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Small and simple:next-generation miniaturized diffraction-based spectrometer with computational reconstruction algorithms

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1008-1011页

作者： markus Suta Inorganic Photoactive Materials Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

An ultra-simple and miniaturized spectrometer using an arbitrarily shaped pinhole as diffraction element reconstructs a broadband spectrum from the information of diffraction of monochromatic radiation by clever computational reconstruction *** circumvents complex calibration procedures and paves the way to cost-effective on-chip spectrometers combining fast acquisition without significant loss in spectral resolution.

关键词： arbitrarily shaped element

Distortions in focusing laser pulses due to spatio-temporal couplings:an analytic description

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus Steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman markus Loeser Richard Pausch Thomas Püschel Roland Sauerbrey Susanne schöbel Ulrich schramm Mathias Siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CASUS-Center for Advanced Systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser pulses,small changes in dispersion properties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe pulse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different pulse properties at the point of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexpected interaction *** mapping between far-and near-field laser properties intricately depends on the spatial and angular dispersion properties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser pulse under the influence of angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion,we derive analytical expressions for its pulse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic expression for its electric field in the time±space domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** expression is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire propagation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion before focusing at an off-axis parabola,where they are well measurable,to the respective values in the pulse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in example setups that the pulse-front tilts of lasers with small initial dispersion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here provide the analytical foundation for observations previously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian pulse propagation and measuring properties of the pulse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic expressions.

关键词： group-delay dispersion pulse-front tilt spatio-temporal couplings third-order dispersion ultra-short laser pulses

Embracing substrate multispecificity in plant ABC transporters

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 990-992页

作者： markus M.Geisler Department of Biology University of Fribourg1700 FribourgSwitzerland

By analogy,the first plant ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters were identified as vacuolar detoxifiers transporting glutathione conjugates into the vacuole(Martinoia et al.,1993).This somewhat negative image as"unspecific detoxifiers"still clings to plant ABC transporters today,although they have since been described to be involved in completely different programs,including development and defense(Park et al.,2017).In this context,some key plant ABC transporters have been shown to own exceptionally high substrate *** example,the transporter of the native auxin indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),Arabidopsis ABCB1,has been shown to also export the synthetic auxin 1-naphtaleneacetic acid but is even able to distinguish this substrate from its structural isomer,2-naphtaleneacetic acid(Geisler et al.,2005).Likewise,ABCG36 and ABCG37,which are known to have a broader substrate portfolio(Park et al.,2017;Aryal et al.,2023),export IBA but do not touch IAA(Aryal et al.,2023).Recently,several reports have challenged our current view on the reported high substrate specificity of plant ABCs,which requires clarification.

关键词： specificity analogy exceptional

Linking IL-10 signaling with lipid metabolic programs in macrophages:dysregulated ceramide homeostasis drives colitis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2835-2836页

作者： Imke Atreya markus F.Neurath Department of Medicine 1 University Hospital of ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) ErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,York and coworkers identified the immunometabolic regulation of mono-unsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)pools and the subsequent increase in sphingolipid biosynthesis in TLR2-activated macrophages as an important link between impaired IL-10 signaling and the development of intestinal inflammation.1 Thus,targeted interference with the newly identified IL-10/MUFA/sphingolipid axis appears as a promising strategy to restore immunometabolic homeostasis in the intestine of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).

关键词： homeostasis impaired intestine

Two hits are better than one:rational dual strategy efficiently fights neuroblastoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1802-1804页

作者： Jacques Zimmer Camille Rolin markus Ollert Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of HealthEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg University of Luxembourg Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis(ORCA)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The recently published landmark paper by Bergaggio et *** Roberto Chiarle’s group in Cancer Cell1 investigates an elegant double-hit strategy to improve anti-cancer *** important approach demonstrates in a preclinical model that chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell treatment can be rendered more efficient by increasing the cell surface expression of the CAR target structure via a small molecule.

关键词： neuroblastoma Cancer

MAVEN observation of magnetosonic waves in the Martian magnetotail region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 317-325页

作者： ShangChun Teng JiCheng Sun JiaWei Gao Y.Harada markus Fraenz DeSheng Han State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Geophysics Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research GoettingenGermany

Magnetosonic waves are an important medium for energy transfer in collisionless space *** waves have been widely investigated in the upstream of the bow shock at *** waves are believed to originate from pickup ions or reflected *** utilizing MAVEN spacecraft data,we have observed the occurrence of quasi-perpendicularly propagating magnetosonic emissions near the proton gyrofrequency in the Martian magnetotail *** plasma waves are associated with a significant enhancement of proton and oxygen *** excited magnetosonic waves could possibly heat the protons through resonance and facilitate the ionospheric plasma *** results could be helpful to better understand the Mars’magnetospheric dynamics and offer insights into possible energy redistribution between waves and plasma in the Martian nightside magnetosphere.

关键词： Martian magnetotail region magnetosonic waves proton escape

DPY19L3 promotes vasculogenicmimicry by its C-mannosyltransferase activity

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 607-614页

作者： HASSAN BAYDOUN YUJI KATO HIROKI KAMO ANNA HÜsch HAYATO MIZUTA RYOTA KAWAHARA SIRO SIMIZU Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityYokohama223-8522Japan Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TübingenTübingen72074Germany

C-mannosylation is a post-translational modification that occurs intracellularly in the endoplasmic *** humans,biosynthesis of C-mannosylation in proteins containing thrombospondin type 1 repeat is catalyzed by the DPY19 family;nonetheless,biological functions of protein C-mannosylation are not yet fully understood,especially in tumor *** mimicry(VM)is the formation of fluid-conducting channels by highly invasive and genetically deregulated tumor cells,enabling the tumors to form matrix-embedded vasculogenic structures,containing plasma and blood cells to meet the metabolic demands of rapidly growing *** this study,we focused on DPY19L3,a C-mannosyltransferase,and aimed to unravel its role in *** of DPY19L3 inhibited the formation of VM in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma ***-expression of wild-type DPY19L3 recovered VM formation;however,DPY19L3 isoform2,an enzymatic activity-defect mutant,did not restore it,suggesting that the C-mannosyltransferase activity of DPY19L3 is crucial to its ***,the knockdown of DPY19L3 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells hindered its network formation ***,our findings suggest that DPY19L3 is required for VM formation and stipulate the relevance of C-mannosylation in oncogenesis.

关键词： C-mannosylation Vasculogenic mimicry DPY19L3

Intraocular pressure before and after capsulorhexis using two viscoelastic substances and two surgical approaches in enucleated porcine eyes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1156-1160页

作者： Chiraz Ben Abdallah Walter Sekundo markus SLadewig Daniel M.Handzel Augenzentrum Osthessen Fulda 36037Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-University Marburg 35043Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-University Campus FuldaFulda 36043Germany

AIM:To investigate the influence of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices(OVDs)and different surgical approaches on the intraocular pressure(IOP)before and after creation of the curvilinear circular capsulorhexis(CCC)as a measure for anterior chamber stability during this ***:Prospective experimental WetLab study carried out on enucleated porcine *** was measured before and after CCC with the iCare Rebound tonometer(iCare ic200;iCare Finland Oy,Vantaa,Finland).The OVDs used were a cohesive one[Z-Hyalin,Carl Zeiss Meditec AG,Germany;hyaluronic acid(HA)]and a dispersive[Z-Celcoat,Carl Zeiss Meditec AG,Germany;hydroxy propylmethylcellulosis(HPMC)].The CCC was created using Utrata forceps or 23 g microforceps in different combinations with the ***:Using the Utrata forceps the IOP dropped from 63.65±6.44 to 11.25±3.63 mm Hg during the *** use of different OVDs made no *** the 23 g microforceps the IOP dropped from 65.35±8.15 to 36.55±6.09 mm *** difference between IOP drop using either Utrata forceps or 23 g microforceps was highly significant regardless of the OVD ***:Using the sideport for the creation of the capsulorhexis leads to a lesser drop in IOP during this maneuver compared to the main incision in enucleated porcine *** use of different OVD has no significant influence on IOP drop.

关键词： cataract surgery ophthalmosurgical viscoelastic device intraocular pressure capsulorhexis enucleated porcine eye

Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hongtao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pugzlys markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria SwissFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering(SRS)spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained through a motion-free scanning of the offset phase that results in a sweep of the Raman-shift *** to high spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as gas sensing and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution