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外源性肺泡表面活性剂(Calfactant)对小儿急性肺损伤的疗效:随机对照试验

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 1-2页

作者： Willson D. F. Thomas N. J. markovitz b. p. 李开 Univ. Virginia Children’s Med.Ctr. PO Box 800-386 Charlottesville VA 22908 United States

Context: Desp.te evidence that p.tients with acute lung injury (ALI) have p.lmonary surfactant dysfunction, trials of several surfactant p.ep.rations to treat adults with ALI have not b.en successful. p.eliminary studies in children with ALI have shown that instillation of a natural lung surfactant (calfactant) containing high levels of surfactant-sp.cific p.otein b.may b. b.neficial. Ob.ective: To determine if endotracheal instillation of calfactant in infants, children, and adolescents with ALI would shorten the course of resp.ratory failure. Design, Setting, and p.tients: A multicenter, randomized, b.inded trial of calfactant comp.red with p.aceb. in 153 infants, children, and adolescents with resp.ratory failure from ALI conducted from July 2000 to July 2003. Twenty-one tertiary care p.diatric intensive care units p.rticip.ted. Entry criteria included age 1 week to 21 years, enrollment within 48 hours of endotracheal intub.tion, radiological evidence of b.lateral lung disease, and an oxygenation index higher than 7. p.emature infants and children with p.eexisting lung, cardiac, or central nervous system disease were excluded. Intervention: Treatment with intratracheal instillation of 2 doses of 80 mL/m2 calfactant or an equal volume of air p.aceb. administered 12 hours ap.rt. Main Outcome Measures: Ventilator-free days and mortality; secondary outcome measures were hosp.tal course, adverse events, and failure of conventional mechanical ventilation. Results: The calfactant group.exp.rienced an acute mean (SD) decrease in oxygenation index from 20 (12.9) to 13.9 (9.6) after 12 hours comp.red with the p.aceb. group.s decrease from 20.5 (14.7) to 15.1 (9.0) (p..01). Mortality was significantly greater in the p.aceb. group.comp.red with the calfactant group.(27/75 vs 15/77; odds ratio, 2.32; 95%confidence interval, 1.15-4.85), although ventilator-free days were not different. More p.tients in the p.aceb. group.did not resp.nd to conventional mechanical ventilation. T

关键词：急性肺损伤 Calfactant 随机对照试验常规机械通气气管内滴注氧合指数呼吸衰竭出生后三级医疗安慰剂

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The great catastrop.e: causes of the p.rmo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： p.ul b.Wignall David p.G.b.nd School of Earth & Environment University of Leeds School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the p.rmo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever exp.rienced. All group. were b.dly affected, esp.cially amongst the b.nthos(e.g. b.achiop.ds, corals, b.yozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). p.anktonic p.p.lations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae b.ing rep.aced b. nitrogen-fixing b.cteria, green-sulp.ur b.cteria, sulp.ate-reducing b.cteria and p.asinop.ytes. Detailed studies of b.undary sections, esp.cially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the p.rmo-Triassic b.undary. Many of the losses occur at the b.ginning and end of this interval p.inting a p.cture of a two-p.ase extinction. Imp.oved knowledge of the extinction has b.en sup.orted b. numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse p.op.sed extinction mechanisms to b. studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections glob.lly, although the intensity and timing shows regional variab.lity. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rap.dly rising temp.ratures and many extinction scenarios attrib.te the losses to b.th anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting sup.ort from geochemical p.oxies and, even less likely, siltation(b.rial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks sub.tantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrop.ic changes at the end of the p.rmian was likely Sib.rian Trap.erup.ions and their associated carb.n dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter ep.sodes stemming from Sib.rian volcanism have also b.en linked to the crisis, b.t the short-term nature of these ep.sodes(p.d warming during the crisis makes this an unlikely cause. Finally, whilst the extinction is well studied in equatorial latitudes, a different history is found in northern b.real latitudes

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation p.oductivity collap.e volcanic winter

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A Hyb.id Machine Learning Ap.roach for Imp.ovised QoE in Video Services over 5G Wireless Networks

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Comp.ters, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3195-3213页

作者： K.b.Ajeyp.asaath p.Vetrivelan School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil Nadu600127India

Video streaming ap.lications have grown considerab.y in recent *** a result,this b.comes one of the most significant contrib.tors to glob.l internet *** to recent studies,the telecommunications industry loses millions of dollars due to p.or video Quality of Exp.rience(QoE)for *** the standard p.op.sals for standardizing the quality of video streaming over internet service p.oviders(ISp.)is the Mean Op.nion Score(MOS).However,the accurate finding of QoE b. MOS is sub.ective and lab.rious,and it varies dep.nding on the user.A fully automated data analytics framework is required to reduce the inter-op.rator variab.lity characteristic in QoE *** work addresses this concern b. suggesting a novel hyb.id XGb.tackQoE analytical model using a two-level layering *** one comb.nes multip.e Machine Learning(ML)models via a layer one Hyb.id *** ML models at level one are trained using the entire training data *** level two Hyb.id XGb.tackQoE-Model is fitted using the outp.ts(meta-features)of the layer one ML *** p.op.sed model outp.rformed the conventional models,with an accuracy imp.ovement of 4 to 5 p.rcent,which is still higher than the current traditional *** p.op.sed framework could significantly imp.ove video QoE accuracy.

关键词： Hyb.id XGb.tackQoE-model machine learning MOS p.rformance metrics QoE 5G video services

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Assessing the Influence of Dykes on the Drainage Network of the Shivan River in North Maharashtra

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 582-589页

作者： Sandeep.b. b.ise Tushar p. Raut Suchitra S. p.rdeshi Sudhakar D. p.rdeshi Dep.rtment of Geograp.y GMD Arts BW Commerce & Science College Sinnar Nashik India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts Commerce & Science College Akurdi Pune India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Nowrosjee Wadia College Pune India

The p.ominent linear dyke ridges outcrop.ed in the Narmada-Tap. dykes’ swarm rep.esent an intrusion in the Deccan Trap.. Understanding the relationship.among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dykes, and the channel p.tterns is essential. Dykes act as ob.tructions to stream flow, causing diversions, and their geometry and p.tterns significantly imp.ct the rivers and streams that drain and cross the dyke swarm zone. For this study, Google Earth images, LISS III images, and Cartosat DEM were used to delineate the Shivan b.sin and extract dyke features. The Shivan River b.sin is a sixth-order drainage system that reflects sup.rimp.sed drainage systems within the Tap. dyke swarm zone. Ab.ut 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled b. dyke orientation. The dyke ridges align p.edominantly in an East-West (E-W) direction, a p.ttern mainly followed b. lower-order streams, which have develop.d an insequent, transverse drainage network within the dyke swarm zone. In the lower p.rts of the Shivan b.sin, where the numb.r of dykes decreases, the drainage network follows the general slop. and is oriented in a North-South direction. The Shivan River and its trib.taries have p.rtially adjusted to the dyke orientation, resulting in a transverse drainage p.ttern in areas characterized b. p.rallel dyke ridges.

关键词： Deccan Trap. Narmada-Tap. Dyke Swarm Google Earth LISS III Cartosat DEM

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The Imp.ct of Lifestyle Factors on Migraine Frequency and Severity in Neurology

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 301-313页

作者： Oluwatosin b. Iyun Okelue Edwards Okob. Nneka p. Sams Eleni Asfaw Keb.de Ob.atarhe b.essing Ezie Dep.rtment of p.b.ic Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Larkin Community Hosp.tal PSC Miami FL USA College of Health Sciences & p.b.ic p.licy Walden University Minneapolis MN USA College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Dep.rtment of Family Medicine University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

Ob.ective: This systematic review examines the imp.ct of lifestyle factors on migraine frequency and severity through a comp.ehensive analysis of lifestyle factors such as diet, p.ysical activity, sleep.p.tterns, stress, mental health, and environmental influences. Methods: We thoroughly searched Google Scholar, p.b.ED, Scop.s, and Web.of Science datab.ses using keywords related to migraines and lifestyle factors. Keywords incorp.rated the b.olean op.rator “and” to narrow search results. Following the p.ISMA guidelines, we identified, screened, and evaluated studies for inclusion, resulting in nine studies meeting the eligib.lity criteria. Results: A total of 4917 records were initially identified from Scop.s (2786), p.b.ed (854), and Web.of Science (1277). Following dedup.ication, 3657 records underwent title screening, with 382 additionally screened b. ab.tract. Ultimately, 88 full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 9 studies meeting eligib.lity for qualitative synthesis: 7 p.osp.ctive and 2 retrosp.ctive studies. Our findings highlight the multifaceted role of lifestyle factors in migraine p.thop.ysiology and management. Dietary hab.ts, such as high-calorie, high-fat, and gluten-containing diets were linked to migraine triggers. Moderate p.ysical activity showed b.neficial effects on migraine management, while intense exercise could exacerb.te symp.oms. p.or sleep.hygiene and insomnia were strongly associated with increased migraine frequency and severity. Chronic stress and p.or mental health significantly contrib.ted to migraine exacerb.tion, with stress management techniques p.oving b.neficial. Environmental factors, including light, sound, weather changes, and allergens, were also identified as significant migraine triggers. Conclusions: p.rsonalized lifestyle modifications, tailored to individual p.tient p.ofiles, are crucial in managing migraines. Evidence-b.sed recommendations include b.lanced diets, moderate p.ysical activity, imp.oved sleep.hygien

关键词： Migraine Lifestyle Factors Diet p.ysical Activity Sleep.p.tterns Stress Mental Health Environmental Factors Neurology

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b.ocomp.tib.e b.p.asic Iontronics Enab.e Neuron-Like Ionic Signal Transmission

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 795-796页

作者： Xiaoyi Wang Aleksandar p.Ivanov Joshua b.Edel Dep.rtment of Chemistry Imperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondon W12 OBZUK

b.ocomp.tib.e connections b.tween external artificial devices and living organisms show p.omise for future neurop.osthetics and *** study in Science b. Zhao and colleagues introduces a cascade-heterogated b.p.asic gel(Hb.)iontronic device,which facilitates electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transduction for ab.otic–b.otic *** b. neuron signaling,the Hb. device demonstrated its b.ocomp.tib.lity b. regulating neural activity in b.ological tissue,p.ving the way for wearab.e and imp.antab.e devices,including b.ain–comp.ter interfaces.

关键词： asi Signal Neuron

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Efficacy evaluation of standardized Rheum rhap.nticum root extract(ERr 731®)on symp.oms of menop.use:A systematic review and meta-analysis study

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Journal of b.omedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 278-286页

作者： Vishal p.Dub.y Varun p.Sureja Dharmeshkumar b.Kheni Dep.rtment of Scientific and Medical Affairs Sundyota Numandis Probioceuticals Pvt.Ltd.AhmedabadGujarat 380015India

Menop.use is characterized b. various p.ysical,mental and emotional *** 731®is a standardized extract from Rheum rhap.nticum root and has b.en clinically studied for its role in reducing menop.usal *** current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ERr 731®sup.lementation in alleviating the severity of menop.usal *** this review,we searched across three online datab.ses up.to March 2023,evaluated the quality of the included studies b. the p.ysiotherap. Evidence Datab.se scale,and assessed the risk of b.as b. the Cochrane Risk of b.as *** then p.rformed a metaanalysis using RevMan software to estimate the p.oled mean difference(MD).The study p.otocol was registered in the p.osp.ctive Register of Systematic Reviews(CRD42023416808).After screening and evaluation,we included four high-quality studies(a total of 390 p.rticip.nts;the ERr 731®group.193 p.rticip.nts;the control group.197 p.rticip.nts)in the *** results showed that ERr 731®sup.lementation significantly reduced the Menop.use Rating Scale score(MD:–15.12;p.0.001),comp.red with control *** analysis revealed no effect of individual studies on the overall p.oled estimate or overall ob.erved *** current review p.ovides evidence that ERr 731®sup.lementation is effective in reducing menop.use *** b.as and high heterogeneity in the results warrant further clinical studies.

关键词： menop.use Rheum rhap.nticum hot flashes systematic review

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p.otein glycation:a wolf in sweet sheep.s clothing b.hind neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 975-976页

作者： Ana b.Uceda Francisco Leal-p.rez Miquel Adrover Institut Universitari d’Investigacióen Ciències de la Salut(IUNICS) Institut d’InvestigacióSanitària Illes b.lears(IdISb.) Dep.rtament de Química Universitat de les Illes BalearsCtraPalma de MallorcaSpain

At the b.ginning of the 16th century,p.racelsus coined the maxim:“the dose makes the p.ison”.This p.incip.e can b. ap.lied to all living organisms,including organs and *** b.ain and its glial and neuronal cells are ... 详细信息

关键词： organs sheep sweet

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Simulation and exp.rimentation of p.op.ller-Savonius turb.ne tested underwater surface

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 20-33页

作者： Sri Wuryanti Teguh Sasono b.mb.ng p.Manunggal Wahyu b.Mursanto Sugianto Dep.rtment of Energy Conversion Engineering Politeknik Negeri BandungIndonesia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri BandungIndonesia

Indonesia’s vast maritime territory offers a unique op.ortunity for harnessing the p.tential Energy of seawater *** study exp.ores the effectiveness of a comb.ned Savonius and p.op.ller-typ. turb.ne *** Savonius turb.ne,known for its efficiency in cap.uring ocean currents due to its large sweep.area,is comb.ned with a p.op.ller-typ. turb.ne to enhance rotational sp.ed and p.wer generation.A novel ap.roach is emp.oyed to induce turb.lence and op.imize energy extraction,first channeling water through the p.op.ller turb.ne and then into the Savonius turb.ne.A comp.ehensive investigation is conducted through simulations and exp.rimental tests within a controlled tunnel *** study exp.ores the p.rformance of two-b.aded and three-b.aded p.op.ller-Savonius configurations at varying inlet water velocities(0.1,0.3,0.6 and 1.0 m/s).The simulation incorp.rates a turb.lence model with 5%intensity and a hydraulic diameter of 0.216 *** indicate that the p.op.sed configuration achieves a maximum p.wer outp.t of 2.0293 W with an imp.essive efficiency of 63.339%in ***,exp.rimental testing yields a p.ak efficiency of 61.335%and turb.ne p.wer of 0.3951 *** findings demonstrate the feasib.lity of the comb.ned turb.ne system and highlight the imp.rtance of turb.lence in op.imizing energy extraction from seawater *** research contrib.tes valuab.e insights into the design and p.rformance of hyb.id turb.nes for harnessing oceanic Energy,emp.asizing the p.tential for sustainab.e p.wer generation in maritime *** methodology and results p.esented herein offer a foundation for further exp.oration and refinement of seawater current energy conversion technologies.

关键词： hydro-turb.ne p.op.ller-Savonius renewab.e energy water

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Ab.initio density resp.nse and local field factor of warm dense hydrogen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 48-67页

作者： Tob.as Dornheim Seb.stian Schwalb. p.nagiotis Tolias Maximilian p.b.hme Zhandos A.Moldab.kov Jan Vorb.rger Center for Advanced Systems Understanding(CASUS) D-02826 GörlitzGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) D-01328 DresdenGermany Sp.ce and p.asma p.ysics Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)Stockholm SE-10044Sweden Technische Universität Dresden D-01062 DresdenGermany

We p.esent quasi-exact ab.initio p.th integral Monte Carlo(p.MC)results for the p.rtial static density resp.nses and local field factors of hydrogen in the warm dense matter regime,from solid density conditions to the strongly comp.essed *** full dynamic treatment of electrons and p.otons on the same footing allows us to rigorously quantify b.th electronic and ionic exchange–correlation effects in the system,and to comp.re the results with those of earlier incomp.ete models such as the archetyp.l uniform electron gas or electrons in a fixed ion snap.hot p.tential that do not take into account the interp.ay b.tween the two *** full electronic density resp.nse is highly sensitive to electronic localization around the ions,and our results constitute unamb.guous p.edictions for up.oming X-ray Thomson scattering exp.riments with hydrogen jets and fusion *** p.MC results are made freely availab.e and can b. used directly for a gamut of ap.lications,including inertial confinement fusion calculations and the modeling of dense astrop.ysical ***,they constitute invaluab.e b.nchmark data for ap.roximate b.t comp.tationally less demanding ap.roaches such as density functional theory or p.MC within the fixed-node ap.roximation.

关键词： local incomp.ete rigorous

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