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A comparison of model choice strategies for logistic regression

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第1期9卷 37-52页

作者： markku Karhunen Built Environment Solutions unit Finnish Environment Institute(Syke)Latokartanonkaari 1100790 HelsinkiFinland

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to develop and compare model choice strategies in context of logistic *** choice means the choice of the covariates to be included in the ***/methodology/approach:The study is based on Monte Carlo *** methods are compared in terms of three measures of accuracy:specificity and two kinds of sensitivity.A loss function combining sensitivity and specificity is introduced and used for a final ***:The choice of method depends on how much the users emphasize sensitivity against *** also depends on the sample *** a typical logistic regression setting with a moderate sample size and a small to moderate effect size,either BIC,BICc or Lasso seems to be *** limitations:Numerical simulations cannot cover the whole range of data-generating processes occurring with real-world ***,more simulations are *** implications:Researchers can refer to these results if they believe that their data-generating process is somewhat similar to some of the scenarios presented in this ***,they could run their own simulations and calculate the loss ***/value:This is a systematic comparison of model choice algorithms and heuristics in context of logistic *** distinction between two types of sensitivity and a comparison based on a loss function are methodological novelties.

关键词： Model choice Logistic regression Logit regression Monte Carlo simulations Sensitivity Specificity

Taxonomic history and identity of Musa dasycarpa,*** and *** (Musaceae) in Southeast Asia

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植物分类学报 2008年第2期46卷 230-235页

作者： markku HKKINEN Henry VRE Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Mengla Yunnan 666303 China Botanic Garden University of Helsinki P.O. Box 44 (Jyrngntie 2) FI-00014 Finland Finnish Museum of Natural History Botanical Museum University of Helsinki P.O. Box 7 (Unioninkatu 44) FI-00014 Finland

Since the initial description, the name Musa dasycarpa Kurz (1867) has been unclear to most botanists. It has usually been synonymized with M. velutina H. Wendl. & Drude (1875). However, although the original diagnosis was very short, 'fruits hairy', it is adequate. Thus, according to Vienna Codes, M. dasycarpa Kurz has priority over M. velutina H. Wendl. & Drude. The aim of this study is to settle the true identity and to update the description of M. dasycarpa Kurz. For that purpose the names M. dasycarpa and M. velutina are typified. In addi-tion, critical notes regarding M. assamica Bull. are given; it is neotypified here, and considered as conspecific with M. sanguinea Hook. f.

关键词：香蕉科南亚地区分类鉴定野生种质

A taxonomic revision of Musa aurantiaca (Musaceae) in Southeast Asia

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植物分类学报 2008年第1期46卷 89-92页

作者： markku HKKINEN Henry VRE Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Mengla Yunnan 666303 China Botanic Garden University of Helsinki P.O. Box 44 (Jyrngntie 2) FI-00014 Finland Finnish Museum of Natural History Botanical Museum University of Helsinki P.O. Box 7 (Unioninkatu 44) FI-00014 Finland)

Since the initial description, the name Musa aurantiaca Baker (1893) has been unclear to most botanists. The aim of this study is to settle its true identity and to update the description. The plant is distributed in the regions of Upper Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India, Northern Myanmar and Tibet, China where it occurs commonly but it is not mentioned in Chinese literature at all. In this paper, the authors also review the description and the literature history of M. aurantiaca from 1893 to the present. Musa aurantiaca Baker is typified here.

关键词：香蕉科东南亚分类学野生香蕉芭蕉

Genome constitution for Musa beccarii (Musaceae) varieties

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植物分类学报 2007年第1期45卷 69-74页

作者： markku HKKINEN Chee How TEO Yasmin Rofina OTHMAN Botanic Garden University of Helsinki P. O. Box 44 (Jyrngntie 2) FI-00014 Finland Department of Biology University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH United Kingdom Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Musa beccarii *** var. beccarii and Musa beccarii *** var. hottana H?kkinen were described earlier in Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica based on their morphological characteristics. In order to distinguish the genomes between the two M. beccarii varieties and M. coccinea Andrews, we have now studied them with the Inter- Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) marker analyses. The high levels of IRAP polymorphism detected in this study showed that M. beccarii var. beccarii and M. beccarii var. hottana are two distinct varieties. Additional IRAP bands found in M. beccarii var. beccarii indicated that M. beccarii var. hottana might be evolutionarily more ancient than M. beccarii var. beccarii because LTR retrotransposons are not transpositionally removed.

关键词： genome constitution inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism Musa beccarii var. beccarii Musa beccarii var. hottana Musa coccinea phylogenetic analysis.

Vegetation structural characteristics and topographic factors in the remnant moist Afromontane forest of Wondo Genet, south central Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 419-430页

作者： Mamo Kebede markku Kanninen Eshetu Yirdaw Mulugeta Lemenih Viikki Tropical Resources Institute (VITRI) Department of Forest Sciences University of Helsinki Hawassa University Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources

For forest ecosystem management to be effective, knowledge of the horizontal and vertical structural diversity of a forest is essential. The moist Afromontane highlands of Wondo Genet in south-central Ethiopia present an opportunity to restore and rehabilitate and enhance the ecosystem services to be obtained from this forest sustainably. We focused on the forest structural characteristics to better understand the current forest conditions to assist in the sustainable management of this resource. A total of 75 （20 m × 20 m） quadrats were sampled and diame- ter at breast height （DBH）〉2 cm and stem height 〉2 m were measured. Species identity and abundance, elevation, slope, and aspect were recorded for each plot. Structural characteristics were computed for each plot. Relationship of topographic factors with vegetation characteristics was conducted using R-Software. A total of 72 woody species was re- corded. Whereas, the overall diameter distribution shows an inverted J-shaped curve, the basal area followed a bell-shaped pattern. Five types of population structures are revealed. The mean tree density and basal area was 397.3 ***-1 and 31.4 ***-1, respectively. Only 2.8% of the tree species have densities of 〉25 ***^-1 and the percentage dis- tribution of trees show 56.2% in the DBH class 2-10 cm, indicating that the forest is dominated by medium-sized trees. Celtis africana （8.81 ***^-1） and Pouteria adolfi-friederieii （5.13 ***^-1） make the highest contribution to the basal area and species importance value index. The families/species with the highest importance value index are Ulmaceae, Fabacea and Sapotaceae. Species abundance （r2 = 0.32, p 〈0.001） and species richness （P =0.50, p 〈0.001） are positively related with tree density. Tree density is negatively related with elevation （~ = -0.36, p 〈0.001）, slope （r2 =-0.15, p 〈0.001） and aspect （r2 = -0.07, p 〈0.05）. While basal area is negatively related with elevation （r2 =-0.14, p 〈0.001）, it has a

关键词： forest structure basal area stratification topographic factors Afromontane forest

Musa chunii Hkkinen,a new species (Musaceae) from Yunnan,China and taxonomic identity of Musa rubra

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第1期47卷 87-91页

作者： markku HKKINEN Botanic Garden University of Helsinki Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences

The center of diversity of the genus Musa (Musaceae) is in Southeast Asia, a region not studied in detail and where new species and varieties continue to be reported. A new wild banana species, M. chunii Hkkinen from Yunnan, China is described and illustrated based on observed morphological characteristics in the field. This extremely rare new species was only found in Tongbiguan Nature Reserve, Dehong District, West Yunnan. A key to M. chunii and related taxa is provided. In addition, critical notes regarding M. rubra Kurz identity are given.

关键词： Musa Musa chunii Hkkinen Musa rubra Kurz Musaceae Rhodochlamys Southeast Asia wild banana

Behavior of Decayed Spruce (Picea abies) during Kraft Pulping

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Paper And Biomaterials 2020年第4期5卷 1-7页

作者： markku Halonen Raimo Alén Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyväskyläFI-40014Finland

This study indicated that by applying an improved classification system to decayed large-diameter Norway spruce(Picea abies)wood,its use as raw material for kraft pulping without loss of pulp quality could be essentially *** is based on the fact that although the cooking yield of decayed spruce material which has been sorted according to these new recommendations is somewhat lower and Kappa number higher than those of sound wood material,the greatest part of the decayed stem(the outer part of the stem)contains long-fiber wood material which produces pulp of good ***,large-diameter spruce logs can also be separately used,for example,in the manufacture of reinforcement pulp.

关键词： Norway spruce kraft pulping wood decay fungal decay soft rot

The ADV/ASV AATSR aerosol retrieval algorithm:current status and presentation of a full-mission AOD dataset

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第6期9卷 545-561页

作者： Pekka Kolmonen Larisa Sogacheva Timo H.Virtanen Gerrit de Leeuw markku Kulmala Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland Department of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

An advanced along-track scanning radiometer(AATSR)global multi-year aerosol retrieval algorithm is *** land,the AATSR dual-view(ADV)algorithm utilizes the measured top of the atmosphere(TOA)reflectance in both the nadir and forward views to decouple the contributions of the atmosphere and the surface to retrieve aerosol *** ocean,the AATSR single-view(ASV)algorithm minimizes the discrepancy between the measured and modelled TOA reflectances in one of the views to retrieve the aerosol information using an ocean reflectance *** steps to process global,multiyear aerosol information are *** include cloud screening,the averaging of measured reflectance,and *** of the algorithms are also *** main product of the aerosol retrieval is the aerosol optical depth(AOD)at visible/near-infrared *** retrieved AOD is validated using data from the surface-based AERONET and maritime aerosol network(MAN)sun photometer networks as *** validation shows good agreement with the reference(r=0.85,RMSE=0.09 over land;r=0.83,RMSE=0.09 at coasts and r=0.96,RMSE=0.06 over open ocean).The results of the aerosol retrievals are presented for the full AATSR mission years 2002–2012 with seasonally averaged time series for selected regions.

关键词： Visible/infrared remote sensing earth observation global environmental change atmospheric aerosols

Risk factors for major gastrointestinal bleeding in the general population in Finland

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 2008-2020页

作者： Pareen Vora Ronald Herrera Arto Pietila Ulrich Mansmann Gunnar Brobert markku Peltonen Veikko Salomaa Integrated Evidence Generation Bayer AGBerlin 13353Germany Institute for Medical Information Processing Biometryand EpidemiologyLudwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 81337Germany Pettenkofer School of Public Health Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 81337Germany Department of Public Health and Welfare National Institute for Health and Welfare(THL)Helsinki FI-00271Finland Medical Affairs Bayer ABSolna 17165Sweden

BACKGROUND Data on non-drug related risk-factors for gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB)in the general population are limited,especially for life-style factors,clinical measurements and laboratory *** To identify and investigate non-drug risk factors for major GIB in the general population of *** We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the FINRISK health examination surveys,which have been conducted every 5 years across Finland from 1987 to *** were adults aged 25 years to 74 years,excluding those with a previous hospitalization for ***-up from enrollment was performed through linkage to national electronic health registers and ended at an event of GIB that led to hospitalization/death,death due to any other cause,or after 10 *** included demographics,socioeconomic and lifestyle factors,clinical measurements,laboratory parameters and *** selection was undertaken using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)and factors associated with GIB were identified using Cox *** Among 33,508 participants,403(1.2%)experienced GIB[256 men(63.5%);mean age,56.0 years(standard deviation(SD)±12.1)]and 33105 who did not experience GIB[15768 men(47.6%);mean age,46.8(SD±13)years],within 10 years of *** associated with a significantly increased risk of GIB were baseline age[per 10-year increase;hazard ratio(HR)1.62,95%confidence interval(CI):1.42-1.86],unemployment(HR:1.70,95%CI:1.11-2.59),body mass index(BMI)(HR:1.15,95%CI:1.01-1.32),gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(HR:1.05,95%CI:1.02-1.09),precursors of GIB(HR:1.90,95%CI:1.37-2.63),cancer(HR:1.47,95%CI:1.10-1.97),psychiatric disorders(HR:1.32,95%CI:1.01-1.71),heart failure(HR:1.46,95%CI:1.04-2.05),and liver disorders(HR:3.20,95%CI:2.06-4.97).Factors associated with a significantly decreased risk of GIB were systolic blood pressure(SBP)(HR:0.78,95%CI:0.64-0.96),6-10 cups of coffee a day(HR:0.67,95%CI:0.46-0

关键词： Risk factors Gastrointestinal hemorrhage General population Finland Life style Population health