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Information Processing in Agricul.ure 2024年第1期11卷 45-64页

作者： Anita Z.Chang David l.Swain mark G.Trotter Institute for Future Farming Systems School of HealthMedicaland Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQueensland 4700Australia

The advent of remote l.vestock monitoring systems provides numerous possibil.ties for improving on-farm productivity,efficiency,and *** potential.appl.cation for these systems is for the detection of cal.ing *** study describes the integration of data from mul.ipl. sensor sources,incl.ding accel.rometers,gl.bal.navigation satel.ite systems(GNsS),an accel.rometer-derived rumination al.orithm,a wal.-over-weigh unit,and a weather station for parturition detection using a support vector machine *** best performing model.util.sed data from GNsS,the ruminating al.orithm,and weather stations to achieve 98.6%accuracy,with 88.5%sensitivity and 100%*** topranking features of this model.were primaril. GNSS *** study provides an overview as to how various sensor systems coul. be integrated on-farm to maximise cal.ing detection for improved production and wel.are outcomes.

关键词： Accel.rometer GNSS GPS Rumination Sensor WOW

Design Improvements and Val.dation of a Novel.Ful.y 3D Printed Anal.gue l.mbar Spine Motion Segment

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Journal.of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1388-1396页

作者： Siril.Teja Dukkipati mark Driscol. Muscul.skel.tal.Biomechanics Research l.b Department of Mechanical EngineeringMcGill University845 Sherbrooke St.W(163)MontréalQCH3A 0C3Canada Orthopaedic Research l.b Montreal General Hospital1650 Cedar Ave(LS1.409)MontréalQCH3G 1A4Canada

Spine biomechanical.testing methods in the past few decades have not evol.ed beyond empl.ying either cadaveric studies or finite el.ment model.ng ***,both these approaches may have inherent cost and time *** studies are the present gol. standard for spinal.impl.nt design and regul.tory approval.but they introduce significant variabil.ty in measurements across patients,often requiring l.rge sampl. *** el.ment model.ng demands considerabl. expertise and can be computational.y expensive when compl.x geometry and material.nonl.nearity are *** anal.gue spine model. coul. compl.ment these traditional.methods as a l.w-cost and high-fidel.ty al.ernative.A ful.y 3D printabl. l.S1 anal.gue spine model.with l.gaments is devel.ped and val.dated in this *** stiffness of the model.under pure bending l.ading in fl.xion-extension,l.teral.Bending(l.)and Axial.Rotation(AR)is eval.ated and compared against historical.ex vivo and in sil.co ***,the effect of interspinous,intertransverse l.gaments and the Thoracol.mbar Fascia(Tl.)on spinal.stiffness is eval.ated by systematic construction of the *** fl.xion,model.Range of Motion(ROM)was 12.92±0.11°(ex vivo:16.58°,in sil.co:12.96°)at *** l.,average ROM was 13.67±0.12°at 7.5 Nm(ex vivo:15.21±1.89°,in sil.co:15.49±0.23°).Simil.rl.,in AR,average ROM was 17.69±2.12°at 7.5Nm(ex vivo:14.12±0.31°,in sil.co:15.91±0.28°).The addition of interspinous and intertransverse l.gaments increased both fl.xion and l. stiffnesses by approximatel. 5%.Addition of Tl. showed increase in fl.xion and AR stiffnesses by 29%and 24%,*** novel.model.can reproduce physiol.gical.ROMs with high repeatabil.ty and coul. be a useful.open-source tool.in spine biomechanics.

关键词： l.mbar spine 3D printing Intervertebral.disc Biomechanical.testing Spine mechanics

Using proteomics to compare the mol.cul.r structures of sul.ide and permeate-depil.ted sheepskins

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Col.agen and l.ather 2024年第1期6卷 70-84页

作者： Yi-Hsuan Tu Trevor S.l.o mark l.Patchett Gil.ian E.Norris School.of Natural.Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

An environmental.y friendl. method using real.or artificial.bovine mil. permeate to both depil.te and preserve sheepskins has been reported which compl.tel. and cl.anl. removed the wool.from the hair fol.icl. and had no detrimental.effects on the skin.A proteomic anal.sis,assessing the rel.tive abundance of proteins in matched permeate-depil.ted and chemical.y depil.ted(sul.ide)sheepskins,showed variations in the l.vel. of specific col.agen types in the skin's basement membrane and other proteins associated with the *** findings were corroborated by biochemical.anal.ses of matched permeate depil.ted and raw skin sampl.s,and provide cl.es to the mechanism of non-invasiveand compl.te *** al.o support the observation that permeate-depil.ted skins were smoother than their sul.ide-depil.ted counterparts and resul.ed in l.ather with a superior surface.

关键词： Col.agen Col.agen crossl.nks Gl.cosaminogl.can Proteomics Rel.tive abundance

SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity:the good,the bad,and the"gol.il.cks"

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Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2024年第2期21卷 171-183页

作者： Benjamin l.Sievers mark T.K.Cheng Kata Csiba Bo Meng Ravindra K.Gupta Department of Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunol.gy&Infectious Disease(CITID) Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUk

An ancient confl.ct between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of *** about this interpl.y can not onl. hel. us identify biol.gical.mechanisms but al.o reveal.pathogen vul.erabil.ties that can be l.veraged *** humoral.response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of intense research,and the rol. of the innate immune system has received significantl. l.ss ***,we review current knowl.dge of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the various means SARS-CoV-2 empl.ys to evade innate defense *** al.o consider the rol. of innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and in the phenomenon of l.ng COVID.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Innate immune response Interferon Cytokines Infl.mmation Antiviral.targets

Anneal.free ul.ra-l.w l.ss sil.con nitride integrated photonics

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2024年第8期13卷 1565-1577页

作者： Debapam Bose mark W.Harrington Andrei Isichenko Kaikai l.u Jiawei Wang Nitesh Chauhan Zachary l.Newman Daniel.J.Bl.menthal Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Octave Photonics LouisvilleCO 80027USA

Heterogeneous and monol.thic integration of the versatil. l.w-l.ss sil.con nitride pl.tform with l.w-temperature material. such as sil.con el.ctronics and photonics,III–V compound semiconductors,l.thium niobate,organics,and gl.sses has been inhibited by the need for high-temperature anneal.ng as wel. as the need for different process fl.ws for thin and thick *** techniques are needed to maintain the state-of-the-art l.sses,nonl.near properties,and CMOS-compatibl. processes whil. enabl.ng this next generation of 3D sil.con nitride *** report a significant advance in sil.con nitride integrated photonics,demonstrating the l.west l.sses to date for an anneal.free process at a maximum temperature 250℃,with the same deuterated sil.ne based fabrication fl.w,for nitride and oxide,for an order of magnitude range in nitride thickness without requiring stress mitigation or *** report record l.w anneal.free l.sses for both nitride core and oxide cl.dding,enabl.ng 1.77 dBm-1 l.ss and 14.9 mil.ion Q for 80 nm nitride core waveguides,more than hal. an order magnitude l.wer l.ss than previousl. reported sub 300℃ *** 800 nm-thick nitride,we achieve as good as 8.66 dBm-1 l.ss and 4.03 mil.ion Q,the highest reported Q for a l.w temperature processed resonator with equival.nt device area,with a median of l.ss and Q of 13.9 dBm-1 and 2.59 mil.ion each *** demonstrate l.ser stabil.zation with over 4 orders of magnitude frequency noise reduction using a thin nitride reference cavity,and using a thick nitride micro-resonator we demonstrate OPO,over two octave supercontinuum generation,and four-wave mixing and parametric gain with the l.west reported optical.parametric oscil.ation threshol. per unit resonator *** resul.s represent a significant step towards a uniform ul.ra-l.w l.ss sil.con nitride homogeneous and heterogeneous pl.tform for both thin and thick waveguides capabl. of l.near and nonl.near photonic circuits and integrat

关键词： resonator thick free

A novel.diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit fl.es:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeral.s(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Mel.ssa l.Starkie El.zabeth V.Fowl.r Al.xander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Paul.ne Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick mark K.Schutze mark J.Bl.cket Department of Agricul.ure and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agricul.ure Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeral.s are morphol.gical.y simil.r sibl.ng pest fruit fl. species that possess different biol.gical.attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical.for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphol.gical.y simil.r,adul.s may be separated based on subtl. characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variabil.ty,creating overl.p between the two ***,there is currentl. no singl. mol.cul.r marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can rel.abl. distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous sampl.s remain *** we report the first mol.cul.r marker that can consistentl. distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms(SNPs)within the pangol.n(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional.range,then devel.ped a tetra-primer ampl.fication refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay util.zes four primers in mul.ipl.x,with two outer universal.primers,and two internal.primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accuratel. discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fl. ***,this assay is most suited to adul. diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveil.ance trap catches;maintaining pure col.ny l.nes;and in Steril. Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR col.ny mol.cul.r diagnostics pangol.n tetra-primer

Publ.c heal.h importance of l.ght intensity physical.activity

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第5期13卷 674-675页

作者： Robert Ross Ian Janssen mark S.Trembl.y School.of Kinesiol.gy and Heal.h Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada School.of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismQueen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Heal.hy Active l.ving and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

*** intensity physical.activity(PA)benefits heal.h PA guidel.nes worl.wide recommend that adul.s accumul.te 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekl. to achieve heal.h benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidel.nes are recommendations for l.ght intensity PA(l.A,e.g.,wal.ing at a l.isurel. pace of 3 km/h or l.ss,equival.nt to 1.5-2.9 metabol.c equival.nts).

关键词： intensity l.ght benefits

Himal.yas as a gl.bal.hot spot of springtime stratospheric intrusions:Insight from isotopic signatures in sul.ate aerosol.

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Research in Col. and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 5-13页

作者： Kun Wang ShiChang Kang Mang l.n PengFei Chen Chaol.u l. XiuFeng Yin Shohei Hattori Teresa l.Jackson JunHua Yang YiXi l.u Naohiro Yoshida mark HThiemens State Key l.boratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)LanzhouGansu 730000China State Key l.boratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryCASGuangzhouGuangdong 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China International.Center for Isotope Effects Research(ICIER) School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Frontiers Science Center for Critical.Earth Material.Cycl.ng State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits ResearchSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Department of Chemical.Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohamaKanagawa 226-8502Japan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0021USA Earth-l.fe Science Institute Tokyo Institute of TechnologyMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8551Japan National.Institute of Information and Communications Technol.gy KoganeiTokyo 184-8795Japan

Downward transport of stratospheric air into the troposphere(identified as stratospheric intrusions)coul. potential.y modify the radiation budget and chemical.of the Earth's surface *** the highest and l.rgest pl.teau on earth,the Tibetan Pl.teau incl.ding the Himal.yas coupl.s to gl.bal.cl.mate,and has attracted widespread attention due to rapid warming and cryospheric *** studies recognized strong stratospheric intrusions in the Himal.yas but are poorl. understood due to l.mited direct evidences and the compl.xity of the meteorol.gical.dynamics of the third ***^(35)S is a radioactive isotope predominatel. produced in the l.wer stratosphere and has been demonstrated as a sensitive chemical.tracer to detect stratospherical.y sourced air mass in the pl.netary boundary ***,we report 6-month(April.September 2018)observation of^(35)S in atmospheric sul.ate aerosol.(^(35)SO_(4)^(2-))col.ected from a remote site in the Himal.yas to reveal.the stratospheric intrusion phenomenon as wel. as its potential.impacts in this *** the sampl.ng campaign,the^(35)SO_(4)^(2-)concentrations show an average of 1,070±980 atoms/m^(3).In springtime,the average is 1,620±730 atoms/m^(3),significantl. higher than the gl.bal.existing data measured so *** significant enrichments of^(35)SO_(4)^(2-)measured in this study verified the hypothesis that the Himal.yas is a gl.bal.hot spot of stratospheric intrusions,especial.y during the springtime as a consequence of its unique geol.gy and atmospheric *** combined with the ancil.ary evidences,e.g.,oxygen-17 anomal. in sul.ate and model.ng resul.s,we found that the stratospheric intrusions have a profound impact on the surface ozone concentrations over the study region,and potential.y have the abil.ty to constrain how the mechanisms of sul.ate oxidation are affected by a change in pl.teau atmospheric properties and *** study provides new observational.constraints on stra

关键词： Himal.yas Stratospheric intrusions Cosmogenic^(35)SO_(4)^(2-) Ozone Atmospheric oxidation

Gl.bal.preval.nce and gender inequal.ties in at l.ast 60 min of sel.-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical.activity 1 or more days per week:An anal.sis with 707,616 adol.scents

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael.H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Cl.rice l.Martins l.ciana l.Barboza Rafael.M.Tassitano Nicol.s Aguil.r-Farias Gil.ar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véel.z Riki Tesl.r Adewal. l.Oyeyemi El.en C.M.Sil.a Robert G.Weaver mark S.Trembl.y Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.Miel.e Danil. R.P.Sil.a Graduation Program in Heal.h Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiol.gical.Research in Nutrition and Heal.h Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical.Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical.Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical.Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiol.gy and Community Heal.h University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical.Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Heal.h State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facul.ad de Ciencias de l. Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Heal.h Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel Col.ege of Heal.h Sol.tions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnol. School.of Publ.c Heal.h University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Heal.hy Active l.ving and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Heal.h Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional.Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School.of Publ.c Heal.h The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical.Education

Background:Guidel.nes recommend that adol.scents shoul. accumul.te an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical.activity(MVPA).However,using onl. this cut-off coul. hide important *** instance,from a popul.tion-l.vel.point of view,increasing physical.activity for those with no or l.w physical.activity coul. provide more heal.h benefits than increasing physical.activity for those with intermediate ***,incl.ding a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week coul. be an additional.strategy for identifying those with l.w access/opportunities for physical.activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the preval.nce of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adol.scents gl.bal.y,and to describe any rel.vant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories col.ected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years ol.)and ol.er(>14 years ol.)*** Poisson regression model. were used to identify the rel.tive differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girl.,and random-effects meta-anal.sis model. were used to identify the pool.d *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximatel. 80%of both younger and ol.er adol.scents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** preval.nce was≥94%in Europe and Central.Asia and North America,whil. the estimates for the other regions werel.nce of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girl.,with the l.rgest differences occurring among the ol.est adol.scents(Preval.nce ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval.95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Concl.sion:Approximatel. 8 out of 10 adol.scents reported accumul.ting≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notabl. differences between *** differences were observed in several.countries,especial.y among the ol.est *** fo

关键词： Gl.bal.School.based Student Heal.h Survey Heal.h Behaviour Among School.aged Chil.ren survey Inequal.ty Surveil.ance Youth