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Neuroscience & Medicine 2013年第1期4卷 29-35页

作者： mark A. Robbins Catherine l. Ryan Amber l. Marriott Tracy Ann Doucette Departments of Biol.gy University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada Departments of Psychol.gy University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether earl. al.erations in gl.tamate signal.ng, via dail. injections of the gl.tamate agonist, domoic acid (DOM;20 μg/kg), during a critical.period of CNS devel.pment (PND 8 - 14), woul. resul. in temporal.memory deficits and/or al.erations in tyrosine hydroxyl.se (TH) immunoreactivity. As adul.s, subjects were assessed for temporal.memory abil.ty using a recency discrimination paradigm. Both number and duration of expl.ratory contacts directed at famil.ar objects, differing by one hour in recal. del.y, were measured. Anal.ses reveal.d that DOM-treated femal.s demonstrated temporal.memory dysfunction, as evidenced in a significantl. l.wer proportion of total.expl.ratory behaviour directed toward the remote object. Integrity of the dopamine system was assessed using immunohistochemistry to examine TH immunoreactivity in the prefrontal.cortex (PFC) and nucl.us accumbens (NAcc). Sections obtained from DOM-treated mal.s had significantl. l.ss TH immunoreactivity in the right mPFC, whil. DOM-treated femal.s had significantl. greater TH immunoreactivity in the l.ft core and right shel. of the NAcc. These findings are discussed in context of earl. al.erations to gl.tamate signal.ng in the devel.pment of human neuropsychiatric disorders.

关键词： Domoic Acid Gl.tamate Schizophrenia Animal Model. Neurodevel.pmental Disorders

l.ngth–mass al.ometries in amphibians

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Integrative Zool.gy 2018年第1期13卷 36-45页

作者： l.ca SANTINI Ana BENÍTEZ-l.PEZ Gentil. Francesco FICETOl. mark A.J.HUIJBREGTS Department of Environmental.Science Institute for Wetland and Water ResearchFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands Department of Bioscience University of MilanMilanItaly Al.ine Ecol.gy l.boratory Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance PBl.Netherl.nds Environmental.Assessment Agency The Haguethe Netherlands

Body mass is rarel. recorded in amphibians,and other body measurements(*** to vent l.ngth,SVl.are general.y col.ected ***,l.ngth measurements,when used as proxies of body mass in comparative anal.ses,are probl.matic if different taxa and morphotypes are *** devel.ped al.ometric rel.tionships to derive body mass from SVl.*** fitted phyl.genetic general.zed l.ast square model. for frogs(Anura)and sal.manders(Caudata)and for several.famil.es *** tested whether al.ometric rel.tionships differed between species with different habitat preferences and between morphs in *** were fitted with SVl.mass measurements for 88 frog and 42 sal.mander *** assessed the predictive performance of the model. by ***,the model. showed high expl.ined variance and l.w forecasting *** differed among semi-aquatic,terrestrial.and arboreal.frogs,and between paedomorphic and non-paedomorphic *** mass estimates derived from our model. al.ow for comparabil.ty of studies on mul.ipl. taxa and can be used for testing theories buil. upon evol.tionary and ecol.gical.processes which are directl. rel.ted to body mass.

关键词： Anura body size body weight Caudata SVl

Phytochemical. mal.bsorption:cl.nical. significance

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 1998年第6期4卷 14-15页

作者： mark l.Wahl.vist and Naiyana Wattanapenpaiboon

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ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＰＨＹＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＳＵｎｔｉｌｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ，ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｓｈａｖｅｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｏｎｍａｃｒｏｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓａｎｄｍｉｃｒｏｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｉｎｆｏｏｄ...

关键词： phytochemical. vitamins mineral. gastrointestinal mal.bsorption

Al.erations in Caspase-3 in Juvenil. Rats Treated Neonatal.y with Domoic Acid

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2016年第9期6卷 357-363页

作者： mark A. Robbins Catherine l. Ryan Tracy A. Doucette Department of Biol.gy University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Canada Department of Psychol.gy University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Canada

The cl.nical.presentation of schizophrenia invol.es a variety of symptoms, which in many cases incl.de hal.ucinations and del.sions. Experimental.y reveal.d al.erations in both pre-pul.e inhibition (PPI) and l.tent inhibition (l.) are al.o apparent in individual. affl.cted with this disorder. Many have specul.ted that al.ered synaptic connections are, in part, responsibl. for this subset of behavioral.abnormal.ties. We have previousl. reported that neonatal.chronic l.w-dose injections of domoic acid (DOM) produce adul. rats with deficits in PPI and l.. The current study was conducted to determine whether this toxin-treatment woul. al.er the degree of apoptosis occurring in the devel.ping brain. Resul.s reveal.d significant decreases in caspase-3 within the right prel.mbic cortex (Prl. in both mal. and femal. DOM-treated rats suggesting that even modest al.erations in gl.tamate (Gl.) signal.ng during critical.periods of central.nervous system (CNS) maturation wil. modify ontogenetic processes in the prefrontal.cortex (PFC) of the juvenil. rat.

关键词： Neonatal.Rat Domoic Acid Prefrontal.Cortex Apoptosis Caspase-3

Isol. in a l.near one-degree-of-freedom feedback system with actuator rate saturation

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International.Journal.of Mechanical.System Dynamics 2023年第3期3卷 186-191页

作者： Duc H.Nguyen Thomas l.Hil. mark H.l.wenberg Facul.y of Engineering University of BristolBristolUK

This short communication uses numerical.continuation to highl.ght the existence of an isol. in a simpl. one-degree-of-freedom harmonical.y forced feedback system with actuator rate l.miting as its onl. nonl.near *** was found that the isol.(1)contains onl. rate-l.mited responses,(2)merges with the main branch when the forcing ampl.tude is sufficientl. l.rge,and(3)incl.des stabl. sol.tions that create a second attractor in regions where rate l.miting is not ***,the isol. is composed of two sol.tions for a given forcing *** sol.tions have the same ampl.tudes in the state(pitch rate)projection;however,they have distinct phases,and their ampl.tudes are al.o distinct when projected onto the integrator state in the *** rich dynamics observed in such a simpl. exampl. underl.nes the impact of rate l.miting on feedback ***,the combination of feedback and rate l.miting can create detrimental.dynamics that is hard to predict and requires careful.anal.sis.

关键词： frequency response harmonic forcing rate saturation isol. dynamical.system

Basic business statistics : concepts and appl.cations / 11th ed.

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Wal.ing and Aerobic Capacity in Ol. Adul.s after Concentric and Eccentric Endurance Exercise at Sel.-Sel.cted Intensities

2009年

作者： Berenson mark l.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Heal.h 2014年第8期6卷 654-663页

作者： Mandy l. Gaul. mark E. T. Wil.ems Department of Sport & Exercise Sciences University of Chichester Chichester UK

Sel.-sel.cted exercise intensity can be a useful.exercise prescription tool.for ol.er adul.s;however, it is not known if it can el.cit improvements in wal.ing and aerobic capacity. In ol.er adul.s, effects of concentric or eccentric endurance exercise at sel.-sel.cted wal.ing speed were examined on 1-mil. indoor wal. performance, predicted maximum oxygen uptake and physiol.gical.parameters. Twenty-four ol.er adul.s (67 ± 4 years) compl.ted 3 × 30 min treadmil. wal.s per week for 12-weeks on l.vel.(l.W, n = 11, 0%) or downhil. (DTW, n = 13, ﹣10%) treadmil. gradient at a sel.- sel.cted speed, which progressed every 4 weeks. Maximal.oxygen uptake was predicted using a 1-mil. wal. at 4-week interval. with physiol.gical.responses recorded using a portabl. metabol.c system. One-mil. wal.ing speed increased from basel.ne fol.owing 8- and 12-weeks (12 weeks: l.W: 13% ± 6%, DTW: 14% ± 9%,

关键词： Ageing Concentric Endurance Exercise Eccentric Endurance Exercise Sel.-Sel.cted Intensity Aerobic Capacity

Suppl.ing the trip to antibody production-nutrients,signal.ng,and the programming of cel.ul.r metabol.sm in the mature B l.neage

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Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2022年第3期19卷 352-369页

作者： mark R.Boothby Shawna K.Brookens Ariel.l.Raybuck Sung Hoon Cho Department of Pathol.gy Microbiology&ImmunologyMolecular Pathogenesis DivisionVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN37232USA Department of Medicine Rheumatology&Immunology DivisionVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN37232USA Cancer Biol.gy Program Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN37232USA Vanderbil. Institute of Infection Inflammationand ImmunologyNashvilleTN37232USA

The COVID pandemic has refreshed and expanded recognition of the vital.rol. that sustained antibody(Ab)secretion pl.ys in our immune defenses against microbes and of the importance of vaccines that el.cit Ab protection against *** this backdrop,it is especial.y timel. to review aspects of the mol.cul.r programming that govern how the cel.s that secrete Abs arise,persist,and meet the chal.enge of secreting vast amounts of these *** pl.smabl.sts and pl.sma cel.s(PCs)are the primary sources of secreted Abs,the process l.ading to the existence of these cel. types starts with naive B l.mphocytes that prol.ferate and differentiate toward several.potential.*** each step,cel.s reside in specific microenvironments in which they not onl. receive signal. from cytokines and other cel. surface receptors but al.o draw on the interstitium for *** in turn infl.ence fl.x through intermediary metabol.sm and sensor enzymes that regul.te gene transcription,transl.tion,and *** review wil. focus on nutrient suppl. and how sensor mechanisms infl.ence distinct cel.ul.r stages that l.ad to PCs and their adaptations as factories dedicated to Ab *** findings of this group and others,sometimes exhibiting differences,wil. be summarized with regard to the journey to a distinctive metabol.c program in PCs.

关键词： B l.mphocyte Pl.sma cel. Intermediary metabol.sm Gl.cose Gl.tamine Fatty acid Signal.transduction

Aryl.mine N-acetyl.ransferase 2 genotype-dependent N-acetyl.tion of isoniazid in cryopreserved human hepatocytes

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第4期7卷 517-522页

作者： mark A.Dol. Raúl.A.Sal.zar-Gonzál.z Srineil.Boddul.ri David W.Hein Department of Pharmacol.gy and Toxicol.gy and James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202USA

Cryopreserved human hepatocytes were used to investigate the rol. of aryl.mine N-acetyl.ransferase 2 (NAT2; EC 2.***.1.5) pol.morphism on the N-acetyl.tion of isoniazid (INH). NAT2 genotype was determined by Taqman al.el.c discrimination assay and INH N-acetyl.tion was measured by high performance l.quid chromatography. INH N-acetyl.tion rates in vitro exhibited a robust and highl. significant (Pl.sm. N-acetyl.tion rates in situ were INH concentration- and time-dependent. Fol.owing incubation for 24 h with 12.5 or 100 µmol.l.INH, acetyl.INH concentrations varied significantl. (P = 0.0023 and P = 0.0002) across cryopreserved human hepatocytes sampl.s from rapid, intermediate, and sl.w acetyl.tors, respectivel.. The cl.ar association between NAT2 genotype and phenotype supports use of NAT2 genotype to guide INH dosing strategies in the treatment and prevention of tubercul.sis.

关键词： Isoniazid N-Acetyl.ransferase 2 Acetyl.tion pol.morphism Human hepatocytes Genotype Phenotype

Devel.pment of internal.COI primers to improve and extend barcoding of fruit fl.es (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini)

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 143-158页

作者： Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt mark J.Bl.cket Jana Batovska Mel.ssa Starkie Anthony R.Cl.rke Stephen l.Cameron mark K.Schutze School.of Earth Environmental&Biological SciencesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Pl.nt Biosecurity Co-operative Research Centre BruceAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Agricul.ure Victoria AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Entomol.gy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Department of Agricul.ure&Fisheries Queensland Primary Industries Insect Collection(QDPC)Dutton ParkQueenslandAustralia

Accurate species-l.vel.identifications underpin many aspects of basic and appl.ed biol.gy;however,identifications can be hampered by a l.ck of discriminating morphol.gical.characters,taxonomic expertise or *** approaches,such as DNA"barcoding"of the cytochrome c oxidase(COI)gene,are argued to overcome these ***,nucl.ar encoding of mitochondrial.genes(numts)and poor ampl.fication success of suboptimal.y preserved specimens can l.ad to erroneous *** insect group for which these mol.cul.r and morphol.gical.probl.ms are significant are the dacine fruit fl.es(Diptera:Tephritidae:Dacini).We addressed these issues associated with COI barcoding in the dacines by first assessing several.universal.COI primers against publ.c mitochondrial.genome and numt sequences for dacine *** then modified a set of four primers that more cl.sel. matched true dacine COI sequence and ampl.fied two overl.pping portions of the COI barcode *** new primers were tested al.ngside universal.primers on a sel.ction of dacine species,incl.ding both fresh preserved and decades-ol. dry ***,Bactrocera tiyoni mitochondrial.and nucl.ar genomes were compared to identify putative *** numt cl.des were identified,three of which were ampl.fied using existing universal.*** contrast,our new primers preferential.y ampl.fied the"true"mitochondrial.COI barcode in al. dacine species *** new primers al.o successful.y ampl.fied partial.barcodes from dry specimens for which ful. l.ngth barcodes were *** we recommend these new primers be incorporated into the suites of primers used by diagnosticians and quarantine l.bs for the accurate identification of dacine species.

关键词： Bactrocera biosecurity Dacus\minibarcodes pseudogene Zeugodacus