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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

CFD aided investigation of single droplet coalescence

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 249-252页

作者： Felix Gebauer mark W.Hlawitschka hans-Jorg Bart Chair of Separation Science and Technology University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany Center for Computational and Mathematical Modelling(CIVY) University of KaiserslauternKaisersloutern 67653Germany

This article describes the development of a coalescence model using various CFD work packages,and is validated using as toluene water model *** studies were performed to describe droplet interactions in liquid–liquid test *** models use adjustable parameters to describe these *** research in the past decades led to different correlations to model coalescence and breakage depending on the chemical system and the apparatus *** the complexity of droplet coalescence requires a detailed investigation of local phenomena during the droplet *** fluid dynamics(CFD) studies of single droplet interactions were performed and validated with experimental results to improve the understanding of the local hydrodynamics and film drainage during *** CFD simulations were performed for the interaction of two differently sized droplets at industrial relevant impact *** experimental verification and validation of the numerical results were done with standardized high-speed imaging studies by using a special test cell with a pendant and a free rising *** experimental based algorithm was implemented in the open source code OpenF OAM to account for the contact time and the dimple *** standard European Federation of Chemical Engineering(EFCE) test system toluene/water was used for the numerical studies and the experimental investigations as *** results of the CFD simulations are in good accordance with the observed coalescence behavior in the experimental *** addition,a detailed description of local phenomena,like film rupture,velocity gradients,pressures and micro-droplet entrainment could be obtained.

关键词： CFD Parameter estimation Coalescence Film drainage

CFD based extraction column design-Chances and challenges

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 259-263页

作者： mark W.Hlawitschka Menwer M.Attarakilh Samer S.Alzyod hans-Jorg Bart Chair of Separation Science and Technology POB 3049TU KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany Center for Computational and Mathematical Modelling(CM2) TU KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany University of Jordan Department of Chemical Engineering11942 AmmanJordan

This paper shows that one-dimensional （I-D） [and three-dimensional （3-D） computational fluid dynamics （CFD）] simulations can replace the state-of-the-art usage of pseudo-homogeneous dispersion or back mixing models. This is based on standardized lab-scale cell experiments for the determination of droplet rise, breakage, coalescence and mass transfer parameters in addition to a limited number of additional mini-plant experiments with original fluids. Alternatively, the hydrodynamic parameters can also be derived using more sophisticated 3- D CFD simulations. Computational 1-D modeling served as a basis to replace pilot-plant experiments in any column geometry. The combination of 3-D CFD simulations with droplet population balance models （DPBM） increased the accuracy of the hydrodynamic simulations and gave information about the local droplet size. The high computational costs can be reduced by open source CFD codes when using a flexible mesh generation. First combined simulations using a three way coupled CFD/DPBM/mass-transfer solver pave the way for a safer design of industrial-sized columns, where no correlations are available.

关键词： CFD DPBM Column design

Microtubule affinity regulating kinase(mark/Par1)isoforms differentially regulate Alzheimer-like TAU missorting and Aβ-mediated synapse pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 335-336页

作者： Jana Chudobová hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany

Importance of TAU protein for dementia syndromes:Dementia currently affects about 55 million people worldwide,with Alzheimer's disease(AD)being the most prevalent *** one crucial pathological hallmark of AD that correlates best with loss of synapses and cognitive decline are the so-called intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of mislocalized/missorted and hyperphosphorylated TAU protein(Naseri et al.,2019).Many other neurodegenerative diseases,both genetic and nongenetic,are characterized by neurofibrillary ta ngles or pathological accumulation of the protein TAU and are thus termed"tauopathies".

关键词： Alzheimer diseases

光学相干断层成像技术诊断深Ⅱ度烧伤创面实验研究

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中华烧伤杂志 2010年第4期26卷 272-275页

作者：刘淑华谢卫国 Mathias Kremer hans guenther Machens Eva Maria Lankenau Gereon Huettmann 武汉市第三医院暨武汉大学同仁医院烧伤研究所 430060 Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery Burn Care Center U KSH Campus Lubeck Germany Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. Rechts der lsar HospitalMunich Germay Institute of Biomedical Optics UKSH Campus Lubeck Germany

目的评估光学相干断层成像技术（OCT）在诊断烧伤创面深度方面的应用价值.方法应用自制的小鼠蒸气烫伤装置,制作Skh-1小鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,分别于伤后3 h、3 d和8 d以OCT扫描创面行动态检测,同步采集创面组织行组织病理学检查;同时扫... 详细信息

目的评估光学相干断层成像技术（OCT）在诊断烧伤创面深度方面的应用价值.方法应用自制的小鼠蒸气烫伤装置,制作Skh-1小鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,分别于伤后3 h、3 d和8 d以OCT扫描创面行动态检测,同步采集创面组织行组织病理学检查;同时扫描小鼠正常部位皮肤并行组织病理学检查. 结果蒸气烫伤小鼠皮肤真皮胶原降解,与其正常部位皮肤相比,在OCT扫描检测中表现为双折射光信号的丢失或减弱,其变化强度与创面病变过程相关,且与组织病理学切片结果一致. 结论 OCT作为无创的创面检测技术,可用于烧伤创面动态检测.

关键词：烧伤光学相干断层成像技术深Ⅱ度创面

A Credit System to Solve Agricultural Nitrogen Pollution

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The Innovation 2021年第1期2卷 1-2页

作者： Baojing Gu hans J.M.van Grinsven Shu KeeLam Oene Oenema mark A.Sutton Arvin Mosier Deli Chen College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058PR China Policy Simulation Laboratory Zhejiang University310058 HangzhouChina Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency(PBL) Postbus 30314The Netherlands School of Agriculture and Food The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010 Australia Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 476700 AAWageningenThe Netherlands NERC Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikEH260QBUK

Increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer have been used in agriculture during the last decades to boost food production for the increasing global human *** marked increase in reactive nitrogen use has also contributed to severe nitrogen pollution and multiple impacts on human and ecosystems'health.1 Nitrogen is an important precursor to air pollution(e.g.,fine particulate matter,near-surface ozone),water pollution(algal blooms,nitrate contamination),biodiversity loss(nitrogen deposition and eutrophication),soil acidification(ammonium fertilizer use),and global warming(nitrous oxide).2 Agricultural nitrogen pollution has decreased in some high-income countries,such as those in the European Union(EU),during the last decades,but the remaining nitrogen pollution still causes serious *** societal cost of nitrogen pollution by agriculture in the EU has been estimated to range from V35 to V230 billion per year and this cost appears to be greater than the farm profits from nitrogen fertilizer use,which range from V20 to V80 billion per year.3 Socioeconomic trade-offs between farmers and society need to be introduced to decrease nitrogen pollution.

关键词： pollution cost income

Tissue-specific Gene Expression Changes Are Associated with Aging in Mice

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2020年第4期18卷 430-442页

作者： Akash Srivastava Emanuel Barth Maria A.Ermolaeva Madlen guenther Christiane Frahm Manja Marz Otto W.Witte hans-Berger Department of Neurology University Hospital JenaFriedrich Schiller University Jena07747 JenaGermany Bioinformatics/High Throughput Analysis Friedrich Schiller University Jena07743 JenaGermany FLI Leibniz Institute for Age Research 07745 JenaGermany

Aging is a complex process that can be characterized by functional and cognitive decline in an individual. Aging can be assessed based on the functional capacity of vital organs and their intricate interactions with one another. Thus, the nature of aging can be described by focusing on a specific organ and an individual itself. However, to fully understand the complexity of aging,one must investigate not only a single tissue or biological process but also its complex interplay and interdependencies with other biological processes. Here, using RNA-seq, we monitored changes in the transcriptome during aging in four tissues(including brain, blood, skin and liver) in mice at9 months, 15 months, and 24 months, with a final evaluation at the very old age of 30 *** identified several genes and processes that were differentially regulated during aging in both tissue-dependent and tissue-independent manners. Most importantly, we found that the electron transport chain(ETC) of mitochondria was similarly affected at the transcriptome level in the four tissues during the aging process. We also identified the liver as the tissue showing the largest variety of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) over time. Lcn2(Lipocalin-2) was found to be similarly regulated among all tissues, and its effect on longevity and survival was validated using its orthologue in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our study demonstrated that the molecular processes of aging are relatively subtle in their progress, and the aging process of every tissue depends on the tissue’s specialized function and environment. Hence, individual gene or process alone cannot be described as the key of aging in the whole organism.

关键词： Aging RNA-seq analysis Inflammaging Electron transport chain Tissue aging

HAX1 deletion impairs BCR internalization and leads to delayed BCR-mediated apoptosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第4期13卷 451-461页

作者： Susanne Wolkerstorfer Elisabeth Schwaiger mark Rinnerthaler Iris Karina Gratz Thomas Zoegg hans Brandstetter Gertrude Achatz-Straussberger Department of Molecular Biology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Department of Cell Biology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Department of Dermatology University of California San Francisco CA USA Department of Dermatology Division of Molecular Dermatology and EB House Austria Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria.

Deletion of HAX1 in mice causes a severe reduction in the numbers of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and in the spleen. Additionally, B220＋ B progenitor cells in the bone marrow are reduced, suggesting an important function of HAX1 in B cell development. HAX1 is thought to play a protective role in apoptotic processes; therefore, we investigated the role of HAX1 in bone marrow B progenitor cells and splenic B cells. We did not observe an effect on the survival of Hax1-/- bone marrow cells but detected enhanced survival of splenic Hax1-/- B cells upon in vitro starvation/ growth-factor withdrawal. To explain this apparent inconsistency with previous reports of HAX1 function, we also studied the B cell receptor （BCR）-induced apoptosis of IgM-stimulated splenic naive B cells and found that apoptosis decreased in these cells. We further found impaired internalization of the BCR from Hax1-/- splenic B cells after IgM crosslinking; this impaired internalization may result in decreased BCR signaling and, consequently, decreased BCR-mediated apoptosis. We measured HAX1 binding to the cytoplasmic domains of different Ig subtypes and identified KVKWI（V）F as the putative binding motif for HAX1 within the cytoplasmic domains. Because this motif can be found in almost all Ig subtypes, it is likely that HAX1 plays a general role in BCR-mediated internalization events and BCR-mediated apoptosis.

关键词： viability apoptosis internalization BCR surface plasmon resonance analysis (SPRA) wild type (WT) B cellreceptor (BCR) co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) room temperature (RT) annexin V(A) eFluor (eF)

Testicular expression of survivin and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)associated with spermatogenic function in infertile patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 95-100页

作者： Steffen Weikert Frank Christoph Wolfgang Schulze hans Krause Carsten Kempkensteffen Martin Schostak Kurt Miller mark Schrader Department of Urology Charité-Universittsmedizin BerlinCampus B.FranklinD-12200 BerlinGermany Department of Andrology University of HamburgD-20246 HamburgGermany

Aim： To characterize the coexpression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis （IAF）, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） in human testes with varying spermatogenic function. Methods： Transcript levels of survivin mRNA and hTERT mRNA were determined in normal testes （n = 11） and testes with defective spermatogenesis （n = 28） using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The histological work-up was performed according to a modified Johnsen score. Results： Expressions of both survivin and hTERT were highest at median levels of 96.8 and 709 in normal spermatogenesis and dropped to 53.3 and 534 in testes with postmeiotic spermatogenic arrest （n = 10）. In severe spermatogenic failure （n = 18）, survivin expression was lacking in most specimens （n = 16）, whereas at least low levels of testicular hTERT expression were largely detectable with a normalized expression of 73 in premeiotic spermatogenic arrest （n = 7） and 45 in patients with Sertoli cell-only syndrome （SCOS）（n = 3）. Both survivin and hTERT expressions increased with a progressing Johnsen score （P for trend = 0.001）. Conclusion： Although both survivin and hTERT are correlated with spermatogenic function, they show different expression patterns in testes of infertile patients. These findings substantiate results from studies in the rodent testis suggesting a predominant expression of survivin in meiotically dividing germ cells. （Asian J Andro12006 Jan; 8： 95-100）

关键词： survivin human telomerase reverse transcriptase apoptosis azoospermia male infertility spermatogenesis