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Accuracy and safety of partial thickness femtosecond laser radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions in porcine eyes

Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 412-421页

作者： E.Valas Teuma Frank A.Bucci Jr Raman Bedi Gary Gray mark packer LENSAR Inc.OrlandoFLUSA Bucci Laser Vision Institute Wilkes-BarreWilkes‑BarrePAUSA IrisARC ChandigarhIndia packer Research Associates Inc.1400 Bluebell Ave.BoulderCO 80302USA

Background:To evaluate the accuracy and safety of micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions constructed by a femtosecond laser system with a curved contact patient interface in porcine eyes.Methods:Partial thickness micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions were constructed in porcine eyes with a femtosecond laser system and evaluated for precision of depth,quality,and consistency.Optical coherence tomography was used to determine the accuracy and precision of incision depth.Corneal endothelial safety was assessed by a fluorescent live/dead cell viability assay to demonstrate laser-induced endothelial cell loss.Quality was evaluated by ease of opening and examination of interfaces.Results:In two micro radial incision groups,intended incision depths of 50%and 80%resulted in mean achieved depths of 50.01%and 77.69%,respectively.In three arcuate incision groups,intended incision depths of 80%,600μm or 100μm residual uncut bed thickness resulted in mean achieved depths of 80.16%,603.03μm and residual bed of 115μm,respectively.No loss of endothelial cell density occurred when the residual corneal bed was maintained at a minimum of 85-116μm.The incisions were easy to open,and interfaces were smooth.Conclusions:A femtosecond laser system with curved contact interface created precise and reproducible micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions.Accuracy and precision of the incision depth and preservation of endothelial cell density demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of the system.

关键词： Partial thickness micro radial and arcuate keratotomy incisions Curved contact patient interface Micro radial keratotomy Arcuate keratotomy Femtosecond laser system with curved contact interface LENSAR femtosecond laser system

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Comment on “A case of hypermature cataract formation following implantation of an implantable collamer lens with an Aquaport”

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第1期12卷 178-178页

作者： mark packer mark packer MD Consulting Inc.

Dear Editor,With regard to the recent report published in your journal,"A case of hypermature cataract formationfollowing implantation of an implantable collamer lens with an Aquaport"[1]:the authors suggest that a case of early onset, rapidly progressive cataract following implantation of a posterior chamber phakic refractive lens with a central port (ICL EVO with KS-Aquaport,STAAR Surgical,Monrovia, CA,USA)was due to rapid or altered flow of aqueous fluid through a decentered Aquaport leading to an inflammatory reaction.

关键词： published in your journal progressive cataract following implantation

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The impact of hearing impairment and noise-induced hearing injury on quality of life in the active-duty military population:challenges to the study of this issue

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第3期31卷 153-161页

作者： Hasanat Alamgir Caryn A.Turner Nicole J.Wong Sharon P.Cooper Jose A.Betancourt James Henry Andrew J.Senchak Tanisha L.Hammill mark D.packer Deptartment of Health Policy and Management School of Health Sciences and PracticeNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNY 10595USA School of Public Health The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston7411 John Smith Drive Suite 1100 San AntonioTX 78229USA National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research 3710 SW US Veteran Hospital RoadPortlandOR 87239USA Walter Reed National Military Medical Center 8901 Wisconsin AveBethesdaMD 20814USA Department of Defense Hearing Center of Excellence 59MDW/SG02O2200 Bergqiust Drive Suite 1JBSA LacklandTX 78236USA.

The objectives of this review were to 1)summarize the available evidence on the impact of hearing loss on quality of life(QOL)among U.S.active-duty service members,2)describe the QOL instruments that have been used to quantify the impact of hearing loss on quality of life,3)examine national population-level secondary databases and report on their utility for studying the impact of hearing loss on QOL among active-duty service members,and 4)provide recommendations for future studies that seek to quantify the impact of hearing loss in this population.There is a lack of literature that addresses the intersection of hearing impairment,the military population,and quality of life measures.For audiological research,U.S.military personnel offer a unique research population,as they are exposed to noise levels and blast environments that are highly unusual in civilian work settings and can serve as a model population for studying the impact on QOL associated with these conditions.This review recommends conducting a study on the active-duty service member population using a measurement instrument suitable for determining decreases in QOL specifically due to hearing loss.

关键词： Quality of life(QOL) Hearing impairment Noise-induced hearing injury Hearing loss Tinnitus Hearing impairment and noise-induced hearing injury(HINIHI) Military Service members

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The impact of burning on lion Panthera leo habitat choice in an African savanna

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 335-339页

作者： Stephanie EBY Anna MOSSER Ali SWANSON Craig packer mark RITCHIE Department of Biology Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13210 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN 55108 USA Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N 1G 2W1

Carnivores play a central role in ecosystem processes by exerting top-down control, while fire exerts bottom-up control in ecosystems throughout the world, yet, little is known about how fire affects short-term carnivore distributions across the landscape. Through the use of a long-term data set we investigated the distribution of lions, during the daytime, in relation to burned areas in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. We found that lions avoid burned areas despite the fact that herbivores, their prey, are attracted to burned areas. Prey attraction, however, likely results from the reduction in cover caused by burning, that may thereby decrease lion hunting success. Lions also do not preferentially utilize the edges of burned areas over unburned areas despite the possibility that edges would combine the benefit of cover with proximity to abundant prey. Despite the fact that lions avoid burned areas, lion territory size and reproductive success were not affected by the proportion of the territory burned each year. Therefore, burning does not seem to reduce lion fitness perhaps because of the heterogeneity of burned areas across the landscape or because it is possible that when hunting at night lions visit burned areas despite their daytime avoidance of these areas.

关键词：栖息地选择狮子燃烧生态系统过程草原非洲动物分布国家公园

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Estimation of citrus canker lesion size using hyperspectral reflectance imaging

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 41-51页

作者： Nikhil P.Niphadkar Thomas F.Burks Jianwei Qin mark A.Ritenour ATW Automation Inc. DaytonOH 45402USA Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA U.S.Department of Agriculture BeltsvilleMD 20705USA Department of Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34945USA

The Citrus industry has need for effective approaches to remove fruit with canker before they are shipped to selective international market such as the European Union.This research aims to determine the detectable size limit for cankerous lesions using hyperspectral imaging approaches.Previously developed multispectral algorithms using visible to near-infrared wavelengths,were used to segregate cankerous citrus fruits from other peel conditions(normal,greasy spot,insect damage,melanose,scab and wind scar).However,this previous work did not consider lesion size.A two-band ratio method with a simple threshold based classifier(ratio of reflectance at wavelengths 834 nm and 729 nm),which gave maximum overall classification accuracy of 95.7%,was selected for lesion size estimation in this study.The smallest size of cankerous lesion detected in terms of equivalent diameter was 1.66 mm.The effect of variation of threshold values and number of erosion cycles(applying morphological erosion multiple times to the image)on estimation of smallest detectable lesion was observed.It was found that small threshold values gave better canker classification accuracies,while exhibiting a lower overall classification accuracy.Meanwhile,higher threshold values portrayed the opposite tendency.The threshold value of 1.275 gave the optimum tradeoff between canker classification accuracy,overall classification accuracy and minimal lesion size detection.Increasing the number of erosion cycles reduced detection rates of smaller canker lesions,leading to the conclusion that a single erosion cycle gave the best size estimation results.The erosion kernel of the size 3 mm×3 mm was used during the exploration.

关键词： citrus canker lesion size disease detection hyperspectral reflectance imaging image classification multispectral algorithm size detection limit

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