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Current status of yttrium-90 microspheres radioembolization in primary and metastatic liver cancer

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2023年第4期6卷 152-158页

作者： Yasaman Anbari Floortje e.Veerman grace Keane Arthur J.A.T.Braat Maarten L.J.Smits Rutger C.g.Bruijnen Wenle Tan Ye Li Feng Duan marnix g.e.h.lam University Medical Center Utrecht Utrechtthe Netherlands Interventional Radiology Department Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Liver malignancy,including primary liver cancer and metastatic liver cancer has become one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide due to the high malignant degree and limited systematic treatment strategy.Radioembolization with yttrium-90(^(90)Y)-loaded microspheres is a relatively novel technology that has made significant progress in the local treatment of liver malignancy.The different steps in the extensive work-up of radioembolization for patients with an indication for treatment with^(90)Y microspheres,from patient selection to follow up,both technically and clinically,are discussed in this paper.It describes the application and development of^(90)Y microspheres in the treatment of liver cancer.

关键词： Yttrium-90 microspheres Primary liver cancer Metastatic liver cancer Selective internal radiation therapy Trans-arterial radioembolization

Regulation of PM_(2.5)on mitochondrial damage in h9c2 cells through miR-421/SIRT3 pathway and protective effect of miR-421 inhibitor and resveratrol

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 288-300页

作者： Shanshan Chen Wenqi Chen Zhiping Li Jianwei Yue Ken Kin lam Yung Ruijin Li Institute of environmental Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Judicial Identification Techniques for environmental Damage Shanxi University and Shanxi Unisdom Testing Technology Co.Ltd.Taiyuan 030006China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Shanxi Yellow River Laboratory Taiyuan 030006China

Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)morbidity and mortality.Mitochondria are sensitive targets of PM_(2.5),and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of CVD.The epigenetic mechanism of PM_(2.5)-triggered mitochondrial injury of cardiomyocytes is unclear.This study focused on the mi R-421/SIRT3 signaling pathway to investigate the regulatory mechanism in cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in rat h9c2 cells induced by PM_(2.5).Results illustrated that PM_(2.5)impaired mitochondrial function and caused dynamics homeostasis imbalance.Besides,PM_(2.5)up-regulated mi R-421 and down-regulated SIRT3 gene expression,along with decreasing p-FOXO3a(SIRT3 downstream target gene)and p-Parkin expression and triggering abnormal expression of fusion gene OPA1 and fission gene Drp1.Further,mi R-421 inhibitor(mi R-421i)and resveratrol significantly elevated the SIRT3 levels in h9c2 cells after PM_(2.5)exposure and mediated the expression of SOD2,OPA1 and Drp1,restoring the mitochondrial morphology and function.It suggests that mi R-421/SIRT3 pathway plays an epigenetic regulatory role in mitochondrial damage induced by PM_(2.5)and that mi R-421i and resveratrol exert protective effects against PM_(2.5)-incurred cardiotoxicity.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Rat h9c2 cells Mitochondrial damage MiR-421 SIRT3 Resveratrol

The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan V A harutynyan e M Kazaryan h A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is proposed.The charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are calculated.The electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL thicknesses.It is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into account.Also,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of impurities.We calculate the canonical partition function using the energy levels of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron gas.The thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states

Unknown DDoS Attack Detection with Fuzzy C-Means Clustering and Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2181-2205页

作者： Thanh-lam Nguyen haoKao Thanh-Tuan Nguyen Mong-Fong horng Chin-Shiuh Shieh Department of electronic engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung807618Taiwan Department of electronic and Automation engineering Nha Trang UniversityNha Trang650000Vietnam

Since its inception,the Internet has been rapidly evolving.With the advancement of science and technology and the explosive growth of the population,the demand for the Internet has been on the rise.Many applications in education,healthcare,entertainment,science,and more are being increasingly deployed based on the internet.Concurrently,malicious threats on the internet are on the rise as well.Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks are among the most common and dangerous threats on the internet today.The scale and complexity of DDoS attacks are constantly growing.Intrusion Detection Systems(IDS)have been deployed and have demonstrated their effectiveness in defense against those threats.In addition,the research of Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)in IDS has gained effective results and significant attention.however,one of the challenges when applying ML and DL techniques in intrusion detection is the identification of unknown attacks.These attacks,which are not encountered during the system’s training,can lead to misclassification with significant errors.In this research,we focused on addressing the issue of Unknown Attack Detection,combining two methods:Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss(SLCPL)and Fuzzy C-Means(FCM).With the proposed method,we achieved promising results compared to traditional methods.The proposed method demonstrates a very high accuracy of up to 99.8%with a low false positive rate for known attacks on the Intrusion Detection evaluation Dataset(CICIDS2017)dataset.Particularly,the accuracy is also very high,reaching 99.7%,and the precision goes up to 99.9%for unknown DDoS attacks on the DDoS evaluation Dataset(CICDDoS2019)dataset.The success of the proposed method is due to the combination of SLCPL,an advanced Open-Set Recognition(OSR)technique,and FCM,a traditional yet highly applicable clustering technique.This has yielded a novel method in the field of unknown attack detection.This further expands the trend of applying DL and ML techniques in the development of intrusion det

关键词： Cybersecurity DDoS unknown attack detection machine learning deep learning incremental learning convolutional neural networks(CNN) open-set recognition(OSR) spatial location constraint prototype loss fuzzy c-means CICIDS2017 CICDDoS2019

Mast cell activation syndrome:An up-to-date review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 104-113页

作者： ÖnerÖzdemir gökçe Kasımoğlu Ayşegül Bak hüseyin Sütlüoğlu Süreyya Savaşan Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Sakarya UniversitySakaryaAdapazarı54100Türkiye Department of Pediatrics Sakarya UniversitySakaryaAdapazarı54100Türkiye Department of Pediatrics Kocaeli City HospitalKocaeli 50123Türkiye Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of MichiganHematology/OncologyCentral Michigan University College of MedicineMount PleasantMI 48859United States Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI 12345United States

Mast cells are a subtype of white blood cells and are involved in the immune system.These cells contain many chemical substances called mediators,which are involved in the allergic response.The fact that mast cells play a role in many events that require urgent intervention,especially anaphylaxis,has led to a more detailed study of these cells.The diseases also caused by dysfunctions of mast cells have been examined in many circumstances.For instance,mast cell activation syndrome is known as an augmented number of cells due to decreased cell death,resulting in clinical symptoms affecting many systems.The main common symptoms include flushing,hypotension,urticaria,angioedema,headache,vomiting and diarrhea.Although the underlying mechanism is not yet clearly known,we aim to review the literature in a broad perspective and bring together the existing knowledge in the light of the literature due to the diversity of its involvement in the body and the fact that it is a little known syndrome.

关键词： Mast cell Mast cell activation syndrome Tryptase histamine

Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury:a perspective on future research directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2105-2106页

作者： Anthony e.Kline eleni h.Moschonas Corina O.Bondi Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for Neuroscience University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Neurobiology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) impacts 69 million individuals globally each year and is a leading cause of death and disability(Dewan et al.,2019).The majority of moderate-to-severe TBI survivors endure long-lasting disturbances in motor,cognitive,and affect that negatively impacts their life.Although a plethora of research on pharmacological interventions for TBI has been conducted,none has translated to the clinic,thus advocating for the evaluation of nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches that may increase translational success.

关键词： injury traumatic

Development of an active-site titrant for SARS-CoV-2 main protease as an indispensable tool for evaluating enzyme kinetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2349-2357页

作者： Rabea Voget Julian Breidenbach Tobias Claff Alexandra hingst Katharina Sylvester Christian Steinebach Lan Phuong Vu Renato h.Weiße Ulrike Bartz Norbert Sträter Christa e.Müller Michael gütschow Pharmaceutical Institute Pharmaceutical&Medicinal ChemistryUniversity of BonnBonn 53121Germany Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry Center for Biotechnology and BiomedicineLeipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Natural Sciences University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-SiegRheinbach 53359Germany

A titrant for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease(M^(pro))was developed that enables,for the first time,the exact determination of the concentration of the enzymatically active M^(pro) by active-site titration.The covalent binding mode of the tetrapeptidic titrant was elucidated by the determination of the crystal structure of the enzyme–titrant complex.Four fluorogenic substrates of M^(pro),including a prototypical,internally quenched Dabcyl-eDANS peptide,were compared in terms of solubility under typical assay conditions.By exploiting the new titrant,key kinetic parameters for the M^(pro)-catalyzed cleavage of these substrates were determined.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Main protease Peptide nitriles Fluorogenic substrates Active-site titration X-ray crystallography Inner filter effect

Physics-informed deep learning for fringe pattern analysis

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Opto-electronic Advances 2024年第1期7卷 4-15页

作者： Wei Yin Yuxuan Che Xinsheng Li Mingyu Li Yan hu Shijie Feng edmund Y.lam Qian Chen Chao Zuo Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory(SCILab) School of Electronic and Optical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute(SCIRI)of Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210019China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense Nanjing 210094China Department of electrical and electronic engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China

Recently,deep learning has yielded transformative success across optics and photonics,especially in optical metrology.Deep neural networks (DNNs) with a fully convolutional architecture (e.g.,U-Net and its derivatives) have been widely implemented in an end-to-end manner to accomplish various optical metrology tasks,such as fringe denoising,phase unwrapping,and fringe analysis.however,the task of training a DNN to accurately identify an image-to-image transform from massive input and output data pairs seems at best naive,as the physical laws governing the image formation or other domain expertise pertaining to the measurement have not yet been fully exploited in current deep learning practice.To this end,we introduce a physics-informed deep learning method for fringe pattern analysis (PI-FPA) to overcome this limit by integrating a lightweight DNN with a learning.e.h.nced Fourier transform profilometry (Le FTP) module.By parameterizing conventional phase retrieval methods,the Le FTP module embeds the prior knowledge in the network structure and the loss function to directly provide reliable phase results for new types of samples,while circumventing the requirement of collecting a large amount of high-quality data in supervised learning methods.guided by the initial phase from Le FTP,the phase recovery ability of the lightweight DNN is enhanced to further improve the phase accuracy at a low computational cost compared with existing end-to-end networks.experimental results demonstrate that PI-FPA enables more accurate and computationally efficient single-shot phase retrieval,exhibiting its excellent generalization to various unseen objects during training.The proposed PI-FPA presents that challenging issues in optical metrology can be potentially overcome through the synergy of physics-priors-based traditional tools and data-driven learning approaches,opening new avenues to achieve fast and accurate single-shot 3D imaging.

关键词： optical metrology deep learning physics-informed neural networks fringe analysis phase retrieval

Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang howard h.W.Wong Leo C.h.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.h.Luk Jenson C.h.ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer h.Y.lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred h.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina hKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is necessary.Fractional dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is unknown.This study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in adolescents.Methods Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days later.humoral and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,respectively.Results Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin g(Igg),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)Igg,S Igg Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4+,SNM-specific IL-2+CD8+,S-specific IL-2+CD8+,N-specific IL-2+CD4+,N-specific IL-2+CD8+and M-specific IL-2+CD4+responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas Igg avidity was inferior.For ID-CCC,S-RBD Igg,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S Igg avidity,S Igg FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2+CD4+,interferon-γ+CD8+and IL-2+CD8+responses were superior and non-inferior to IM-CCC.The estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,respectively.The ID groups reported more local,mild adverse reactions.Conclusion This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the immunogenicity of inactivated vaccines.

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine