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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia n.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna mark n.quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CnRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance InRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”national Institute for Physics and nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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national assessment of Canadian pandemic preparedness: Employing InFlunet to identify high-risk areas for inter-wave vaccine distribution

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第3期2卷 341-352页

作者： Patrick Saunders-Hastings Bryson.quinn Hayes Robert Smith Daniel Krewski University of Ottawa McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment850 Peter Morand CrescentOttawaOntarioK1G 5Z3Canada University of Ottawa School of EpidemiologyPublic Healthand Preventive MedicineFaculty of Medicine451 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8M5Canada University of Ottawa Department of Mathematics585 King Edward AvenueOttawaONK1N 6N5Canada Risk Sciences International 55 Metcalfe StreetSuite 700OttawaONK1P 6L5Canada

Background:Influenza pandemics emerge at irregular and unpredictable intervals to cause substantial health,economic and social *** health-system response is vital to mitigating the consequences of future ***:We developed a mathematical model to assess the preparedness of Canadian health systems to accommodate pandemic-related increases in patient *** identify vulnerable areas,assess the potential of inter-wave vaccination to mitigate impacts and evaluate the association between demographic and health-system characteristics in order to identify predictors of pandemic ***:Modelled average attack rates were 23.7e37.2%with no intervention and 2.5 e6.4%with *** acute-care demand was 7.5e19.5%of capacity with no intervention and 0.6e2.6%with *** peak ICU demand was 39.3e101.8%with no intervention and 2.9e13.3%with *** mortality was 2258 e7944 with no intervention and 88e472 with *** of Southern Ontario were identified as most vulnerable to surges in patient *** strongest predictors of peak acute-care demand and ICU demand were acute-care bed capacity(R=0.8697;r^2=0.7564)and ICU bed capacity(R=0.8151;r^2=0.6644),*** characteristics had mild associations with predicted pandemic ***:Inter-wave vaccination provided adequate acute-care resource protection under all scenarios;ICU resource adequacy was protected under mild disease assumptions,but moderate and severe diseases caused demand to exceed expected availability in 21%and 49%of study areas,*** study informs priority vaccine distribution strategies for pandemic planning,emphasizing the need for targeted early vaccine distribution to high-risk individuals and areas.

关键词： consequences distribution Canadian

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A phaseⅡprospective trial of photobiomodulation therapy in limiting oral mucositis in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer patients

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 345-354页

作者： Janielle K.-A.Taylor Leila J.Mady Khalil Baddour Uzoma K.Iheagwara Shuyan Zhai James P.Ohr Daniel P.Zandber Vikram C.Gorantla Robert L.Ferris Seungwon Kim Umamaheswar Duvvuri mark W.Kubik Shaum Sridharan Jonas T.Johnson Karen D.Holeva Annette E.quinn David A.Clump School of Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology—Head and neck Surgery UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA UPMC Department of Radiation Oncology UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Biostatistics UPMC Hillman Cancer CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyUPMC Hillman Cancer CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Immunology UPMCPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:This study aimed to compare the historical incidence rate of severe oral mucositis(OM)in head and neck cancer patients undergoing definitive concurrent chemoradiation therapy(CRT)versus a prospective cohort of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HnSCC)treated with prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy(PBMT).Methods:This US-based,institutional,single-arm,phaseⅡprospective clinical trial was initiated in 50 patients(age≥18 years,Karnofsky Performance Scale Index>60,with locally advanced HnSCC(excluding oral cavity)receiving definitive or adjuvant radiation therapy(RT)with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy(CT).PBMT was delivered three times per week throughout RT utilizing both an intraoral as well extraoral delivery *** outcome measure was incidence of severe OM utilizing both the national Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria,version 4.0(nCI-CTCAE)Grade≥3 and the World Health Organization Mucositis Grading Scale(WHO)Grade≥3 versus historical controls;secondary outcome measures included time to onset of severe OM following therapy ***:At baseline,all patients included in final analysis(n=47)had OM Grade *** RT and CT dose was(66.3±5.1)Gy and(486.1±106.8)mg/m ^(2),*** OM was observed in 11 of 47 patients(23%,confidence interval:12,38).OM toxicity grade trended upward during treatment,reaching a maximum at 7 weeks(WHO:1.8 ***-CTCAE:1.7).Subsequently,OM grade returned to baseline 3 months following completion of *** mean time to onset of severe OM was(35±12)*** mean time to resolution of severe OM was(37±37)***:Compared to historical outcomes,PBMT aides in decreasing severe OM in patients with locally advanced *** represents a minimally invasive,prophylactic intervention to decrease OM as a major treatment-related side effect.

关键词： chemoradiotherapy oral mucositis photobiomodulation therapy squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck

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