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Anatomy of Free Fl.p Fail.res: Dissection of a Series

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Modern Pl.stic Surgery 2013年第3期3卷 89-95页

作者： Steven P. Davison mark W. Cl.mens Andrew l. Kochuba Department of Pl.stic Surgery Georgetown University Hospital Washington DC USA

Introduction: Free fl.p success rates have remained stabl. in recent years ranging 93% to 98%. Historical.y, the causes of free fl.p fail.res were attributed to the surgeon’s inexperience and technique. However, there are factors beyond the surgical.anastomosis that contribute to fl.p fail.re. The purpose of this study is to review each case of total.fl.p l.ss in detail.to devel.p a better understanding of compl.cations. Methods: A retrospective study was performed over el.ven years in a singl. surgeon’s practice, a predominantl. head and neck reconstructive practice. Al. charts were independentl. reviewed. In patients who sustained total.fl.p l.ss, a review was conducted of patient comorbidites, anesthesia records, perioperative and fol.ow-up notes. Resul.s: A total.of 514 free fl.ps were performed. 76% (392) of these fl.ps were for head and neck reconstruction. There were 22 total.fl.p l.sses (4%) and 26 partial.fl.p l.sses (5%). Of the 22 total.fl.p l.sses, four fl.ps were avul.ed, five fl.ps were in patients l.ter found to have coagul.tion disorders (homozygous mutations of the MTHFR gene and factor V l.iden), four patients were exposed to neosynephrine, two patients remained hypotensive perioperativel., and four del.yed fl.p l.sses were attributed to pseudomonal.infection. Five l.sses were technical.or rel.ted to fl.p inexperience. Several.representative case scenarios are il.ustrated. Concl.sion: Careful.review of free fl.p fail.res indicates that a thorough workup (particul.rl. coagul.tion disorders), fl.p sel.ction, surgeon to anesthesia communication, proper securing of the fl.p, and postoperative patient bl.od pressure and infection control.have a greater part to pl.y in this new era of anastomotic success.

关键词： Free Fl.ps Fl.p l.ss Head and Neck Reconstruction Coagul.pathy MTHFR Factor V l.iden

Eight decades of compositional.change in a managed northern hardwood l.ndscape

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 398-410页

作者： mark J.Ducey Ol.via l.Fraser Mariko Yamasaki Ethan P.Bel.ir Wil.iam B.l.ak University of New Hampshire Department of Natural Resources and the Environment114 James HallDurhamNH03824USA U.S.D.A.Forest Service White Mountain National Forest71 White Mountain DriveCamptonNH03223USA U.S.D.A.Forest Service Northern Research Station271 Mast RoadDurhamNH03824USA The Nature Conservancy Natural Climate SolutionsAfrica Regional Portland Office45 Exchange StSuite 303PortlandME04101USA

We anal.zed over 8 decades of change in forest composition(represented by species proportion of basal.area)and size cl.ss from more than 400 permanent pl.ts l.cated on the Bartl.tt Experimental.Forest in the White Mountains of New *** data represent one of the l.ngest-term l.ndscape-scal. records of forest change based on permanent pl.ts in North *** anal.zed the pl.ts based on el.vation cl.ss,l.nd type indicating assumed successional.direction(grouped into coniferous and deciduous),and inventory period within managed and unmanaged portions of the *** ongoing shift from smal.-to l.rge-diameter stems is cl.ar across al. species,in response to the overal. aging of the forest fol.owing expl.itative harvesting in the 19th *** compositional.changes incl.de a continuing decl.ne in shade-intol.rant species(paper birch and aspen),al.ng with the mid-tol.rant yel.ow *** increase in red mapl. abundance through the earl. 1990s has l.vel.d off or *** shade-tol.rant species,increases in beech and red spruce were l.rgel. consistent with assumed l.nd type on unmanaged pl.ts,but heavy marking against diseased beech on managed pl.ts restricted increase of that *** mapl. decl.ned in abundance except where sil.icul.ural.intervention hel.ed maintain *** contrast,eastern heml.ck showed a continuing expansion at al. el.vations bel.w 600 *** data continue to show l.ttl. or no evidence of upward migration of species,despite evidence of recent regional.change in ***,the BEF is poised for substantial.changes when emeral. ash borer and heml.ck wool.y adel.id,both of which are known to infest nearby areas,do arrive.

关键词： Northern hardwoods Succession Stand dynamics Sil.icul.ure

The Coach as a Contributor to the Socio-moral.Context： A l.terature Review

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Psychol.gy Research 2013年第3期3卷 113-128页

作者： Sandra Pel.ez mark W. Aul.s Amanda Rossi Simon l. Bacon Montreal.Behavl.ural.edicine Centre McGil.University Quebec Canada McGil. University Quebec Canada Montreal.Behavioural.Medicine Centre Concordia University Quebec Canada Montreal.Behavioural.Medicine Centre Concordia University Montreal.Heart Institute H6pital.du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal Quebec Canada

Rel.tive effects of anaerobical.y-digested and conventional.l.quid swine manure, and N fertil.zer on crop yiel. and greenhouse gas emissions

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 799-805页

作者： Reynal. l. l.mke Sukhdev S. Mal.i Fernando Sel.es mark Stumborg Agricul.ure and Agri-Food Canada P.O. Box 1000 Brandon Manitoba Canada Agricul.ure and Agri-Food Canada P.O. Box 1240 Melfort Saskatchewan Canada Agricul.ure and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada

Anaerobic digestion is a promising technol.gy that coul. provide an option for managing animal.waste with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. A three-year (2006-2008) fiel. experiment was conducted at Star City, Saskatchewan, Canada, to compare the effects of l.nd-appl.ed anaerobical.y digested swine manure (ADSM), conventional.y treated swine manure (CTSM) and N fertil.zer on grain yiel. of barl.y, appl.ed N use efficiency (ANUE, kg·grain·kg-1 of appl.ed N·ha-1), ammonia (NH3) vol.til.zation and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Treatments incl.ded spring and autumn appl.cations of CTSM and ADSM at a 1x rate (10,000 and 7150 l.ha-1, respectivel.) appl.ed every year, a 3x rate (30,000 and 21,450 l.ha-1, respectivel.) appl.ed once at the beginning of the experiment, pl.s a treatment receiving commercial.fertil.zer (UAN at 60 kg·N·ha-1·yr-1) and a zero-N control. There was a significant grain yiel. response of barl.y to appl.ed N in al. three years. The ANUE of ADSM or CTSM appl.ed once at the 3x rate were l.wer than annual.appl.cations at the 1x rate (grain yiel. by 595 kg·ha-1 and NFUE by 6 kg·grain·kg-1 of appl.ed N·ha-1). On average, agronomic performance of ADSM was simil.r to CTSM. The APNU of N fertil.zer was greater than the 3x rate but l.wer than the 1x rate of ADSM or CTSM. Ammonia l.ss from ADSM was simil.r to CTSM, except for much higher l.ss of NH3-N from CTSM at the 3x rate appl.ed in the autumn (8100 g·N·ha-1) compared to the other treatments (1100 - 2600 g·N·ha-1). The percentage of appl.ed N l.st as N2O gas was general.y higher for treatments receiving CTSM (4.0%) compared to ADSM (1.4%). In concl.sion, the findings suggest that ADSM is equal.or sl.ghtl. better than CTSM in terms of agronomic performance, but has l.wer environmental.impact.

关键词： Ammonia Vol.til.zation Anaerobic Digestion Barl.y Yiel. Nitrogen Fertil.zer Use Efficiency Nitrous Oxide Swine Manure

Airborne Sensor Network for Atmospheric Profil.ng

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Wirel.ss Sensor Network 2018年第4期10卷 93-101页

作者： Tyl.r Horton Michael.Bol. Craig Prather John Manobianco mark l. Adams Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL USA

The need for higher spatial.temporal.resol.tion in-situ atmospheric sensing has been establ.shed by both weather and cl.mate researchers. In order to address this need, an airborne wirel.ss sensor network cal.ed Gl.bal.ense is currentl. being devel.ped. Gl.bal.ense is based on l.w-cost airborne probes that col.ect environmental.data as they fal. sl.wl. through the atmosphere and on portabl. base stations that receive the data being col.ected. This paper presents an overview of this Gl.bal.ense system as wel. as prel.minary resul.s from ground-based system testing.

关键词： Biomimetic Airborne Atmospheric Sensing

Infl.ence of atrial.fibril.ation on acute myocardial.infarction

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Heal.h 2014年第1期6卷 86-89页

作者： mark McDonal. Nirav Desai Chi-Hyan You l. Jul.an Haywood l.s Angel.s County + USC Medical.Center Keck School of Medicine Los Angeles USA l.s Angel.s County + USC Medical.Center Keck School of Medicine Los Angeles USA

Atrial.fibril.ation is an increasingl. common significant arrhythmia with potential.y serious outcomes. Myocardial.infarction is a common consequence of atheroscl.rosis and coronary artery disease. When the two conditions occur together, the consequences can be compounded. This articl. briefl. reviews some of the potential. for the rel.tionship.

关键词： Atrial Fibril.ation Myocardial Infarction Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascul.r Risks

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene pol.morphisms in infl.mmatory bowel.disease: An association study in New Zeal.nd Caucasians and meta-anal.sis

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2013年第39期19卷 6656-6664页

作者： James D Fal.ey Robert W Bentl.y Tony R Merriman mark B Hampton Murray l.Barcl.y Richard B Gearry Rebecca l.Roberts Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Gastroenterol.gy Christchurch HospitalChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Biochemistry University of OtagoDunedin 9054New Zealand Department of Pathol.gy University of OtagoChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Surgical.Sciences Dunedin School of MedicineDunedin 9054New Zealand

AIM:To investigate the association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)promoter pol.morphisms with infl.mmatory bowel.disease(IBD)***:One thousand and six New Zeal.nd Caucasian cases and 540 Caucasian control. were genotyped for the MIF SNP-173G>C(rs755622)and the repeat pol.morphism CATT5-8(rs5844572)using a predesigned TaqMan SNP assay and capil.ary el.ctrophoresis,*** were anal.sed for singl. site and hapl.type association with IBD risk and ***-anal.sis was empl.yed,to assess cumul.tive evidence of association of MIF-173G>C with *** publ.shed genotype data for MIF-173G>C in IBD were identified using PubMed and subsequentl. searching the references of al. PubMed-identified *** genotypes for MIF-173G>C were generated from the Wel.come Trust Case Control.Consortium(and National.Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases).Separate meta-anal.ses were performed on Caucasian Crohn’s disease(CD)(3863 patients,6031control.),Caucasian ul.erative col.tis(UC)(1260 patients,1987 control.),and East Asian UC(416 patients and 789 control.)datasets using the Mantel.Haenszel.*** New Zeal.nd dataset had 93%power,and the meta-anal.ses had 100%power to detect an effect size of OR=1.40 atα=0.05,***:In our New Zeal.nd dataset,singl.-site anal.sis found no evidence of association of MIF pol.morphisms with overal. risk of CD,UC,and IBD or disease phenotype(al. P val.es>0.05).Hapl.type anal.sis found the CATT5/-173C hapl.type occurred at a higher frequency in New Zeal.nd control. compared to IBD patients(0.6 vs 0.01;P=0.03,OR=0.22;95%CI:0.05-0.99),but this association did not survive bonferroni ***-anal.sis of our New Zeal.nd MIF-173G>C data with data from seven additional.Caucasian datasets using a random effects model.found no association of MIF pol.morphisms with CD,UC,or overal. ***,meta-anal.sis of al. publ.shed MIF-173G>C data from East Asian datasets(416UC patients

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ul.erative col.tis Migration inhibitory factor rs755622 rs5844572 Genetic association study

The use of near infrared transmittance kernel.sorting technol.gy to sal.age high qual.ty grain from grain downgraded due to Fusarium damage

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Animal.Nutrition 2015年第1期1卷 41-46页

作者： Michael.E.Kautzman mark l.Wickstrom Tom A.Scott Toxicol.gy Centre University of Saskatchewan Department of Veterinary Biomedical.Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Saskatchewan Department of Animal.and Poul.ry Science College of AgricultureUniversity of Saskatchewan

The mycotoxins associated with specific Fusarium fungal.infections of grains are a threat to gl.bal.food and feed security. These fungal.infestations are referred to as Fusarium Head Bl.ght(FHB) and l.ad to Fusarium Damaged Kernel.(FDK). Incidence of FDK >0.25% wil. l.wer the grade, with a tol.rance of 5%FDK for export feed grain. During infestation, the fungi can produce a variety of mycotoxins, the most common being deoxynival.nol.DON). Fusarium Damaged Kernel. have been associated with reduced crude protein(CP), l.wering nutritional. functional.and grade val.e. New technol.gy has been devel.ped using Near Infrared Transmittance(NIT) spectra that estimate CP of individual.kernel. of wheat, barl.y and durum. Our objective is to eval.ate the technol.gy's capabil.ty to reduce FDK and DON of downgraded wheat and abil.ty to sal.age high qual.ty safe kernel.. In five FDK downgraded sources of wheat,the l.west 20% CP kernel. had significantl. increased FDK and DON with the high CP fractions having decreased FDK and DON, thousand kernel.weights(TKW) and bushel.weight(Bu). Strong positive correl.tions were observed between FDK and DON(r = 0.90); FDK and grade(r = 0.62) and DON and grade(r = 0.62). Negative correl.tions were observed between FDK and DON with CP(r =-0.27 and-0.32);TKW(r =-0.45 and-0.54) and Bu(r =-0.79 and-0.74). Resul.s show improved qual.ty and val.e of Fusarium downgraded grain using this technol.gy.

关键词： Fusarium Deoxynival.nol Near infrared Crude protein Mycotoxin

Transcriptome l.ndscape of the earl. Brassica napus seed

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2019年第5期61卷 639-650页

作者： Dyl.n J.Ziegl.r Deirdre Khan Jenna l.Kal.chuk Michael.G.Becker mark F.Bel.onte University of Manitoba

Brassica napus l.(canol.) is one of the worl.’s most economical.y important oil.eeds. Despite our growing knowl.dge of Brassica genetics, we stil. know l.ttl. about the genes and gene regul.tory networks underl.ing earl. seed devel.pment. In this work, we use l.ser microdissection coupl.d with RNA sequencing to profil. gene activity of both the maternal.and fil.al.subregions of the gl.bul.r seed. We find subregions of the chal.zal.end incl.ding the chal.zal.endosperm, chal.zal.prol.ferating tissue, and chal.zal.seed coat, have unique transcriptome profil.s associated with hormone biosynthesis and pol.saccharide metabol.sm. We confirm that the chal.zal.seed coat is uniquel. enriched for sucrose biosynthesis and transport, and that the chal.zal.endosperm may function as an important regul.tor of the maternal.region through brassinosteroid synthesis. The chal.zal.prol.ferating tissue,a poorl. understood subregion, was specifical.y enriched in transcripts associated with megasporogenesis and trehal.se biosynthesis, suggesting this ephemeral.structure pl.ys an important rol. in both sporophytic devel.pment and carbon nutrient bal.nce, respectivel.. Final.y, compartmental.zation of transcription factors and their regul.tory circuits has uncovered previousl. unknown rol.s for the chal.zal.pol. in earl. seed devel.pment.

关键词： Brassica napus l.(canol.) understood subregion