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Life “in the Pink”. Brief Administration of BOOST Oxygen Beauty®Elevates Blood Oxygen Saturation and Enhances Facial Skin Colour

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第3期9卷 263-274页

作者： mark moss mark Ord Department of Psychology Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Objective: This study aimed to identify if a limited duration inhalation of BOOST Oxygen Beauty®?would impact on blood oxygen saturation levels, and whether any observed effect would be reflected in changes to facial skin colour and tone. Methods: Ten white female participants completed this randomised double-blind placebo controlled crossover study. Each participant was free from any make-up, and provided baseline measures of haemoglobin saturation, and facial skin colour and tone based on the CIE L* a* b* colour space. Five deep inhalations from the oxygen product or air placebo canister were then taken and second readings of all variables recorded. This process was repeated three times. Following a ten-minute rest period new baseline measures were made followed by a repeat of the procedure for the second treatment canister. Results: Data were analysed using factorial repeated measures analysis of variance (Anova). A significant treatment * time point interaction effect indicated an increase in blood oxygen saturation for the oxygen treatment, p = 0.007, whereas no change was found in the placebo condition. Significant differences were found between the treatments for measurements of red following inhalation, p = 0.033, with oxygen inhalation producing higher levels. In addition, a significant treatment * time point interaction effect was evident for the blue b* dimension, p = 0.009, with oxygen inhalation producing lower values than placebo over time. Individual Typology Angle values revealed no change following oxygen treatment, indicating skin tone was not affected. Conclusion: This study shows for the first time that inhalation of a branded oxygen beauty product can significantly impact blood oxygen saturation, and facial colour, producing a redder hue. The potential for these changes to predict ratings of health, attractiveness and age is an interesting prospect.

关键词： Skin Physiology Oxygen Delivery Spectroscopy

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Aromas of <i>Salvia</i>Species Enhance Everyday Prospective Memory Performance in Healthy Young Adults

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2014年第3期4卷 339-346页

作者： mark moss Michelle Rouse Lucy moss Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre Department of Psychology Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Research has previously demonstrated that aromas of both Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia are capable of modulating aspects of retrospective memory, attention and mood. This study is the first to report the potential for these aromas to enhance everyday prospective memory performance in healthy young adults. In an independent groups design, three conditions, Salvia officinalis aroma, Saliva lavandulaefolia aroma and no aroma were employed with 45 healthy volunteers in each condition. Prospective memory performance was assessed using the Prospective Remembering Video Procedure. Data analysis revealed that the Salvia officinalis aroma group performed significantly better than the control group on both event and action subscales of the prospective memory task. Saliva lavandulaefolia aroma only led to enhancement for the event measure when compared to controls. No differences were found between the aroma conditions. These findings offer support for those previously reported for the effects of the aromas of Salvia sp. on cognition and again demonstrate differential effects of the two aromas. The results are considered in terms of pharmacological mechanisms.

关键词： Salvia Sage Aroma Everyday Memory

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The Smell of Success?—The Impact of Perfume-Gender Congruency on Ratings of Attraction and the Halo Effect

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2014年第4期4卷 491-502页

作者： Radost Marinova mark moss Department of Psychology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Research into the concept of attraction has indicated the existence of olfactory influences that go beyond pheromonal level. Synthetic fragrances have been found to affect not only perception of attraction, but also attribution of beauty-unrelated intrinsic characteristics. The present study aimed to examine the impact of perfume-gender congruency on ratings of attractiveness and any perfume-generated halo effect. Male faces categorized as low, medium and high attractiveness were rated by 36 heterosexual female students across six domains: attractive, reliable, outgoing, intelligent, wealthy and socially competent. Ratings were made in the presence of a female perfume (incongruent condition), male perfume (congruent condition) or a no perfume control condition, with participants randomly allocated to produce three groups of equal size. The results indicated that 1) attractiveness generated a significant halo effect;2) the male perfume did not significantly enhance perception of attractiveness compared to the female perfume;and 3) the gender-congruent fragrance heightened attribution of “halo” characteristics. These results indicate that gender congruent perfume can impact positively on first impressions beyond attractiveness, and are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms and implications.

关键词： Perfume Congruence Attractiveness Halo Effect

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Any Sense in Classroom Scents? Aroma of Rosemary Essential Oil Significantly Improves Cognition in Young School Children

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第4期7卷 450-463页

作者： mark moss Victoria Earl Lucy moss Tom Heffernan Department of Psychology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom

The inhalation of the aroma of Rosemary essential oil has been shown to enhance cognition in healthy adults. In this independent groups design study we exposed forty schoolchildren aged nine to eleven years to either Rosemary aroma or no aroma in a classroom setting where they completed standardised tests of working memory in fifteen minute procedure. Analysis of the data revealed that performance on the Immediate serial recall, Sentence span, and Counting span tasks were significantly better in the Rosemary aroma condition and possessed medium to large effect sizes. This is the first study to demonstrate such effects in children and suggests that the potential for enhancement is greater than in adults. The findings are discussed in terms of the potential for improving academic attainment through natural interventions and the possible mechanisms behind such effects.

关键词： Rosemary Aroma Working Memory Children

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To Blend or Not to Blend? Anxiety Buffering Effects of Essential Oil Aromas

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 390-414页

作者： Sophie Swinburne Samantha Bowerbank mark moss Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre Department of Psychology Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK Department of Applied Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Essential oils of pure lavender and lavender blends have been employed as potential anxiolytic aromas in aromatherapy, but a direct comparison of their effectiveness is lacking. The current study investigated the effects of aroma on induced anxiety in non-clinical adults, comparing pure lavender, a commercially available blend and a no aroma control. An experimental, quantitative, mixed factorial design with an opportunity sample of 60 participants was employed. Participants were randomly allocated to three equal groups, one tested in a room infused with lavender aroma, the second with the doTerra Peace® blend, and the third free from any aroma. Participants’ state anxiety scores were measured before and after a novel video-based anxiety induction procedure. Data analysis revealed that the anxiety induction was successful and that both aromas delivered small to medium-sized buffering effects compared to no aroma. The findings add to a small body of research in an area where the practice is global yet has limited scientific evaluation. Future studies utilising brain imaging and blood serum analysis to investigate the anxiolytic mechanism of aromas would be beneficial to further our understanding.

关键词： Aromatherapy Lavender Essential Oil Blend Anxiety Buffering

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Prolonged Low-Level Exposure to the Aroma of Peppermint Essential Oil Enhances Aspects of Cognition and Mood in Healthy Adults

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 1002-1012页

作者： Lauren Hoult Laura Longstaff mark moss Department of Psychology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

The possible positive impact of aromas of plant essential oils is an area with a long history and one that is receiving increasing interest from modern science. Previous research has demonstrated beneficial effects of acute exposure on a range of variables. The current study set out to investigate for the first time whether extended exposure to the aroma of peppermint essential oil could provide benefits to healthy young adults. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to either wear a peppermint infused non-transdermal skin patch or a blank patch, for a period of six hours during which time they went about their normal daily routine. Cognitive and mood assessments were completed and a multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant difference to exist between the two groups when all variables were analysed together. Further analyses on the individual variables revealed small to medium positive effects of peppermint aroma on aspects of memory and attention and feelings of subjective alertness. These findings add to a growing body of evidence that suggests aroma of peppermint essential oil may act as a positive and easy intervention delivering beneficial objective and subjective outcomes. The findings are discussed in terms of putative mechanisms that might underpin the effects with a focus on possible pharmacological influences.

关键词： Aromas Plant Essential Oils

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Positive Massage for Couples’ Wellbeing and Relationships: The Bridge between Positive Psychology and Massage

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Health 2019年第12期11卷 1609-1624页

作者： Sayuri M. Naruse mark moss Department of Psychology Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Although positive psychology interventions are generally aimed at individuals, when considering couples, a dyadic approach may be more effective. In terms of a couples’ wellbeing, their relationship is one of the most important factors. As such, interventions targeted for both members’ wellbeing via their relationship are likely to be of value. Currently, there exist limited dyadic positive activity interventions available in positive psychology, and notably, tactile intervention is lacking. Massage is the evidence based tactile health modality that has long history as a therapeutic intervention, as well as being one of the most natural human health-oriented behaviours. The current commentary argues for the link between positive psychology and massage, and that “Positive Massage” can be a bridge between the hitherto distinct entities of positive psychology and massage. Furthermore, based on the conceptual theoretical model of the link between Positive Massage and wellbeing, we propose that Positive Massage can be an effective positive intervention impacting on couples’ wellbeing and enhancing their relationships.

关键词： Wellbeing Relationship Positive psychology Positive Massage Couples

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A Pilot Study of the Acute Ingestion of No. 1 Rosemary Water: Evidence of Cognitive, Physiological and Subjective Effects in Healthy Adults

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2018年第3期8卷 190-203页

作者： mark moss Mhairi McMullon Heather McDonald Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre Department of Psychology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

This study investigated the potential impact of the acute ingestion of No. 1 Rosemary water—a commercially available carbonated water containing an extract of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). Twenty healthy adults were randomly allocated to consume either 330 ml of No. 1 Rosemary water or plain carbonated water. They then completed a series of subjective measures and cognitive tasks including a fifteen-minute session on a stress inducing multi-tasking framework, followed by a second completion of the subjective measures. Heart rate and blood pressure were monitored throughout the procedure. Given the pilot nature of the study, analysis of the data eschewed significance testing for the calculation of Cohen’s d measure of effect sizes. These revealed a number of small enhancement effects on cognition, consistent with those found previously for the inhalation of the aroma of Rosemary essential oil, and oral administration of dried herb. Of particular interest here are the reduced subjective evaluations of stress, and the blunted physiological reactivity noted for heart rate and blood pressure, which represent novel findings in this area. Taken together the data suggest further investigation of this product is warranted with regard to its potential beneficial properties.

关键词： Rosemary Water Memory Heart Rate Mood

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Differential Cross Sections and Collision-Induced Rotational Alignment in Inelastic Scattering of NO(X)by Xe

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2020年第2期33卷 217-233,I0003,J0001-J0017页

作者： mark Brouard Helen Chadwick Sean DSGordon Cornelia GHeid Balazs Hornung Bethan Nichols Jacek Klos Pablo GJambrina FJavier Aoiz The Department of Chemistry University of OxfordThe Chemistry Research Laboratory12 Mans-field RoadOxford OX13TAUK Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversity of SalamancaSala-mancaSpain Departamento de Química Física Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Complutense28040 MadridSpain

Fully A-doublet resolved differential cross sections and collision-induced rotational alignment moments have been measured for the NO(X)-Xe collision system at a collision energy of 519 cm^-*** experiments combine initial quantum state selection,employing a hexapole inhomogeneous electric field,with quantum state resolved detection,using(1+1')resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization and velocity map ion *** differential cross sections and polarization dependent differential cross sections are shown to agree well with quantum mechanical scattering calculations performed on ab initio potential energy surfaces[*** et ***.137,014312(2012)].By comparison with quasi-classical trajectory calculations,quantum mechanical scattering calculations on a hard-shell potential,and kinematic apse model calculations,the effects of the attractive part of the potential on the measured differential cross sections and collision-induced rotational alignment moments are assessed.

关键词： Chemical Physics Reaction dynamics Inelastic scattering

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