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Inverse single-site Fe_(1)(OH)_(x)/Pt(111)model catalyst for preferential oxidation of CO in H_(2)

Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 709-715页

作者： Chunlei Wang Heloise Tissot markus Soldemo Junling Lu Jonas Weissenrieder Materials and Nano Physics School of Engineering SciencesKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10044Sweden Department of Engineering and Physics Karlstad UniversityKarlstad SE-65188Sweden Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleKey Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Inverse oxide/metal model systems are frequently used to investigate catalytic structure-function relationships at an atomic *** means of a novel atomic layer deposition process,growth of single-site Fe_(1)O_(x) on a Pt(111)single crystal surface was achieved,as confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The redox properties of the catalyst were characterized by synchrotron radiation based ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(AP-XPS).After calcination treatment at 373 K in 1 mbar O_(2).the chemical state of the catalyst was determined as Fe^(3+).Reduction in 1 mbar H_(2) at 373 K demonstrates a facile reduction to Fe2+and complete hydroxylation at significantly lower temperatures than what has been reported for iron oxide *** reaction conditions relevant for preferential oxidation of CO in H_(2)(PROX),the catalyst exhibits a Fe3+state(ferric hydroxide)at 298 K while re-oxidation of iron oxide clusters does not occur under the same *** oxidation proceeds on the single-site Fei(OH)3 through a mechanism including the loss of hydroxyl groups in the temperature range of 373 to 473 K,but no reaction is observed on iron oxide *** results highlight the high flexibility of the single iron atom catalyst in switching oxidation states,not observed for iron oxide nanoparticles under similar reaction conditions,which may indicate a higher intrinsic activity of such single interfacial sites than the conventional metal-oxide *** summary,our findings of the redox properties on inverse single-site iron oxide model catalyst may provide new insights into applied Fe-Pt catalysis.

关键词： inverse single-site model catalyst Fe_(1)O_(x)/PPt(111) PROX atomic layer deposition synchrotron radiation AP-XPS STM

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Nanoscale fluctuation of stacking fault energy strengthens multi-principal element alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第27期158卷 218-225页

作者： Zongrui Pei markus Eisenbach Peter K.Liaw Mingwei Chen New York University New York 10012USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Engineering and Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA

Chemical randomness and the associated energy fluctuation are essential features of multi-principal ele-ment alloys(MPEAs).Due to these features,nanoscale stacking fault energy(SFE)fluctuation is a natural and independent contribution to strengthening ***,existing models for conventional alloys(i.e.,alloys with one principal element)cannot be applied to *** extreme values of SFEs required by such models are unknown for MPEAs,which need to calculate the nanoscale volume relevant to the SFE *** the present work,we developed an analytic model to evaluate the strengthening ef-fect through the SFE fluctuation,profuse in *** model has no adjustable parameters,and all parameters can be determined from experiments and ab initio *** model explains available experimental observations and provides insightful guidance for designing new MPEAs based on the SFE *** generally applies to MPEAs in random states and with chemical short-range order.

关键词： Nanoscale energy fluctuation Staking fault energy Chemical short-range order Multi-principal element alloy Mechanism

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Designing architected materials for mechanical compression via simulation, deep learning, and experimentation

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1534-1542页

作者： Andrew J.Lew Kai Jin markus J.Buehler Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics(LAMM) Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMA 02139USA Center for Computational Science and Engineering Schwarzman College of ComputingMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMA 02139USA

Architected materials can achieve enhanced properties compared to their plain *** architecting serves as a powerful design lever to achieve targeted behavior without changing the base ***,the connection between architected structure and resultant properties remains an open field of great interest to many fields,from aerospace to civil to automotive ***,we focus on properties related to mechanical compression,and design hierarchical honeycomb structures to meet specific values of stiffness and compressive *** do so,we employ a combination of techniques in a singular workflow,starting with molecular dynamics simulation of the forward design problem,augmenting with data-driven artificial intelligence models to address the inverse design problem,and verifying the behavior of de novo structures with experimentation of additively manufactured *** thereby demonstrate an approach for architected design that is generalizable to multiple material properties and agnostic to the identity of the base material.

关键词： thereby additive starting

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Liver transplantation for non-resectable colorectal metastases-an evolving paradigm in transplant oncology

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 424-427页

作者： Christian Hobeika markus Selzner Ajmera Transplant Centre Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation Beaujon HospitalAPHPClichyParis-CitéUniversityParisFrance UMR Inserm 1275 CAP Paris-Tech Lariboisière HospitalParisParis-CitéUniversityParisFrance Department of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

A better understanding of colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM)onco-genomics and the improvement of systemic treatments,including targeted and immune therapies,have shifted the paradigm of CRLM prognosis over the past two *** 40%of the patients with colorectal cancers are likely to develop CRLM[and 50%of them to be non-resectable(nCRLM)],current oncologic management allows for the identification of a subset of CRLM patients with controlled diseases likely to highly benefit from curative resections and,perhaps,liver transplantation(LT).Indeed,the Norwegian SECA I trial in 2013(1)triggered a growing interest in LT as a curative treatment for non-resectable colorectal liver metastasis(nCRLM).This strategy is supported by several pilot studies reporting up to 80%of 5-year estimated overall survival(OS)after LT for CRLM,in contrast to the poor results obtained in the early 80’s series.

关键词： Colorectal cancer liver metastasis transplant oncology guidlines liver transplantation(LT) organ shortage living donor

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Biologically Inspired Girder Structure for the Synchrotron Radiation Facility PETRA IV

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第5期20卷 1996-2017页

作者： Simone Andresen Norbert Meyners Daniel Thoden markus Körfer Christian Hamm Bionic Lightweight Design&Functional Morphology Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research(AWI)Am Handelshafen 1227570BremerhavenGermany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron(DESY) Notkestraße 8522607HamburgGermany

Lightweight structures are widely used across different industry ***,they get easily excited by external influences,such as *** high vibration amplitudes can be avoided by shifting the structural eigenfrequencies,which can be achieved adapting the structural design considering optimisation procedures and structures primarily inspired by *** procedures has been applied to the development process of a girder structure installed in a synchrotron radiation facility to support heavy magnets and other *** objective was to design a 2.9 m long girder structure with high eigenfrequencies,a high stiffness and a low *** on a topology optimisation result,a parametric beam–shell model including biologically inspired structures(e.g.,Voronoi combs,ribs,and soft and organic-looking transitions)was built *** subsequent cross-sectional optimisation using evolutionary strategic optimisation revealed an optimum girder structure,which was successfully manufactured using the casting *** measurements validated the numerical *** changes in the specifications can be implemented in the bio-inspired development process to obtain adapted girder structures.

关键词： Biomimetics Eigenfrequency maximisation Evolutionary structural optimisation Lightweight design Topology optimisation Voronoi combs

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Biobased materials for food packaging

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Jiaxiu Wang markus Euring Kolja Ostendorf Kai Zhang Department of Wood Technology and Wood-based Composites Georg-August-University of GöttingenBüsgenweg 4D-37077 GöttingenGermany School of Life Sciences Anhui University230601 HefeiChina Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing 230601 HefeiChina

Consumers prefer foods that are healthier with high quality and *** packaging are de-manded to effectively extend the shelf-life,preserve the nutrients and decrease the microbial contamination during the transport and storage of *** the increasing concern on the envi-ronmental impacts caused by food packaging wastes,sustainable and green packaging are highly demanded to minimize the harmful effects of food packaging waste on the ***-based materials are derived from sustainable and renewable biomass,instead of finite *** applications of bio-based materials for food packaging are highlighted in this *** emphasis is placed on the categories of related biobased materials,their characteristics and ad-vantages for food packaging,as well as the strategies used to improve their *** a lot of trials have been done on biobased materials for food packaging,further attempts to im-prove their performances,understand the functioning mechanisms and develop greener methods for the production,processing and destiny of these bio-based materials are still highly needed for the future research.

关键词： Food packaging Nanomaterial Fiber Biobased material

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Comparison of EUV Photomask Metrology Between CD-AFM and TEM

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第2期5卷 91-100页

作者： Gaoliang Dai Kai Hahm Lipfert Sebastian markus Heidelmann Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt 38116BraunschweigGermany Advanced Mask Technology Center GmbH&Co.KG 01109DresdenGermany ICAN Universität Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany

Accurate metrology of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask is a crucial task. In this paper, two different methods for reference EUV photomask metrology are compared. One is the critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM). In the measurements, the contribution of its AFM tip geometry is usually the dominant error source, as measured AFM images are the dilated results of measured structures by the AFM tip geometry. To solve this problem, a bottom-up approach has been applied in calibrating the (effective) AFM tip geometry where the result is traceably calibrated to the lattice constant of silicon crystals. The other is transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For achieving measurement traceability, structure features are measured in pairs in TEM images;thus the distance between the structure pair calibrated by a metrological AFM in prior can be applied to determine the magnification of the TEM image. In this study, selected photomask structures are calibrated by the CD-AFM, and then sample prepared and measured by high-resolution TEM nearly at the same location. The results are then compared. Of six feature groups compared, the results agree well within the measurement uncertainty, indicating excellent performance of the developed methodology. This research supports the development of a photomask standard, which is applied as a “reference ruler” with improved low measurement uncertainty in photomask fabs.

关键词： Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)photomask standard Traceable calibration Metrology Critical dimension(CD) Atomic force microscopy(AFM) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) High precision Low measurement uncertainty

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文化之路:流行科学、大众艺术与媚俗

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黑龙江社会科学 2024年第2期 70-77页

作者： [匈牙利]乔治·马尔库什付玉竹(译) 悉尼大学哲学系悉尼上海理工大学出版印刷与艺术设计学院上海200093

如果说,高雅文化的定义中包含着艺术与科学这两个重要组成部分的话,那么作为高雅艺术的对立面——大众文化的内涵也是值得探讨的。作为一种合理的概念框架,在大众文化之下应该既包含大众艺术,也包含大众科学。不同于大众文化和高雅文化... 详细信息

如果说,高雅文化的定义中包含着艺术与科学这两个重要组成部分的话,那么作为高雅艺术的对立面——大众文化的内涵也是值得探讨的。作为一种合理的概念框架,在大众文化之下应该既包含大众艺术,也包含大众科学。不同于大众文化和高雅文化之间的关系,严格的科学作品与科学普及物在任何意义上都不可能存在竞争关系。还有另一种更具意义的“流行科学”的文化形式与生活息息相关。本文继续关于现代性文化的讨论,探讨了流行科学的文化影响以及媚俗艺术与大众艺术的关系问题。

关键词：高雅文化大众文化大众科学流行科学文化工业媚俗

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Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Unit in Smart Grids Considering Multiple Constraints

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 479-488页

作者： Tengpeng Chen He Ren Yuhao Sun markus Kraft Gehan A.J.Amaratunga Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University ShenzhenChina CTC Intelligence(Shenzhen)Technology Co. Ltd.ShenzhenChina Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore CREATE TowerSingapore School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Engineering University of CambridgeUK

The distribution of measurement noise is usually assumed to be Gaussian in the optimal phasor measurement unit(PMU)placement(OPP)***,this is not always accurate in *** paper proposes a new OPP method for smart grids in which the effects of conventional measurements,limited channels of PMUs,zero-injection buses(ZIBs),single PMU loss contingency,state estimation error(SEE),and the maximum SEE variance(MSEEV)are *** SEE and MSEEV are both obtained using a robust t-distribution maximum likelihood estimator(MLE)because t-distribution is more flexible for modeling both Gaussian and non-Gaussian *** A-and G-optimal experimental criteria are utilized to form the SEE and MSEEV *** allows the optimization problem to be converted into a linear objective function subject to linear matrix inequality observability *** performance of the proposed OPP method is verified by the simulations of the IEEE 14-bus,30-bus,and 118-bus systems as well as the 211-bus practical distribution system in China.

关键词： Phasor measurement unit(PMU) smart grids optimal placement state estimation(SE).

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Tender evaluation through efficiency analysis for public construction contracts

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2022年第1期9卷 148-158页

作者： Stefan NIEWERTH Peter VOGT markus THEWES Institute for Tunnelling and Construction Management Ruhr-University Bochum44801BochumGermany Institute of Civil Engineering Hochschule Ruhr West45479Mülheim/RuhrGermany

Given the European Public Procurement Directive 2014/24/EU,policymakers have ordered the inclusion of various criteria,such as the price,life-cycle costs,environmental,and social aspects,in the evaluation of tenders for public construction ***,the relevance of non-monetary award criteria has gained significant ***,the established evaluation formulas,which are used to obtain the best value for money procurement,have resulted in legal *** existing evaluation formulas exhibit mathematical weaknesses,wherein scoring indices do not express economic efficiency ***,a conflict is observed between the political requirement of non-monetary award criteria and their evaluation by contracting *** overcome such dilemma,an extensive literature review is ***,this study explores the essential problems of existing evaluation formulas and develops a more reliable *** technique from the field of efficiency analysis,i.e.,Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA),is adopted in this *** contract awarding,the DEA is extended by introducing a decision theoretical *** public procurement,the proposed method combines two ***,the proposed method ensures the derivation of a robust tender ranking given that with respect to clients’preferences,irrelevant and insufficiently tailored tenders do not influence the ***,the proposed method supports the intention of policy makers to promote public goals,such as sustainable *** disclosing the strengths and weaknesses of bidders with respect to their competitors,all bidders can obtain a precise overview of their performance regarding the award *** sum,the proposed method allows a targeted improvement of certain criteria values in future tenders and consequently leads to an enhancement of public goals.

关键词： bid evaluation public procurement best value for money data envelopment analysis contractor selection

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