of Science and Technology Shanghai People’s Republic of China Global Malaria Programme World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Bentley University Waltham USA Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua University Beijing People’s Republic of China School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham USA The Pan-African Mosquito Control Association (PAMCA) KEMRI Headquarters Nairobi Kenya

Background Progress in malaria control has stalled in recent years and innovative surveillance and response approaches are needed to accelerate malaria control and elimination eforts in endemic areas of ***‑ing on a previous China-UK-Tanzania pilot study on malaria control,this study aimed to assess the impact of the 1,7-malaria Reactive Community-Based Testing and Response(1,7-mRCTR)approach implemented over two years in three districts of *** The 1,7-mRCTR approach provides community-based malaria testing via rapid diagnostic tests and treat‑ment in villages with the highest burden of malaria incidence based on surveillance data from health *** used a diference-in-diferences quasi-experimental design with linear probability models and two waves of crosssectional household surveys to assess the impact of 1,7-mRCTR on malaria *** conducted sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results,examined how intervention efects varied in subgroups,and explored alternative explanations for the observed *** Between October 2019 and September 2021,244,771 community-based malaria rapid tests were com‑pleted in intervention areas,and each intervention village received an average of 3.85 rounds of *** prevalence declined from 27.4%at baseline to 11.7%at endline in the intervention areas and from 26.0%to 16.0%in the control areas.1,7-mRCTR was associated with a 4.5-percentage-point decrease in malaria prevalence(95%confdence interval:−0.067,−0.023),equivalent to a 17%reduction from the *** Rufji,a district characterized by lower prevalence and where larviciding was additionally provided,1,7-mRCTR was associated with a 63.9%decline in malaria *** The 1,7-mRCTR approach reduced malaria *** implementation interruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain challenges,the study provided novel evidence on the efectiveness of community-based reactive approache

关键词： Malaria Surveillance and response Incidence rate Community-health worker Health facility Communitybased testing and treatment 1,7-mRCTR Tanzania

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关于《清凉山新志》及其相关著述——罗卜桑丹津《黄金史》研究系列论文之一

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内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2008年第6期37卷 29-32页

作者：白.特木尔巴根内蒙古师范大学蒙古学学院内蒙古呼和浩特010022

《黄金史》是17世纪蒙古历史文献中的一部重要典籍。关于其作者罗卜桑丹津的生平事迹、著述经历等方面的研究始终处于众说纷纭,向无定论的状态。笔者援据《清凉山新志》及其相关著述,就作者的生卒年、《圣地五台山志》的刊刻年代等进行... 详细信息

《黄金史》是17世纪蒙古历史文献中的一部重要典籍。关于其作者罗卜桑丹津的生平事迹、著述经历等方面的研究始终处于众说纷纭,向无定论的状态。笔者援据《清凉山新志》及其相关著述,就作者的生卒年、《圣地五台山志》的刊刻年代等进行了文献考证,并对国内外一些学者所持的论点提出了质疑。

关键词：《清凉山新志》相关著述《黄金史》研究

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基于蒙医白脉理论探析帕金森病

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世界科学技术-中医药现代化 2022年第1期24卷 143-148页

作者：小梅特木其乐初拉图门乌力吉内蒙古医科大学附属医院呼和浩特010030 内蒙古自治区国际蒙医医院呼和浩特010020

帕金森病是以多巴胺能神经元减少导致的以静止性震颤、肌强直、运动迟缓和姿势步态障碍为主要临床症状的疾病。此病是蒙医白脉病的一种,又称彻彻热乎病。蒙医将人体的脉络分为白脉和黑脉。白脉病是白脉系统遭受致病因素的影响后所致的... 详细信息

帕金森病是以多巴胺能神经元减少导致的以静止性震颤、肌强直、运动迟缓和姿势步态障碍为主要临床症状的疾病。此病是蒙医白脉病的一种,又称彻彻热乎病。蒙医将人体的脉络分为白脉和黑脉。白脉病是白脉系统遭受致病因素的影响后所致的一系列疾病的总称,临床上很多疾病归属于“白脉病”。为更好的实现对蒙医优势单病种的规范化研究,本文基于白脉理论,探析蒙医对帕金森病的认识,以期为未来的研究提供理论支持。

关键词：蒙医白脉帕金森病彻彻热乎病

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