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Carbon monoxide production using a steel mill gas in a combined chemical looping process

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 811-825页

作者： Varun Singh lukas C.Buelens Hilde Poelman mark Saeys Guy B.Marin Vladimir V.Galvita laboratory for Chemical Technology Technologiepark 125B-9052 GhentBelgium

Up to 9% of the global CO_(2) emissions come from the iron and steel industry. Here, a combined chemical looping process to produce CO, a building block for the chemical industry, from the CO_(2) -rich blast furnace gas of a steel mill is proposed. This cyclic process can make use of abundant Fe_(3)O_(4) and CaO as solid oxygen and CO_(2) carriers at atmospheric pressure. A proof of concept was obtained in a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor with synthetic blast furnace gas and Fe_(3)O_(4) /CaO = 0.6 kg/kg. CO production from the proposed process was investigated at both isothermal conditions(1023 K) and upon imposing a temperature program from 1023 to 1148 K. The experimental results were compared using performance indicators such as CO yield, CO space time yield, carbon recovery of the process, fuel utilisation, and solids’ *** temperature-programmed CO production resulted in a CO yield of 0.056 ± 0.002 mol per mol of synthetic blast furnace gas at an average CO space time yield of 7.6 mmol kgFe^(-1) s^(-1) over 10 cycles, carbon recovery of 48% ± 1%, fuel utilisation of 23% ± 2%, and an average calcium oxide and iron oxide utilisation of 22% ± 1% and 11% ± 1%. These experimental performance indicators for the temperature-programmed CO production were consistently better than those of the isothermal implementation mode by 20% to 35%. Over 10 consecutive process cycles, no significant losses in CO yield were observed in either implementation mode. Process simulation was carried out for 1 million metric tonnes per year of equivalent CO_(2) emissions from the blast furnace gas of a steel mill to analyse the exergy losses in both modes of operation. Comparison of the exergy efficiency of the temperature-programmed process to the isothermal process showed that the former is more efficient because of the higher CO concentration achievable,despite 20% higher exergy losses caused by heat transfer required to change temperature.

关键词： Steel industry CO_(2)capture Calcium oxide CO_(2)sorbent Reverse water gas shift Circular economy Process intensification

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A diagnosis with a twist:Ultrasonographic sensitivity and predictors of pediatric ovarian torsion within a large pediatric hospital

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第3期13卷 229-231页

作者： mark K.Hewitt Jesse E.Marshall-Sheppard April J.Kam Department of Medicine Division of Emergency MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada Department of Family Medicine University of TorontoToronto M5S1A1Canada Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Emergency MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamilton 8S 4L8Canada

The diagnosis of ovarian torsion(OT)in girls is challenging compared to that of testicular torsion in boys for many reasons,but it behooves the medical community to continue to strive to better identify this uncommon but clinically important pathology^([1]) OT occurs when the ovary and associated structures rotate around its vascular pedicle,leading to eventually irreversible necrosis.^([2,3])Studies attempting to identify clinical features for early diagnosis have not reached a consensus on the best clinical predictors of this condition,making radiographic imaging of the ovaries even more crucial.^([4,5])

关键词： diagnosis pediatric torsion

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length–mass allometries in amphibians

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第1期13卷 36-45页

作者： luca SANTINI Ana BENÍTEZ-lÓPEZ Gentile Francesco FICETOlA mark A.J.HUIJBREGTS Department of Environmental Science Institute for Wetland and Water ResearchFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands Department of Bioscience University of MilanMilanItaly Alpine Ecology laboratory Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance PBl Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency The Haguethe Netherlands

Body mass is rarely recorded in amphibians,and other body measurements(*** to vent length,SVl)are generally collected ***,length measurements,when used as proxies of body mass in comparative analyses,are problematic if different taxa and morphotypes are *** developed allometric relationships to derive body mass from SVl *** fitted phylogenetic generalized least square models for frogs(Anura)and salamanders(Caudata)and for several families *** tested whether allometric relationships differed between species with different habitat preferences and between morphs in *** were fitted with SVl-mass measurements for 88 frog and 42 salamander *** assessed the predictive performance of the models by ***,the models showed high explained variance and low forecasting *** differed among semi-aquatic,terrestrial and arboreal frogs,and between paedomorphic and non-paedomorphic *** mass estimates derived from our models allow for comparability of studies on multiple taxa and can be used for testing theories built upon evolutionary and ecological processes which are directly related to body mass.

关键词： Anura body size body weight Caudata SVl

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Multifunctional interleaved geometric-phase dielectric metasurfaces

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light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 668-674页

作者： Elhanan Maguid Igor Yulevich Michael Yannai Vladimir Kleiner mark l Brongersma Erez Hasman Micro and Nanooptics laboratory Faculty of Mechanical Engineeringand Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel Geballe laboratory for Advanced Materials Stanford University476 Lomita MallStanfordCA 94305USA

Shared-aperture technology for multifunctional planar systems,performing several simultaneous tasks,was first introduced in the field of radar *** photonics,effective control of the electromagnetic response can be achieved by a geometric-phase mechanism implemented within a metasurface,enabling spin-controlled phase *** synthesis of the shared-aperture and geometric-phase concepts facilitates the generation of multifunctional *** shared-aperture geometric-phase metasurfaces were realized via the interleaving of sparse antenna sub-arrays,forming Si-based devices consisting of multiplexed geometric-phase *** study the performance limitations of interleaved nanoantenna arrays by means of a Wigner phasespace distribution to establish the ultimate information capacity of a metasurface-based photonic *** these limitations,we present multifunctional spin-dependent dielectric metasurfaces,and demonstrate multiple-beam technology for optical rotation *** also demonstrate the possibility of achieving complete real-time control and measurement of the fundamental,intrinsic properties of light,including frequency,polarization and orbital angular momentum.

关键词： geometric phase metasurface multifunctional shared aperture spectropolarimetry spin-optics Wigner distribution

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打破干旱区土地退化与贫困的联结

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Science Bulletin 2022年第24期67卷 2508-2512页

作者：吕楠傅伯杰 mark Stafford-Smith Fernando T.Maestre 程临海 State Key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CSIRO land&Water Canberra ACT 2601Australia Department of Ecology University of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del RaspeigAlicante 03690Spain Multidisciplinary Institute for Environment Studies“Ramon Margalef” University of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del RaspeigAlicante 03690Spain

Drylands cover approximately 41%of the global land surface and provide homes to more than two billion people. Collectively,drylands constitute the largest terrestrial biome on the planet,and despite their low productivity per land area compared to other ecosystems, they have a major impact on the ecological functioning and climate of our planet through carbon storage, albedo, dust production, and water cycling [1].

关键词： planet 土地退化 cycling

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Phytochemical malabsorption:clinical significance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998年第6期4卷 14-15页

作者： mark l Wahlqvist and Naiyana Wattanapenpaiboon

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＰＨＹＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＳＵｎｔｉｌｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ，ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｓｈａｖｅｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｏｎｍａｃｒｏｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓａｎｄｍｉｃ... 详细信息

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＰＨＹＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＳＵｎｔｉｌｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ，ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｓｈａｖｅｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｏｎｍａｃｒｏｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓａｎｄｍｉｃｒｏｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｉｎｆｏｏｄ...

关键词： phytochemicals vitamins minerals gastrointestinal malabsorption

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Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype-dependent N-acetylation of isoniazid in cryopreserved human hepatocytes

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第4期7卷 517-522页

作者： mark A.Doll Raúl A.Salazar-González Srineil Bodduluri David W.Hein Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202USA

Cryopreserved human hepatocytes were used to investigate the role of arylamine Nacetyltransferase 2(NAT2; EC 2.***.1.5) polymorphism on the N-acetylation of isoniazid(INH). NAT2 genotype was determined by Taqman allelic discrimination assay and INH N-acetylation was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. INH N-acetylation rates in vitro exhibited a robust and highly significant(P o0.005) NAT2 phenotype-dependent metabolism. N-acetylation rates in situ were INH concentration-and time-dependent. Following incubation for 24 h with 12.5 or 100 mmol/l INH, acetylINH concentrations varied significantly(P = 0.0023 and P = 0.0002) across cryopreserved human hepatocytes samples from rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylators, respectively. The clear association between NAT2 genotype and phenotype supports use of NAT2 genotype to guide INH dosing strategies in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis.

关键词：异菸肼 N-Acetyltransferase 2 Acetylation 多型性人的 hepatocytes 遗传型显型

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Development of internal COI primers to improve and extend barcoding of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini)

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 143-158页

作者： Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt mark J.Blacket Jana Batovska Melissa Starkie Anthony R.Clarke Stephen l.Cameron mark K.Schutze School of Earth Environmental&Biological SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Plant Biosecurity Co-operative Research Centre BruceAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Entomology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Department of Agriculture&Fisheries Queensland Primary Industries Insect Collection(QDPC)Dutton ParkQueenslandAustralia

Accurate species-level identifications underpin many aspects of basic and applied biology;however,identifications can be hampered by a lack of discriminating morphological characters,taxonomic expertise or *** approaches,such as DNA"barcoding"of the cytochrome c oxidase(COI)gene,are argued to overcome these ***,nuclear encoding of mitochondrial genes(numts)and poor amplification success of suboptimally preserved specimens can lead to erroneous *** insect group for which these molecular and morphological problems are significant are the dacine fruit flies(Diptera:Tephritidae:Dacini).We addressed these issues associated with COI barcoding in the dacines by first assessing several"universal"COI primers against public mitochondrial genome and numt sequences for dacine *** then modified a set of four primers that more closely matched true dacine COI sequence and amplified two overlapping portions of the COI barcode *** new primers were tested alongside universal primers on a selection of dacine species,including both fresh preserved and decades-old dry ***,Bactrocera tiyoni mitochondrial and nuclear genomes were compared to identify putative *** numt clades were identified,three of which were amplified using existing universal *** contrast,our new primers preferentially amplified the"true"mitochondrial COI barcode in all dacine species *** new primers also successfully amplified partial barcodes from dry specimens for which full length barcodes were *** we recommend these new primers be incorporated into the suites of primers used by diagnosticians and quarantine labs for the accurate identification of dacine species.

关键词： Bactrocera biosecurity Dacus\minibarcodes pseudogene Zeugodacus

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Metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguide devices for manipulating light at the nanoscale

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Chinese Optics letters 2009年第4期7卷 302-308页

作者： Georgios Veronis Zongfu Yu Sukru Ekin Kocaba David A. B. Miller mark l. Brongersma Shanhui Fan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Ginzton laSoratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA GeSalle laSoratory of Advanced Materials Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

We review some of the recent advances in the development of subwavelength plasmonic devices for manipulating light at the nanoseale, drawing examples from our own work in metal-dielectric-metal （MDM） plasmonic waveguide devices. We introduce bends, splitters, and mode converters for MDM waveguides with no additional loss. We also demonstrate that optical gain provides a mechanism for on/off switching in MDM plasmonic waveguides. Highly efficient compact couplers between dielectric waveguides and MDM waveguides are also introduced.

关键词： Metals Multiplexing Nanotechnology Optical waveguides Plasmons Waveguide components Waveguides

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Polymer-mediated immunocamouflage of red blood cells: Effects of polymer size on antigenic and immunogenic recognition of allogeneic donor blood cells

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Science China(life Sciences) 2011年第7期54卷 589-598页

作者： WANG DunCheng Dana l. KYlUIK Kari l. MURAD Wendy M. TOYOFUKU mark D. SCOTT Canadian Blood Services Vancouver V6T 1Z3 British Columbia Canada Centre for Blood Research and the Department of Pathology and laboratory Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 British Columbia Canada Department of Biology College of St. Rose Albany 12208 New York USA

Developing a practical means of reducing alloimmunization in chronically transfused patients would be of significant clinical benefit. Immunocamouflaging red blood cells (RBCs) by membrane grafting of methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) may reduce the risk of allo-immunization. The results of this study showed that antibody recognition of non-ABO antigens was significantly reduced in an mPEG-dose- and polymer size-dependent manner, with higher molecular weight mPEGs providing better immunoprotection. Furthermore, in vivo immunogenicity was significantly reduced in mice serially transfused with mPEG-modified xenogeneic (sheep; sRBCs), allogeneic (C57Bl/6), or syngeneic (Balb/c) RBCs. Following a primary transfu- sion of sRBCs, mice receiving mPEG-sRBCs showed a >90% reduction in anti-sRBC IgG antibody levels. After two transfusions, mice receiving mPEG-sRBCs showed reductions of >80% in anti-sRBC IgG levels. Importantly, mPEG-modified autologous cells did not induce neoantigens or an immune (IgG or IgM) response. These data suggest that the global immunocamouflage of RBCs by polymer grafting may provide a safe and cost-effective means of reducing the risk of alloimmunization.

关键词：红细胞免疫接枝聚合物免疫原性高分子量血液细胞 MPEG文件抗原性介导

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