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Inducing prion protein shedding as a neuroprotective and regenerative approach in pathological conditions of the brain:from theory to facts

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1869-1875页

作者： Andreu Matamoros-Angles Behnam Mohammadi Feizhi Song Mohsin Shafiq Santra Brenna Berta Puig markus Glatzel Hermann C.Altmeppen Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)HamburgGermany Department of Neurology Experimental Research in Stroke and Inflammation(ERSI)University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)HamburgGermany

In the last decades,the role of the prion protein(PrP) in neurodegenerative diseases has been intensively investigated,initially in prion diseases of humans(e.g., Creutzfeldt-J akob disease) and animals(e.g.,scrapie in sheep,chronic wasting disease in deer and elk,or "mad cow disease" in cattle).Templated misfolding of physiological cellular prion protein(PrPC) into an aggregation-prone isoform(termed PrP "Scrapie"(PrPSc)),self-re plication and spreading of the latter inside the brain and to peripheral tissues,and the associated formation of infectious proteopathic seeds(termed "prions")are among the essential pathogenic mechanisms underlying this group of fatal and transmissible spongiform *** r,key roles of the correctly folded PrPCwere identified in more common human brain diseases(such as Alzheimer s disease or Parkinson’s disease) associated with the misfolding and/or accumulation of other proteins(such as amyloid-β,tau or α-synuclein,respectively).PrPChas also been linked with n euro protective and regenerative functions,for instance in hypoxic/ischemic conditions such as ***,despite a mixed "bouquet" of suggested functions,our understanding of pathological and,especially,physiological roles played by PrPCin the brain and beyond is ce rtainly *** with various other proteins at the cell surfa ce or within intracellular compartments may account for the functional diversity linked with ***,conserved endogenous proteolytic processing of PrPCgenerates seve ral defined PrPCfragments,possibly holding intrinsic functions in physiological and pathological conditions,thus making the "true and complete biology" of this protein more complicated to be ***,we focus on one of those released PrPCfragments,namely shed PrP(sPrP),generated by a membrane-proximate ADAM10-mediated cleavage event at the cell surfa *** to other soluble PrP fragments(such as the N1 fragment representing PrP’s released N-ter

关键词： ADAM10 aggregation Alzheimer’s disease amyloid antibodies Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease enzymatic cleavage extracellular vesicles neurodegeneration neurotoxicity proteolytic processing stroke transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

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Genetic composition,genetic diversity and small-scale environmental variation matter for the experimental reintroduction of a rare plant

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 805-813页

作者： Daniel Prati markus Peintinger markus Fischer Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 21CH-3013 BernSwitzerland Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research University of BernZähringerstrasse 25CH-3012 BernSwitzerland WSL-Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald Schnee und LandschaftZürcherstrasse 111CH-8903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland

Aims Reintroduction has become an important tool for the management of endangered plant *** tested the little-explored effects of small-scale environmental variation,genotypic composition(*** of genotypes)and genotypic diversity on the population survival of the regionally rare clonal plant Ranunculus *** this species of periodically inundated lakeshores,genetic differentiation had been reported between populations and between short-flooded and long-flooded microsites within *** We established 306 experimental test populations at a previously unoccupied lakeshore,comprising either monocultures of 32 genotypes,mixtures of genotypes within populations or mixtures of genotypes between *** 2000,three years after planting out at the experimental site,a long-lasting flood caused the death of half of the experimental *** 2003,an extreme drought resulted in the lowest summer water levels ever *** Findings Despite these climatic extremes,27%of the established populations survived in December *** success of experimental populations largely differed between ***,the success of genotype monocultures depended on genotype and source *** differentiation between microsites played a minor role for the success of *** the flood,populations planted with genotypes from different source populations increased in abundance,whereas populations with genotypes from single source populations and genotype monocultures *** 2014,several small patches of Ranunculus clones were still present,but plants were strongly intermingled,which precluded their assignment to the original *** conclude that sources for reintroductions need to be selected ***,mixtures of plants from different populations appear to be the best choice for successful reintroduction,at least in unpredictably varying environments.

关键词： conservation management global change lakeshore Ranunculus reptans

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Millijoule ultrafast optical parametric amplification as replacement for high-gain regenerative amplifiers

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第4期11卷 33-44页

作者： Yannik Zobus Christian Brabetz Johannes Hornung Jonas BOhland Dirk Reemts Ji-Ping Zou markus Loeser Daniel Albach Ulrich Schramm Vincent Bagnoud Technische Universität Darmstadt DarmstadtGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses CNRSEcole PolytechniquePalaiseauFrance Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany Helmholtz-Institut Jena JenaGermany

We report on the development of an ultrafast optical parametric amplifier front-end for the Petawatt High Energy Laser for heavy Ion eXperiments(PHELIX)and the Petawatt ENergy-Efficient Laser for Optical Plasma Experiments(PEnELOPE)*** front-end delivers broadband and stable amplification up to 1 mJ per pulse while maintaining a high beam *** implementation at PHELIX allowed one to bypass the front-end amplifier,which is known to be a source of *** the bypass,an amplified spontaneous emission contrast of 4.9×10^(−13)and a pre-pulse contrast of 6.2×10^(−11)could be *** to its high stability,high beam quality and its versatile pump amplifier,the system offers an alternative for high-gain regenerative amplifiers in the front-end of various laser systems.

关键词： high-intensity laser temporal laser contrast ultrafast optical parametric amplification

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Long-term reconstruction of flash floods in the Qilian Mountains,China,based on dendrogeomorphic methods

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3163-3177页

作者： QIE Jia-zhi ZHANG Yong TRAPPMANN Daniel ZHONG Yi-hua BALLESTEROS-CÁNOVAS Juan Antonio FAVILLIER Adrien STOFFEL markus Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Climate Change Impacts and Risks in the Anthropocene(C-CIA) Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland Dendrolab.ch Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland National Museum of Natural Sciences MNCN-CSICC/Serrano 115bis28006MadridSpain Department F.-A.Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences University of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland

In China,flash floods are one of the main natural disasters causing loss of life and damage to *** threat of flash floods is exacerbated with climate change and increased human activities,such that the number of disasters has shown a clear upward trend in recent ***,due to the scarcity of instrumental data or overly short timeseries,we are still lacking critical data to understand spatio-temporal patterns and driving factors of extreme flash *** missing knowledge is however crucial for a proper management of these hazards,especially in remote mountain *** forested catchments,dendrogeomorphology allows the reconstruction of past process activity based on growth disturbances(GDs)in trees that have been affected by past flash ***,in our study,for the first time,we reconstruct past flash floods in the Qilian Mountains,northeast Tibetan Plateau,over past *** this end,we sampled 99 Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)trees affected by flash floods,with a total of 194increment cores,and identified 302 GDs induced by past flash *** GDs have been caused by at least 21 flash floods that we are able to reconstruct over the last 170 *** position of GDs within tree rings and the intra-seasonal dating of past events also allowed discussion of the likely synoptic situations that may have led to the triggering of flash floods in the *** regression analysis confirms that significant correlation exists between cumulative maximum 5-day August-September precipitation and reconstructed flash floods,which is corresponding to the majority of scars and related tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts(TRDs)found in the latewood portion of growth *** results support the idea that abundant precipitation occurring at the end of the summer season and early fall is the key factor driving flash floods in our study *** research not only fills the gaps regarding historical flash flood histories in

关键词： Tree ring Dendrogeomorphology Flash floods Qinghai spruce Qilian Mountains

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Wind-dispersed seeds blur phylogeographic breaks:The complex evolutionary history of Populus lasiocarpa around the Sichuan Basin

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Plant Diversity 2023年第2期45卷 156-168页

作者： Xue Li markus Ruhsam Yi Wang Hong-Ying Zhang Xiao-Yan Fan Lei Zhang Jing Wang Kang-Shan Mao Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanPR China Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK

The strength of phylogeographic breaks can vary among species in the same area despite being subject to the same geological and climate history due to differences in biological *** important phylogeographic breaks exist around the Sichuan Basin in Southwest China but few studies have focused on wind-dispersed ***,we investigated the phylogeographic patterns and the evolutionary history of Populus lasiocarpa,a wind-pollinated and wind-dispersed tree species with a circum-Sichuan Basin distribution in southwest *** sequenced and analyzed three plastid DNA fragments(ptDNA) and eight nuclear microsatellites(nSSRs) of 265 individuals of *** from 21 populations spanning the entire distribution *** patterns based on nSSR data revealed that there are three genetic groups in *** is consistent with the three phylogeographic breaks(Sichuan Basin,the Kaiyong Line and the 105°E line),where the Sichuan basin acts as the main barrier to gene flow between western and eastern ***,the distribution pattern based on ptDNA haplotypes poorly matched the phylogeographic breaks,and wind-dispersed seeds may be one of the main contributing *** distribution modelling suggested a larger potential distribution in the last glacial maximum with a severe bottleneck during the last interglacial.A DIYABC model also suggested a population contraction and expansion for both western and eastern *** results indicate that biological traits are likely to affect the evolutionary history of plants,and that nuclear molecular markers,which experience higher levels of gene flow,might be better indicators of phylogeographic breaks.

关键词： Phylogeography Sichuan basin Populus lasiocarpa Kaiyong line Demographic history

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Semantic 3D City Agents- An intelligent automation for dynamic geospatial knowledge graphs

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第2期8卷 50-66页

作者： Arkadiusz Chadzynski Shiying Li Ayda Grisiute Feroz Farazi Casper Lindberg Sebastian Mosbach Pieter Herthogs markus Kraft Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore(CARES) CREATE Tower1 Create WaySingapore138602Singapore Singapore ETH Centre CREATE Tower1 Create WaySingapore138602Singapore Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveWest SiteCB3 OAS CambridgeUK School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University62 Nanyang DriveSingupore637459Singoore

This paper presents a system of autonomous intelligent software agents,based on a cognitive architecture,capable of automated instantiation,visualisation and analysis of multifaceted City Information Models in dynamic geospatial knowledge *** of JPS Agent Framework and Routed Knowledge Graph Access components was required in order to provide backbone infrastructure for an intelligent agent system as well as technology agnostic knowledge graph access enabling automation of multi-domain data *** of CityImportAgent,CityExportAgent and DistanceAgent showcased intelligent automation capa-bilities of the Cities Knowledge *** agents successfully created a semantic model of Berlin in LOD 2,compliant with CityGML 2.0 standard and consisting of 419909661 triples described using *** system of agents also visualised and analysed the model by autonomously tracking interactions with a web interface as well as enriched the model by adding new information to the knowledge *** way it was possible to design a geospatial information system able to meet demands imposed by the Industry 4.0 and link it with the other multi-domain knowledge representations of The World Avatar.

关键词： Cognitive architecture Artificial intelligence Knowledge graph Automation City modelling Geospatial

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Biomaterial scaffolds for clinical procedures in endodontic regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第6期7卷 257-277页

作者： He Liu Jing Lu Qianzhou Jiang markus Haapasalo Junrong Qian Franklin R.Tay Ya Shen Department of Stomatology Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical UniversityChina Division of Endodontics Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesFaculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaCanada Key Laboratory of Oral Disease School and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Endodontics Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Endodontics The Dental College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Regenerative endodontic procedures have been rapidly evolving over the past two decades and are employed extensively in clinical *** procedures have been perceived as valuable adjuvants to conventional strategies in the treatment of necrotic immature permanent teeth that were deemed to have poor *** a component biological triad of tissue engineering(i.e.,stem cells,growth factors and scaffolds),biomaterial scaffolds have demonstrated clinical potential as an armamentarium in regenerative endodontic procedures and achieved remarkable *** aim of the present review is to provide a broad overview of biomaterials employed for scaffolding in regenerative *** favorable properties and limitations of biomaterials organized in naturally derived,host-derived and synthetic material categories were *** and clinical studies published over the past five years on the performance of biomaterial scaffolds,as well as current challenges and future perspectives for the application of biomaterials for scaffolding and clinical evaluation of biomaterial scaffolds in regenerative endodontic procedures were addressed in depth.

关键词： Biomaterials Clinical approach Regenerative endodontics Scaffolds

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Semi-Automated Enzymatic Determination of Ethanol in Beverages: Collaborative Study for RIDA®CUBE Ethanol

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 90-100页

作者： markus Lacorn Thomas Hektor R-Biopharm AG Darmstadt Germany

Easy and quick methods to quantify ethanol reliably in beverages are always important. In 2022, the EnzytecTM Liquid Ethanol test kit was approved as AOAC Official MethodSM 2017.07 Final Action after a collaborative study was conducted with different beverages such as kombucha, juices, and beer. During set-up of this collaborative test, small sized companies asked to include the RIDA®CUBE Ethanol/RIDA®CUBE SCAN device since it is easy to use, suitable for a few samples only and contains the identical reagents as the EnzytecTM Liquid system. It is applicable to quantify ethanol in diluted kombucha, fruit juices, and alcohol-free beer samples around 0.5% alcohol-by-volume within 12 min. The overall relative reproducibility standard deviation across a wide concentration range for kombucha, was calculated to be 6.29%. Analysis of juices and beer showed an overall higher variation with an estimated overall RSD(R) value by regression of 14.4%. The data obtained by this collaborative study show that the RIDA®CUBE Ethanol in combination with the RIDA®CUBE SCAN device is suitable to quantify ethanol from matrices representing important alcohol-free liquid food categories.

关键词： Ethanol Enzymatic Analysis Beverages Automation Reproducibility Collaborative Test

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Advanced industrial informatics towards smart,safe and sustainable roads:A state of the art

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第2期10卷 143-158页

作者： Hui Yao Zijin Xu Yue Hou Qiao Dong Pengfei Liu Zhoujing Ye Xin Pei markus Oeser Linbing Wang Dawei Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Transportation Engineering Faculty of ArchitectureCivil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department of Civil Engineering Swansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Institute of Highway Engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen D52074Germany National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environmental CivilAgricultural and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150006China

The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of ***,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for *** engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to *** state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each ***,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure *** is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.

关键词： Advanced industrial informatics Road construction Road maintenance Decision strategy Pavement structure and material Smart sensing Cooperative vehicle infrastructure system

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Reproduction and genetic diversity of Juniperus squamata along an elevational gradient in the Hengduan Mountains

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Plant Diversity 2022年第4期44卷 369-376页

作者： Tsam Ju Zhi-Tong Han markus Ruhsam Jia-Liang Li Wen-Jing Tao Sonam Tso Georg Miehe Kang-Shan Mao Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610065China Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK College of Science Tibet UniversityLhasaTibet 850000China Department of Geography Philipps-Universitat MarburgDeutschhausstraße 10Marburg 35032HessenGermany

Elevation plays a crucial factor in the distribution of plants,as environmental conditions become increasingly harsh at higher *** studies have mainly focused on the effects of large-scale elevational gradients on plants,with little attention on the impact of smaller-scale *** this study we used 14 microsatellite loci to survey the genetic structure of 332 Juniperus squamata plants along elevation gradient from two sites in the Hengduan *** found that the genetic structure(single,clonal,mosaic)of *** shrubs is affected by differences in elevational gradients of only 150 *** in the mid-elevation plots rarely have a clonal or mosaic structure compared to shrubs in lower-or higher-elevation *** activity can significantly affect genetic structure,as well as reproductive strategy and genetic ***-populations at mid-elevations had the highest yield of seed cones,lower levels of asexual reproduction and higher levels of genetic *** may be due to the trade-off between elevational stress and anthropogenic disturbance at mid-elevation since there is greater elevational stress at higher-elevations and greater intensity of anthropogenic disturbance at *** findings provide new insights into the finer scale genetic structure of alpine shrubs,which may improve the conservation and management of shrublands,a major vegetation type on the Hengduan Mountains and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词： Fine-scale structure Juniperus squamata High elevation Human disturbance

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