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Liver Characterization of a Cohort of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Patients with and without Lung Disease

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第10期12卷 845-856页

作者： Naweed Mohammad Regina Oshins Tongjun Gu Virginia Clark Jorge Lascano Naziheh Assarzadegan George Marek mark Brantly Nazli Khodayari Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research Bioinformatics CoreUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Pathology Immunologyand Laboratory MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Background and Aims:Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD)is a genetic disorder characterized by the misfolding and accumulation of the mutant variant of alpha-1 antitrypsin(AAT)within hepatocytes,which limits its access to the circulation and exposes the lungs to protease-mediated tissue *** results in progressive liver disease secondary to AAT polymerization and accumulation,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)due to deficient levels of AAT within the *** goal was to characterize the unique effects of COPD secondary to AATD on liver disease and gene ***:A subcohort of AATD individuals with COPD(n=33)and AATD individuals without COPD(n=14)were evaluated in this study from our previously reported cross-sectional *** used immunohistochemistry to assess the AATD liver phenotype,and RNA sequencing to explore liver *** observed a distinct transcriptomic profile in liver tissues from AATD individuals with COPD compared to those ***:A total of 339 genes were differentially *** pathways related to fibrosis,extracellular matrix remodeling,collagen deposition,hepatocellular damage,and inflammation were significantly upregulated in the livers of AATD individuals with *** analysis also revealed higher levels of fibrosis and hepatocellular damage in these ***:Our data supports a relationship between the development of COPD and liver disease in AATD and introduces genes and pathways that may play a role in AATD liver disease when COPD is *** believe addressing lung impairment and airway inflammation may be an approach to managing AATD-related liver disease.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy Liver histology Transcriptomics

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Unraveling the hydrothermal history of the Xinshuijing Na-metasomatite uranium deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt， Northwest China by coupled hydrothermal zircon U–Pb and albite Ar–Ar dating

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： JUN ZHONG mark MIHALASKY MICHEL CUNEY SHENG HE JUN-JIE LI National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resource Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing， Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)， Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section， Division of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology， Vienna International Center Université de Lorraine， GéoRessources CNRS State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKLLE)， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences

Na-metasomatite uranium deposits are an important type of large-tonnage low-grade uranium deposit. They are characterized by an intimate association between uranium minerals and albite， and by the common development of syn-ore hydrothermal zircons. Similar to other types of uranium deposits， constraining an accurate age of mineralization remains a challenge for the Na-metasomatite type ones. In this study， we present for the first time， an approach that combines age dating results from the syn-ore albites (40Ar-39Ar) and hydrothermal zircons （U-Pb） for a typical Na-metasomatite uranium deposit， the Xinshuijing deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt of northwest China. The hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar ages are consistent with each other （378-366 Ma; within error）， but also identical to the previously reported uraninite chemical U-Pb ages （approximately 370 Ma）. The coupled application of hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar age dating is thus regarded as a robust approach for constraining the age of mineralization for Na-metasomatite uranium deposits. An age gap of approximately 70 m.y. between uranium mineralization （～ 370 Ma） and host granitoid emplacement （about 440 Ma） suggests no direct genetic linkage between the two. Further exploration in the surrounding metamorphic units is therefore suggested， rather than only focusing on the host granitoids， especially where intensive wallrock alteration and structural features are pervasive. The varied hydrothermal zircon δ18O isotope compositions are attributed to the significant fluid-wallrock interaction during the uranium mineralization， which is consistent with our previous fluid inclusion and geochemical studies. Our study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate isotopic dating methods， which is informed by detailed paragenetic and geochemical analysis of dateable minerals formed before or coeval to the main-stage uranium mineralization. Moreover， it is underlined that the e

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A Simulation of the Dependence of Tidal Interaction on Galaxy Type in Compact Groups

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期14卷 85-100页

作者： mark J. Henriksen Mateo Mejia Department of Physics University of Maryland Baltimore USA

We have investigated the role that different galaxy types have in galaxy-galaxy interactions in compact groups. N-body simulations of 6 galaxies consisting of a differing mixture of galaxy types were run to compare the relative importance of galaxy population demographic on evolution. Three different groups with differing galaxy content were tested: all spiral, a single elliptical and 50% elliptical. Tidal interaction strength and duration were recorded to assess the importance of an interaction. A group with an equal number of spiral and elliptical galaxies has some of the longest and strongest interactions with elliptical-elliptical interactions being most significant. These elliptical-elliptical interactions are not dominated by a single large event but consist of multiple interactions. Elliptical galaxies tidally interacting with spiral galaxies, have the next strongest interaction events. For the case when a group only has a single elliptical, the largest magnitude tidal interaction is an elliptical on a spiral. Spirals interact with each other through many small interactions. For a spiral only group, the interactions are the weakest compared to the other group types. These spiral interactions are not dominated by any singular event that might be expected to lead to a merger but are more of an ongoing harassment. These results suggest that within a compact group, early type galaxies will not form via merger out of an assemblage of spiral galaxies but rather that compact groups, in effect form around an early type galaxy.

关键词： Galaxy Groups Galaxy Clusters Galaxy Evolution N-Body Simulations

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Why Don’t We Adequately Identify and Manage Adverse Drug Reactions despite Having the Needed Information?

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 148-159页

作者： mark J. Kupersmith Karl Kieburtz Department of Neurology Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA SafeTherapeutics LLC New York NY USA Clintrex Research Corporation Sarasota FL USA

Importance/Objective: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are unavoidable, but recognizing and addressing ADRs early can improve wellness and prevent permanent injury. We suggest that available medical information and digital/electronic methods could be used to manage this major healthcare problem for individual patients in real time. Methods: We searched the available digital applications and three literature databases using the medical subject heading terms, adverse drug reaction reporting systems or management, filtered by clinical trial or systemic reviews, to detect publications with data about ADR identification and management approaches. We reviewed the reports that had abstract or summary data or proposed or implemented methods or systems with potential to identify or manage ADRs in clinical settings. Results: The vast majority of the 481 reports used retrospectively collected data for groups of patients or were limited to surveying one population group or class of medication. The reports showed potential and definite associations of ADRs for specific drugs and problems, mostly, but not exclusively, for patients in hospitals and nursing homes. No reports described complete methods to collect comprehensive data on ADRs for individual patients in a healthcare system. The digital applications have ADR information, but all are too cumbersome or incomplete for use in active clinical settings. Several studies suggested that providing information about potential ADRs to clinicians can reduce these problems. Conclusion and Relevance: Although investigators and government agencies agree with the need, there is no comprehensive ADR management program in current use. Informing the patient’s healthcare practitioners of potential ADRs at the point of service has the potential for reduction of these complications, which should improve healthcare and reduce unneeded costs.

关键词： Adverse Drug Reaction Medication Side Effect Identification Medication Complication Medication Safety

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基于丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物交联剂的壳聚糖水凝胶的生物相容性研究

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材料导报 2024年第12期38卷 234-243页

作者：杨水艳盛扬孙一新蔡仁钦 mark Bradley 张嵘常州大学材料科学与工程学院江苏常州213164 大博医疗科技有限公司基础研究院福建厦门361026 英国爱丁堡大学化学学院英国爱丁堡EH93JJ

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液... 详细信息

壳聚糖作为一种天然的氨基多糖,拥有良好的生物相容性和资源可再生性,但是较差的力学性能限制了其更广泛的应用。本研究以丙烯酸、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯为单体聚合得到三元共聚物大分子交联剂,然后将其与壳聚糖溶液混合后制备壳聚糖水凝胶。采用红外、热重、SEM等对合成的聚合物及壳聚糖凝胶的组成、形貌和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯共聚物的数均分子量为111900,具有一定的水溶性,与壳聚糖形成的水凝胶有良好的力学性能、溶胀性能和水蒸气渗透速率。在PBS(pH=7.4)中交联的凝胶膜与酸性条件下制备的凝胶膜相比,热分解温度提高,水接触角变大,力学性能得到较大提升。细胞毒性实验表明壳聚糖凝胶有良好的生物相容性,人脂肪干细胞在壳聚糖凝胶膜上会形成细胞簇并分泌外泌体。将壳聚糖凝胶膜覆盖在脂肪干细胞上,细胞能正常生长并分泌外泌体。因此,壳聚糖凝胶具有负载外泌体后应用于皮肤敷料的潜力。

关键词：壳聚糖丙烯酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯水凝胶外泌体

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Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong Bruce C V Campbell Marc Fisher Lee H Schwamm mark Parsons Hao Li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun Wang Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within *** study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond *** and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical *** who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volume6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at *** outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 *** TRACE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond *** registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

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Complexity of the Contexts:Features of Private Tutoring and Units for Comparison in the GCC Countries of the Middle East

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 42-65页

作者： mark Bray Anas Hajar East China Normal University&The University of Hong Kong Nazarbayev University

Purpose:Private supplementary tutoringwidely known as shadow education because of the ways in which it mimics regular schooling-is increasingly visible across the *** Middle East is no exception,though the phenomenon has received relatively little attention in the English-language *** article maps some key features of shadow education,identifying ways in which contextual forces have shaped ***/Approach/Methods:The article focuses on patterns across and within the six members of the Gulf Cooperation Council(GCC),namely Bahrain,Kuwait,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,and the United Arab *** draws on literature in both Arabic and English and shows the value of multipleunits of ***:Private tutoring has a long history as a significant phenomenon in some GCC countries,but in others developed more *** governments have had active policies to dampen the phenomenon,but with little *** in the complex dynamics include social,economic andcultural ***:The article assembles literature from around the region,noting both commonalities and diversities among GCC *** contributes to the global literature by providing the regional mapping from this specific part of the world and by showing comparisons with other world regions.

关键词： Cultural forces Gulf Cooperation Council Middle East policies private tutoring shadow education

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Regioselective cation exchange reaction for photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3400-3407页

作者： Mo-Yan Chen Tai-Song Zhang Zhi Yan Jiang-Nan Lv Xiao-Ting Sun Rui-Xia Yang mark TSwihart Xiao-Hong Xu Yang Liu Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University&Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education Taiyuan 030031China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo(SUNY)NY 14260USA Department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Engineering copper sulfide-based heterostructures via cation exchange(CE)is an appealing approach,as it allows selective combination of distinct compositions and functions of metal *** heterostructures can play a significant role in photoelectrochemical applications,but the effect of the ratio between two or more domains in such heterostructures on the photoresponse has not been well explored.

关键词： exchange sulfide splitting

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Public health importance of light intensity physical activity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 674-675页

作者： Robert Ross Ian Janssen mark S.Tremblay School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada School of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismQueen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

*** intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidelines are recommendations for light intensity PA(LPA,e.g.,walking at a leisurely pace of 3 km/h or less,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents).

关键词： intensity light benefits

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Researching Forms of Shadow Education:Methodological Challenges and Complexities of Private Supplementary Tutoring in Myanmar

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 89-110页

作者： Peter Kamtungtuang Suante mark Bray The University of Hong Kong East China Normal University&The University of Hong Kong

Purpose:The growing literature on private supplementary tutoring,widely known as shadow education,addresses multiple dimensions and ***,many studies inadequately capture the diversity and implications of different forms of *** paper examines these matters in Myanmar,highlighting complexities and ambiguities in descriptors and in the nature of ***/Approach/Methods:Using a mixed-methods design,this study was conducted in Mandalay Region and Chin *** data were obtained from interviews with I10 Grade II students,34 high school teachers,30 parents,29 private tutoring providers,and two private school ***:The article categorizes tutoring forms based on their styles and orientations,particularly lecture-type teaching and homework supervision by guides,class sizes,durations of fee-charging(e.g,annually),the number of subjects taught per tutor,and tutoring *** study brings the topic out of the shadows for clearer analysis of the phenomenon and thus for assessment of its ***:The study makes a methodological contribution to the wider picture by demonstrating the need for greater clarity and precision in the national and international comparative *** also underscores shortcomings of predetermined categories in questionnaires and the value of qualitative interviews.

关键词： Classification methodology Myanmar private tutoring shadow education

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