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The Shift of Traditional Agroecosystems in the in Eastern Arc Catchments of Tanzania

Agricultural Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1343-1358页

作者： Agnes G. Kapinga Ab.mb.la Sangodoyin Olayinka O. Ogunkoya marko b. sulley Franco J. Mb.gallo Gordon T. Madamomb. Department of Environmental Management Pan Africa University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (PAULESI) University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Agriculture and Environmental Engineering University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Department of Geography Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Pan Africa University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (PAULESI) University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Agricultural Economics and b.siness University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Environmental Management Renewable Energy and Climate Change Research Centre Harare Institute of Technology Harare Zimbabwe.

The purpose of this study was to identify the drivers of the shift of traditional agro-ecosystems and their implication on catchment resources management of Eastern Arc Catchments of Tanzania. Lower Mngeta and Upper Zigi water catchments are situated within Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. Household questionnaire, key informant interviews and focus group discussion were used for collecting primary data. The findings indicated that most of the participants (85.9% and 90.4% in Lower Mngeta and Upper Zigi catchments respectively) depend on sub.istence rain-fed agriculture for their livelihoods. However, there are significant changes in production as a result of land fertility deteriorating and negative climatic changes (seasonal shift). This has b.come a major challenge for most of the farmers. To cope with agro-ecosystem dynamics, farmers in the study areas use b.th traditional and modern strategies as illustrated in the results section. While tradition always reported to b. inexpensive, some modern agro-ecosystem practices reported to cause siltation, killing of fish and herb.l plants, easy rotting of seeds (for maize) and b.d aroma (for rice)in spite of having a high rate of return. It was also reported that depletion of traditions and norms of conduct, accelerated b. multi-cultural interaction from immigrants, have led to deterioration of traditional agriculture practices. Moreover, arrival of agriculture companies and introduction of spice farming was reported to have caused manpower imb.lance, unequal distrib.tion of natural resources and less diversity of indigenous plants. The study concludes that communities are much into economic opportunity derived from agro-ecosystem than stewarding it. The study recommends that the effort restoring catchment ecosystem should come from b.th traditional and modern strategies so as to harmonize and accommodate environmental, economic and traditional values.

关键词： Agro-Ecosystem Culture and Diversity

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Existence of Weakly Efficient Solutions in Vector Optimization

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第4期24卷 599-606页

作者： Lucelina b.TISTA SANTOS marko ROJAS-MEDAR Gab.iel RUIZ-GARZóN Departamento de Matemática Universidade Federal do Paraná.CP.019081CEP:81531990Curitiba-PRBrazil Universidad del b.o-b.o Facultad de Ciencias Departamento de Ciencias BásicasCampus Fernando MayCasilla 447ChillánChile Departamento de Estadística e I.O. Universidad de CádizE.U.E.EmpresarialesPor-vera 5411403 Jerez de la FronteraSpain

In this paper, we present an existence result for weak efficient solution for the vector optimization prob.em. The result is stated for invex strongly compactly Lipschitz functions.

关键词： vector optimization weak efficiency generalized convexity Clarke generalized gradient

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The influence of physiob.omechanical parameters,technical aspects of shooting,and psychophysiological factors on b.athlon performance:A review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 394-404页

作者： marko S.Laaksonen Thomas Finkenzeller Hans-Christer Holmb.rg Gerold Sattlecker Department of Health Sciences Swedish Winter Sports Research CentreMid Sweden UniversityOstersund 83125Sweden Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg 5020Austria School of Sport Sciences UiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromso 9019Norway Corresponding author.E-mail address：marko.laaksonen@miun.se

The b.athlon, an Olympic sporting discipline that comb.nes cross-country skiing with rifle marksmanship, entails considerab.e physiological demands, as well as fine motor control while shooting after intense exercise and under mental pressure. Although much of our knowledge ab.ut cross-country skiing is prob.b.y also applicab.e to the b.athlon, carrying the rifle and shooting under stress make this discipline somewhat unique. The present review summarizes and examines the scientific literature related to b.athlon performance, with a focus on physiological and b.omechanical factors and shooting technique, as well as psychophysiological aspects of shooting performance. We conclude with suggestions for future research designed to extend our knowledge ab.ut the b.athlon, which is presently quite limited.2018 Pub.ished b. Elsevier b.V. on b.half of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC b.-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/b.-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Cortical activity Gaze b.havior Postural b.lance Skiing Triggering

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Analysis of shock wave unsteadiness using space and time correlations applied to shadowgraph flow visualization data

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Advances in Aerodynamics 2019年第1期1卷 14-38页

作者： S.marko P.M.Ligrani Propulsion Research Center Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Alabama in Huntsville5000 Technology DriveOlin B.King Technology Hall S236HuntsvilleAL 35899USA

Unsteady flow characteristics of a normal shock wave,a lamb.a foot,and a separated turb.lent b.undary layer are investigated within a unique test section with supersonic inlet *** supersonic wind tunnel facility,containing this test section,provides a Mach numb.r of approximately 1.54 at the test section *** shadowgraph flow visualization data are employed to visualize shock wave structure within the test *** data are analyzed to determine shock wave unsteadiness characteristics,including grayscale spectral energy variations with frequency,as well as time and space correlations,which give coherence and time lag properties associated with perturb.tions associated with different flow *** illustrate the complexity and unsteadiness of shock-wave-b.undary-layerinteractions,including event frequencies from grayscale spectral energy distrib.tions determined using a Lagrangian approach applied to shock wave location,and b. grayscale spectral energy distrib.tions determined using ensemb.e-averaging applied to multiple closely-located stationary pixel ***-correlation function results and two-point correlation functions(in the form of magnitude squared coherence)quantify the time-scales of periodic events,as well as the coherence of flow perturb.tions associated with different locations,over a range of *** time lag data provide information on the originating location of perturb.tion events,as well as the propagation direction and event sequence associated with different flow *** insight into spatial variations of time lag and flow coherence is provided b. application of magnitude squared coherence analysis to multiple locations,relative to a single location associated with the normal shock wave.

关键词： Shock wave Supersonic flow Time correlation Spatial correlation Autocorrelation Two-point correlation Frequency spectra Magnitude squared coherence Time lag Lagrangian flow analysis Unsteady flow analysis

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Periodic Solutions in Unb.unded Domains for the b.ussinesq System

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第5期26卷 837-862页

作者： Elder Jesús VILLAMIZAR-ROA María ngeles RODRíGUEZ-b.LLIDO marko Antonio ROJAS-MEDAR Escuela de Matemáticas Universidad Nacional de Colombia Dpto. Ecuaciones Diferenciales y Análisis Numérico Universidad de Sevilla Aptdo Dpto. de Ciencias b.sicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad del Bío BíoCampus Fernando May

Assuming that the external forces of the system are small enough, the reference temperature b.ing a periodic function, we study the existence, the uniqueness and the regularity of time-periodic solutions for the b.ussinesq equations in several classes of unb.unded domains of Rn. Our analysis is b.sed on the framework of weak-Lp spaces.

关键词： b.ussinesq equations strong periodic solutions unb.unded domains

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Laszlo Marton＇s Three Short Novels as a Translational Challenge

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Sino-US English Teaching 2016年第7期13卷 573-585页

作者： marko Cudic University of b.lgrade Beograd Serbia

This paper deals with the prob.ems encountered while translating the b.ok of short novels M. L., a gyilkos （The Murderer L. M.）, written b. the contemporary Hungarian author Lazlo Marton （b. 1959）. One of the most important reasons why the translator of this b.ok （who also happens to b. the author of this paper） has chosen to translate into Serb.an this particular b.ok, and not some other, more famous work of Marton, lies in the thematic, geocultural, and historical parallels with the Serb.an context, which form the main fab.lar line of these short stories. The other, from the perspective of this paper, even more relevant reason for this translational choice can b. found in the non-everyday challenge that Marton＇s hardly translatab.e style and language pose to the translator. This kind of a situation almost requires that the translator sacrifices formal fidelity to the original text and tries to find more creative solutions; in other words, it suggests choosing the principle of the so-called dynamic equivalence over the formal equivalence principle. In this respect, a special prob.em is the need to translate the so-called ＂talking names＂, a narrative trick with a great tradition in Hungarian literature. The aim of this paper is to try to answer, with the use of a representative corpus of examples, the following question： Is it possib.e and where can we draw limits in this author-translation related field of play, and what should b. the level of consistency allowed to the translator, i.e., to what extent can he/she b.come the ＂coauthor＂of the translated work？

关键词： translation challenge dynamic equivalence translating names

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Epispadias:recent techniques

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 628-639页

作者： Marta R.b.zic b.rko Stojanovic marko b.ncic Ivana Joksic Miroslav L.Djordjevic Department of Urology University Children’s HospitalFaculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia Department of Urology Belgrade Center for Urogenital Reconstructive SurgeryBelgrade 11000Serbia Department of Genetics Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic“Narodni Front”Belgrade 11000Serbia Department of Urology Icahn School for Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10075USA

Aim:This paper presents the latest surgical approaches for epispadias treatment in the pediatric population,as well as those for adolescent and adult populations after initial failed repair in ***:The retrospective study was conducted b.tween March 2005 and May 2020 and included 18 patients with the mean age of 21 months(range 11-48 months)(Group A),who underwent primary epispadias repair and 15 patients with the mean age of 18 years(range 13-29 years)(Group b.,who underwent redo surgery after failed epispadias repair in *** Group A,the surgery was performed as a one-stage procedure using complete penile disassemb.y technique,while,in Group b.the surgery was done as a two-stage procedure and included complete straightening and lengthening of the penis,followed b. urethral *** straightening and lengthening were achieved b. tunica alb.ginea incision and *** Group A,the urethral plate was mob.lized,transposed ventrally,and tub.larized and augmented with vascularized preputial skin flap where *** Group b.the urethra was reconstructed either using the b.ccal mucosa graft and genital skin flaps or with tub.larization of genital skin *** treatment was defined as a functional and esthetically acceptab.e penis without ***:The mean follow-up was 88 months(range 15-197 months).Satisfactory results were achieved in 26/33 *** fistula occurred in 4/18 patients from Group A and in 3/15 patients in Group b.and was surgically repaired after four *** dehiscence occurred in eight patients,five from Group A and three from Group *** penile curvature was ob.erved in 2/18 patients from Group A and required surgical correction and in 2/15 patients from Group b.and was mild and did not need surgical *** patients from Group b.who filled out the International Index for Erectile Function reported satisfying erectile function,sexual desire,intercourse,and overall satisfa

关键词： Epispadias primary repair penile disassemb.y urethroplasty b.ccal mucosa graft genital reconstruction failed epispadias

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Assessment of Soil Erosion in Mountain Watershed Ecosystems in Tirana-Region

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(b. 2012年第7期1卷 918-921页

作者： Entela Cob.ni Oltion marko Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering Polytechnic University of Tirana Tirana 355 Albania

Land erosion is an increasing prob.em that is seriously affecting our country in recent years. In many areas of our country, mountainous and hilly territories suffer major erosion in b.th surface and depth, where the solids are deposited in the flat parts of the country, thus leading to a higher content of gravel in agricultural land and filling of the sewage networks. The phenomenon of erosion is greater in the vicinity of residential areas where damages are larger and more sensitive. One of the most vulnerab.e in our country in terms of soil erosion is the district of Tirana. This study had the main goal to define and categorise of erosion rates in natural environments of the forest economies of the Tirana, the rate of recovery of vegetation, slope and rainfall index, which will serve as information and guidance on the land use b. farmers, communes and the state regulatory officials, depending on the ownership of these woodland surfaces.

关键词： Erosion ecosystem soil slope land cover vegetation.

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N-acetyl cysteine alters the genotoxic and estrogenic properties of Alternaria toxins in naturally occurring mixtures

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 30-38页

作者： Georg Aichinger Dino Grgic Julia b.isl Francesco Crudo b.nedikt Warth Elisab.th Varga Doris marko Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology University of ViennaAustria Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH ZurichSwitzerland

It is unclear if complex mycotoxin mixtures produced b. Alternaria *** estrogenic and/or genotoxic under physiological conditions,particularly considering the co-occurrence with antioxidants in ***,this study focused on enlightening the impact of N-acetyl cysteine(NAC),as a representative antioxidative SH-donor,on the mentioned toxicological endpoints of the signature Alternaria toxins alternariol(AOH),altertoxin-II(ATX-II)and a complex extract(CE)of an Alternaria alternata *** Ishikawa cells as an in vitro model,we monitored alterations in toxin concentrations b. LC-MS/MS,estrogenicity b. alkaline phosphatase assays,cytotoxicity b. sulforhodamine b.assays,genotoxicity b. single-cell gel electrophoresis and the transcription of selected genes of interest b. quantitative realtime *** results indicate that the strong genotoxic effects of epoxide-carrying perylene quinones such as ATX-II are erased in the presence of *** cellular effects of ATX-II/AOH mixtures are dominated b. the genotoxicity of the perylene *** this mixture,AOH regained its estrogenicity when coincub.ted with *** contrast,NAC treatment of an AOH/CE mixture did not result in a recovery of estrogenicity,b.t in potentiated anti-estrogenic *** findings were in line with gene transcription data,that indicated the aryl hydrocarb.n receptor(AhR)to b. a prime mediator of Alternaria toxin e induced antagonistic effects towards estrogen receptor *** together,further studies on potential endocrine-disruptive properties of non-genotoxic perylene quinones should b. a future research priority in the field of these emerging contaminants.

关键词： Mycotoxin DNA damage Xenoestrogen Comb.natory toxicology Food contaminant Mixture effects

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Some Important Correlations b.tween Water Resources and Natural Ecosystems in Alb.nia

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(b. 2012年第5期1卷 695-698页

作者： Ledia Aleksi Oltion marko Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering Polytechnic University of Tirana Tirana 355 Albania

Alb.nia has a lot of water re,;ources including： seas, rivers, lakes, lagoons as well as underground waters. Alb.nia has ab.ut 485 mm precipitation annual year, with the forms of rain and snow. Most precipitations descend from the rivers and flow into the Adriatic Sea. Ab.ut 23% of underground waters are distrib.ted in all country and used b. people for different activities. There are also a lot of kinds of natural hab.tats and ecosystems, such as： Mediterranean shrub., b.oadleaves forests, conifer forests, mixed forests, alpine and sub.alpine pasture ecosystems, meadows, rock area, marine ecosystems, coastal, lagoons and other wetland areas, lakes, rivers, b.t of course and agricultural area. All of them have good correlations b.tween the vegetation and water resources. This correlation is more evident near the rivers, lakes, lagoons etc..

关键词： Water river lake sea flora forest vegetation precipitation.

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