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PARALLEL ADAPtIVE SIMULAtION OF A PLUNGING LIQUID JEt

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第2期30卷 522-538页

作者： Azat Yu.Galimov Onkar Sahni Richard t.Lahey Jr. mark S.Shephard Donald A.Drew Kenneth E.Jansen Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

this paper is concerned with three-dimensional numerical simulation of a plunging liquid jet. the transient processes of forming an air cavity around the jet, capturing an initially large air bubble, and the break-up of this large toroidal-shaped bubble into smaller bubbles were analyzed. A stabilized finite element method （FEM） was employed under parallel numerical simulations based on adaptive, unstructured grid and coupled with a level-set method to track the interface between air and liquid. these simulations show that the inertia of the liquid jet initially depresses the pool＇s surface, forming an annular air cavity which surrounds the liquid jet. A toroidal liquid eddy which is subse- quently formed in the liquid pool results in air cavity collapse, and in turn entrains air into the liquid pool from the unstable annular air gap region around the liquid jet.

关键词： plunging liquid jet air entrainment two-phase flows level set method parallel adaptive simulation

An assessment of interspecific competition between two introduced parasitoids of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)on caged citrus plants

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 119-127页

作者： Meghan A.Vankosky mark S.Hoddle Department of Entomology University of CalifomiaRiversideCalifomiaUSA Center for Invasive Species Research University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA

two parasitoids attacking nymphs of Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera:Liviidae),tamarixia radiata (Waterston)(Hymenoptera:Eulophi- dae)and Diaphoreneyrtus aligarhensis (Shafee,Alam &Agarwal)(Hymenoptera:Encyrtidae)are being released in California,USA in a classical biological control program. to evaluate the effect of multiple parasitoid species on *** mortality,we conducted mesocosm experiments under controlled conditions using a complete block design with 6 treatments (*** nymphs exposed to:no parasitoids;*** or *** alone;*** or *** released first (by 48 h);and both species released simultaneously).Parasitism of *** nymphs by *** exceeded 60%and was unchanged when *** were *** by *** was greatest when t. radiata was absent (-28%)and was reduced in all treatments with *** present (tality and parasitoid-related mortality *** was consistent across parasitoid *** results suggest that competition between *** and *** is asymmetric and favors *** may be difficult for *** to contribute significantly to *** biological control where *** is ***, results reported here suggest that competition between *** and *** is not likely to reduce parasitism by *** or reduce parasitoid-induced mortality of ***.

关键词： Asian citrus psyllid classical biological control competition Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis tamarixia radiata

NOS3 tunes the beta-adrenergic response and prevents triggered arrhythmias

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NOS3 tunes the beta-adrenergic response and prevents trigger...

the mating system of the true fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni and its sister species, Bactrocera neohumeralis

中国药理学会药学监护专业委员会第二届第二次国际学术研讨会

作者： mark t Ziolo the Ohio State University

A key function of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(NOS3) signaling is to regulate the ventricular myocyte’s contractile response to beta-adrenergic(B-AR) stimulation. that is,NOS3 specifically decreases Ca2+ influx ...

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 478-490页

作者： Wasala M. t. D. Ekanayake Mudalige S. H. Jayasundara thelma Peek Anthony R. Clarke mark K. Schutze School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bdsbane Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Ecosciences Precinct Dutton Park Queensland Plant Biosecudty Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia

the frugivorous ＂true＂ fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni （Queensland fruit fly）, is presumed to have a nonresourced-based lek mating system. this is largely untested, and contrary data exists to suggest Bactrocera tryoni may have a resource-based mating system focused on fruiting host plants. We tested the mating system ofBactrocera tryoni, and its close sibling Bactrocera neohumeralis, in large field cages using laboratory reared flies. We used observational experiments that allowed us to determine if：（i） mating pairs were aggregated or nonaggregated; （ii） mating system was resource or nonresource based; （iii） flies utilized possible landmarks （tall trees over short） as mate-rendezvous sites; and （iv） males called females from male-dominated leks. We recorded nearly 250 Bactrocera tryoni mating pairs across all experiments, revealing that：（i） mating pairs were aggregated; （ii） mating nearly always occurred in tall trees over short; （iii） mating was nonresource based; and （iv） that males and females arrived at the mate-rendezvous site together with no evidence that males preceded females. Bactrocera neohumeralis copulations were much more infrequent （only 30 mating pairs in total）, but for those pairs there was a similar preference for tall trees and no evidence of a resource-based mating system. Some aspects of Bactrocera tryoni mating behavior align with theoretical expectations of a lekking system, but others do not. Until evidence for unequivocal female choice can be provided （as predicted under a true lek）, the mating system ofBactrocera tryoni is best described as a nonresource based, aggregation system for which we also have evidence that land-marking may be involved.

关键词： aggregation Bactrocera tryoni Dacinae leks nonresourced mating system tephritidae

Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1117-1130页

作者： Joshua t.Padilla Donald W.Watts Jeffrey M.Novak Vasile Cerven James A.Ippolito Ariel A.Szogi mark G.Johnson United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCoastal Plains SoilWater and Plant Research CenterFlorenceSC 29501USA School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment United States Environmental Protection AgencyCorvallisOR 97331USA

Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus(P)are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural *** litter(PL)is an abundant biochar ***,PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P *** study investigated the effect of magnesium(Mg)activation on extractable P(EP)and P sorption capacities of PL-derived *** was produced at 500-900℃ from PL activated with 0-1 M *** differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated(1-,3-5-,and 7-9-year-old).Increased Mg activation level and pyrolysis temperature both resulted in EP reductions from the ***,biochars produced at temperatures≥700℃ from PL activated with≥0.25 M Mg had negligible EP.X-ray diffractograms indicated that increased Mg loading favored the formation of stable Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) phases while increasing temperature favored the formation of both Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)*** P sorption capacities(Pmax)of the biochars were estimated by fitting Langmuir isotherms to batch sorption data and ranged from 0.66-10.35 mg g^(−1).Average Pmax values were not affected by PL age or pyrolysis temperature;however,biochars produced from 1 M Mg-activated PL did have significantly higher average Pmax values(pto a greater abundance of ***,the results demonstrated that Mg activation is an effective strategy for producing PLderived biochars with the potential ability to reduce P loading into environmentally sensitive ecosystems.

关键词： sorption activation pyrolysis

Root-Specific transcript Profiling of Contrasting Rice Genotypes in Response to Salinity Stress

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 25-41页

作者： Olivier Cotsaftis Darren Plett Alexander A.t. Johnson Harkamal Walia Clyde Wilson Abdelbagi M. Ismail timothy J. Close mark tester Ute Baumann Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics Private Mail Bag 1 Glen Osmond SA 5064 Australia Present address: School of Botany University of Melbourne Parkville Vic 3010 Australia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588 USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service George E. Brown Jr Salinity Laboratory Riverside CA 92507 USA International Rice Research Institute Manila The Philippines

Elevated salinity imposes osmotic and ion toxicity stresses on living cells and requires a multitude of responses in order to enable plant survival. Building on earlier work profiling transcript levels in rice （Oryza sativa） shoots of FL478, a salt-tolerant indica recombinant inbred line, and IR29, a salt-sensitive cultivar, transcript levels were compared in roots of these two accessions as well as in the roots of two additional salt-tolerant indica genotypes, the landrace Pokkali and the recombinant inbred line IR63731. the aim of this study was to compare transcripts in the sensitive and the tolerant lines in order to identify genes likely to be involved in plant salinity tolerance, rather than in responses to salinity perse. transcript profiles of several gene families with known links to salinity tolerance are described （e.g. HKts, NHXs）. the putative function of a set of genes identified through their salt responsiveness, transcript levels, and/or chro- mosomal location （i.e. underneath QtLs for salinity tolerance） is also discussed. Finally, the parental origin of the Saltol region in FL478 is further investigated. Overall, the dataset presented appears to be robust and it seems likely that this system could provide a reliable strategy for the discovery of novel genes involved in salinity tolerance.

关键词： Rice root salinity tolerance microarray HKt Saltol.

Speed of thought and Speed of Feet:Examining Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise and Physical Performance in an English Football Academy

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 88-97页

作者： Adam L.Kelly mark R.Wilson Daniel t.Jackson Jennifer turnnidge Craig A.Williams Faculty of Health Education and Life SciencesBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre and the College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterSt Luke’s CampusHeavitree RoadExeter EX12LUDevonUK Exeter City Football Club ExeterDevonUK School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

the world's greatest professional football players are able to execute effective tactical decisions as well as fulfil various physical ***,the degree to which both are associated with greater potential in a football academy is ***,the aim of this study was to investigate decision-making skill and physical performance as contributing factors to coach potential rankings in an English football ***-eight outfield academy players(Foundation Development Phase[FDP]under-9 to under-11 n=40;Youth Development Phase[YDP]under-12 to under-16 n=58)participated in the *** engaged in 45 film-based simulations at two occlusion phases(e.g.,the visual display is cut-off at a precise time during an action),firstly"during"and secondly"post"execution,to examine decision-making *** also completed four fitness tests to examine physical performance.A classification of"higher-potentials"(top third)and"lower-potentials"(bottom third)were applied through coach *** t-tests compared the decision-making and physical performance ***-potentials made significantly more accurate decisions within the"post"phase within the FDP(Pthe"during"phase within the YDP(Ptionally,higher-potentials were significantly faster for the 0-30 m sprint in both the FDP and YDP(Pth higher-potentials within the YDP also significantly faster in the 0-10 m sprint(Ptly higher in the countermovement jump(Pthese findings indicated that greater football potential may be associated with superior perceptual-cognitive expertise and quicker sprint ability in both academy age phases,with a greater discriminatory function within the older cohort.

关键词： Decision-making Sprint ability Fitness testing Academy football talent identification talent development

Impact of Long-range Desert Dust transport on Hydrometeor Formation over Coastal East Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第1期34卷 101-115页

作者： Zhenxi ZHANG Wen ZHOU mark WENIG Liangui YANG Research Institute of Fluid Dynamics School of Mathematic ScienceInner Mongolia University Department of Environmental Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Meteorologisches Institut Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt

Model simulations and hydrological reanalysis data for 2007 are applied to investigate the impact of long-range desert dust transport on hydrometeor formation over coastal East Asia. Results are analyzed from Hong Kong and Shanghai, which are two representative coastal cities of East Asia. Long-range desert dust transport impacts mainly spring and summer clouds and precipitation over coastal East Asia. In spring, clouds and precipitation come mainly from large-scale condensation and are impacted mainly by dust from the Gobi, Sahara, and thar deserts. these desert dusts can participate in the precipitation within and below the clouds. At lower latitudes, the dust particles act mainly as water nuclei. At higher latitudes, they act as both water nuclei and ice nuclei. the effect of Gobi, Sahara, and thar dust on large-scale clouds and precipitation becomes stronger at higher latitudes. In summer, clouds and precipitation over coastal East Asia come mainly from convection and are impacted mainly by dust from the taklamakan, Arabian, and Karakum-Kavir deserts. Most taklamakan dust particles can participate in precipitation within convective clouds as ice nuclei, while Arabian and Karakum-Kavir dust particles participate only as water nuclei in precipitation below the clouds. the effect of taklamakan dust on convective clouds and precipitation becomes stronger at lower latitudes. Of all the desert dusts, that from the Gobi and taklamakan deserts has the relatively largest impact. Gobi dust impacts climate change in coastal East Asia by affecting spring water clouds at higher latitudes.

关键词： dust transport condensation nuclei hydrometeor East Asia

Mineral Chemistry and Crystallization Conditions of the Late Cretaceous Mamba Pluton from the Eastern Gangdese, Southern tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第4期27卷 545-570页

作者： Xiaowei Li Xuanxue Mo mark Scheltens Qi Guan State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of Geosciences School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University College of Resources Hebei GEO University

the Late Cretaceous Mamba granodiorite belongs to a part of the Mesozoic Gangdese continental magmatic belt. No quantitative mineralogical study has been made hitherto, and hence the depth at which it formed is poorly constrained. Here we present mineralogical data for the Mamba pluton, including host rocks and their mafic microgranular enclaves（MMEs）, to provide insights into their overall crystallization conditions and information about magma mixing. All amphiboles in the Mamba pluton are calcic, with ~B（Ca＋Na）〉1.5, and Si=6.81-7.42 apfu for the host rocks and Si=6.77-7.35 apfu for the MMEs. the paramount cation substitutions in amphibole include edenite type and tschermakite type. Biotites both in the host rocks and the MMEs collectively have high Mg O（13.19 wt.%-13.03 wt.%） contents, but define a narrow range of Al apfu（atoms per formula unit） variations（2.44-2.57）. the oxygen fugacity estimates are based on the biotite compositions cluster around the NNO buffer. the calculated pressure ranges from 1.2 to 2.1 kbar according to the aluminum-in-hornblende barometer. the computed pressure varies from 0.9 to 1.3 kbar based on the aluminum-in-biotite barometer which corresponds to an average depth of ca. 3.9 km. Besides, the estimates of crystallization pressures vary from 0.8 to 1.4 kbar based on the amphibole barometer proposed by Ridolfi et al.（2010）, which can be equivalent to the depths ranging from 3.1 to 5.2 km. the MMEs have plagioclase oscillatory zonings and quartz aggregates, probably indicating the presence of magma mixing. Besides, core-to-rim element variations（Rb, Sr, Ba, and P） for the K-feldspar megacrysts serve as robust evidence to support magma mixing and crystal fractionation. this indicates the significance of the magma mixing that contributes to the formation of K-feldspar megacryst zonings in the Mamba pluton.

关键词： Mamba pluton Gangdese terrane MMEs K-feldspar megacrysts magma mixing P-tconditions oxygen fugacity in-situ trace element.