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The role of optical coherence tomography in neuro-ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 228-245页

作者： john J.Chen Fiona costello Department of Ophthalmology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Departments of Surgery University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada

Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is an ocular imaging technique that can complement the neuro-ophthalmic assessment,and inform our understanding regarding functional consequences of neuroaxonal injury in the afferent visual ***,OCT has emerged as a surrogate end-point in the diagnosis and follow up of several demyelinating syndromes of the central nervous system(CNS),including optic neuritis(ON)associated with:multiple sclerosis(MS),neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD),and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)*** advancements in enhanced depth imaging(EDI)OCT have distinguished this technique as a new gold standard in the diagnosis of optic disc drusen(ODD).Moreover,OCT may enhance our ability to distinguish cases of papilledema from pseudopapilledema caused by *** the setting of idiopathic intracranial hypertension(IIH),OCT has shown benefit in tracking responses to treatment,with respect to reduced retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)measures and morphological changes in the angling of Bruch’s *** follow up of OCT measured ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness may be of particular value in managing IIH patients who have secondary optic *** of compressive optic neuropathies may be readily diagnosed with OCT,even in the absence of overt visual field ***,OCT values may offer some prognostic value in predicting post-operative outcomes in these ***,OCT can be indispensable in differentiating optic neuropathies from retinal diseases in patients presenting with vision loss,and an unrevealing fundus *** this review,our over-arching goal is to highlight the potential role of OCT,as an ancillary investigation,in the diagnosis and management of various optic nerve disorders.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography(OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIP)thickness optic neuritis(ON) optic disc drusen(ODD)

Validity of a noninvasive estimation of deep body temperature when wearing personal protective equipment during exercise and recovery

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 328-339页

作者： Andrew P.Hunt mark J.Buller Matthew J.Maley Joseph T.costello Ian B.Stewart School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences&Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine NatickMAUSA Extreme Environments Laboratory Department of Sport and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK

Background:Deep body temperature is a critical indicator of heat ***,direct measures are often invasive,costly,and difficult to implement in the *** study assessed the agreement between deep body temperature estimated from heart rate and that measured directly during repeated work bouts while wearing explosive ordnance disposal(EOD)protective clothing and during ***:Eight males completed three work and recovery periods across two separate *** consisted of treadmill walking on a 1%incline at 2.5,4.0,or 5.5 km/h,in a random order,wearing EOD protective *** temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 24℃and 50%[Wet bulb globe temperature(WBGT)(20.9±1.2)℃]or 32℃and 60%[WBGT(29.0±0.2)℃]on the separate days,*** rate and gastrointestinal temperature(TGI)were monitored continuously,and deep body temperature was also estimated from heart rate(ECTemp).Results:The overall systematic bias between TGI and ECTemp was 0.01℃with 95%limits of agreement(Lo A)of±0.64℃and a root mean square error of 0.32℃.The average error statistics among participants showed no significant differences in error between the exercise and recovery periods or the environmental *** TGI levels of(37.0–37.5)℃,(37.5–38.0)℃,(38.0–38.5)℃,and>38.5℃,the systematic bias and±95%Lo A were(0.08±0.58)℃,(–0.02±0.69)℃,(–0.07±0.63)℃,and(–0.32±0.56)℃,***:The findings demonstrate acceptable validity of the ECTemp up to 38.5℃.Conducting work within an ECTemp limit of 38.4℃,in conditions similar to the present study,would protect the majority of personnel from an excessive elevation in deep body temperature(>39.0℃).

关键词： Protective clothing Body core temperature Heat strain Heat stress Kalman filter Explosive ordnance disposal

Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck—an old problem revisited

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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第4期7卷 517-519页

作者： john Bunni mark Gillam Ian Michael Pope Department of General Surgery Bristol Royal InfirmaryBristol BS28HWUK

Herein the authors describe the case of a young woman presenting with a tender lump in her *** the differential was of either a reactive lymph node or a femoral *** scan was urgently arranged and showed a cystic *** exploration was carried out and revealed this to be a hydrocele of the canal of *** was excised and the patient’s symptoms resolved and she was discharged home the following *** explore the embryology,pathophysiology and management of this rare entity.

关键词： canal of Nuck hernia embryology

Dielectric confinement on exciton binding energy and nonlinear optical properties in a strained Zn_(1-x_(in))Mg_(x(in))Se/Zn_(1-x(out))Mg_(x(out))Se quantum well

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第9期33卷 1-7页

作者： J.Abraham Hudson mark A.john Peter Department of Physics NPR Arts&Science CollegeNathamDindigul-624401India Department of Physics Government Arts CollegeMelur-625106MaduraiIndia

The band offsets for a Zn1-xin Mgxin Se/Zn1-xout Mgxout Se quantum well heterostructure are determined using the model solid theory. The heavy hole exciton binding energies are investigated with various Mg alloy contents. The effect of mismatch between the dielectric constants between the well and the barrier is taken into account. The dependence of the excitonic transition energies on the geometrical confinement and the Mg alloy is discussed. Non-linear optical properties are determined using the compact density matrix approach. The linear, third order non-linear optical absorption coefficient values and the refractive index changes of the exciton are calculated for different concentrations of magnesium. The results show that the occurred blue shifts of the resonant peak due to the Mg incorporation give the information about the variation of two energy levels in the quantum well width.

关键词： interband emission energy exciton binding energy quantum well

Development of high damage threshold laser-machined apodizers and gain filters for laser applications

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第3期4卷 113-119页

作者： Patrick Rambo Jens Schwarz mark Kimmel john L.Porter Sandia National Laboratories

We have developed high damage threshold filters to modify the spatial profile of a high energy laser beam. The filters are formed by laser ablation of a transmissive window. The ablation sites constitute scattering centers which can be filtered in a subsequent spatial filter. By creating the filters in dielectric materials, we see an increased laser-induced damage threshold from previous filters created using ‘metal on glass' lithography.

关键词： apodization laser beam shaping laser micro-machining spatial filtering

Low hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)expression in testicular germ cell tumors--a major reason for enhanced chemosensitivity?

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第4期29卷 374-378页

作者： niraj shenoy roxana dronca fernando quevedo stephen a boorjian john cheville brian costello manish kohli thomas witzig lance pagliaro division of oncology mayo clinicRochesterMN 55905usa department of urology mayo clinicRochesterMN 55905usa division of clinical pathology mayo clinicRochesterMN 55905usa

The molecular basis for enhanced chemosensitivity of testicular germ cell tumors （GCT） has been an area of great interest, as it could potentially give us therapeutic leads in other resistant malignancies. Thus far, however, the increased sensitivity of C＆T has been variously attributed to multiple factors -- an inability to detoxify cisplatin, a lack of export pumps, an inability to repair the DNA damage, an intact apoptotic cascade and lack of p53 mutation; but a unifying underlying etiology leading to the aforementioned processes and having a translational implication has so far been elusive. Herein, we offer evidence to support a potential significant role for the previously demonstrated low hypoxia inducible factor-la （HIF-la） expression in mediating the general exquisite chemosensitivity of testicular GCT, through the aforementioned processes. This molecular mechanism based hypothesis could have a significant translational implication in platinum refractory GCT as well as other platinum resistant malignancies.

关键词： Hypoxia inducible factor-la (HIF-la) testicular germ cell tumor chemosensitivity

Alternative expressions for stand diameter in complex forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 328-336页

作者： mark J.Ducey john A.Kershaw Jr. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada

Quadratic mean diameter is the most frequently reported descriptor of the diameter distribution of *** such,it is often used as an indicator of forest stand structure,developmental stage,and ecological and economic ***,quadratic mean diameter can be heavily influenced by the presence or absence of large numbers of small stems in lower canopy strata,and it is also sensitive to left-truncation of the diameter distribution,making its interpretation across inventories with different protocols ***,we examine three alternative expressions of stand diameter:the arithmetic and quadratic mean diameter of the thickest 100 trees per hectare,and the basal area-weighted mean *** data from the United States Forest Inventory and Analysis program for New York and New England,these alternative expressions showed closer correlation with multiple stand structural variables than did quadratic mean diameter,including merchantable cubic and board foot volume per hectare,aboveground live tree carbon per hectare,and total number of live and dead standing trees greater than 40 cm diameter at breast height per hectare(previously proposed as an index of old-growth structure).Arithmetic and quadratic mean diameter of the thickest 100 trees per hectare showed nearly identical performance,and the strongest correlations across the *** develop closed-form expressions for these variables when the diameter distribution is a Weibull,and illustrate their behavior relative to quadratic mean diameter for that *** the reasons for prevalence of quadratic mean diameter as an indicator remain valid,we suggest that these alternative measures should be more widely reported and analyzed to give a more informative depiction of stand structure and development in complex forests.

关键词： Forest structure Diameter at breast height Weibull distribution

Strength and Toughness of Steel Fibre Reinforced Reactive Powder Concrete Under Blast Loading

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2006年第B09期12卷 70-74页

作者： KUZNETSOV Valerian A REBENTROST mark WASCHL john Weapons Systems Division DSTOEdinburgh SA 5111Australia VSL Australia Noble Park VIC 3174Australia

The blast resistance of structures used in buildings needs to be investigated due to the increased threat of a terrorist attack. The damage done by Composition B or Powergel to steel fibre reinforced reactive powder concrete （SFRPC） panels and ordinary reinforced concrete （RC） panels of equivalent static flexural strength is compared. A 0. 5 kg charge was detonated at a distance of 0. 1 m from the 1. 3 m × 1. 0 m × 0. 1 m （thick） panels, which were simply supported and spaning 1.3 m. Dynamic displacement measurements, high-speed video recording and visual examination of the panels for spall and breach were undertaken. The SFRPC panels withstood the bare charge blast better than the reinforced ordinary concrete panels. Neither type of panel was breached using a O. 5 kg charge, The RC panel exhibited more spalling when Composition B was used. Under successive Composition B loading conditions, the RC panel was breached. In comparison the SFRPC panel was not breached. Exposure to fragmenting charge loading conditions confirmed these performance differences between the SFRPC panel and the reinforced ordinary concrete panel.

关键词： steel fibre reinforced reactive powder concrete blast loading spalling explosive blast loading

Metrological framework for selecting morphological characters to identify species and estimate developmental maturity of forensically significant insect specimens

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 75-83页

作者： john mark Midgley Martin Herrer Villet Southern African Forensic Entomology Research Laboratory Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Natural Sciences KwaZulu-Natal MuseumPietermaritzburgSouth Africa

Accurate age estimates of immature necrophagous insects associated with a human or animal body can provide evidence of how long the body has been *** estimates are based on species-specific details of the insects’aging processes,and therefore require accurate species identification and developmental stage *** professionals who produce or use identified organisms as forensic evidence have little training in taxonomy or metrology,and appreciate the availability of formalized principles and standards for biological *** identifications are usually most readily and economically made using categorical and qualitative morphological characters,but it may be necessary to use less convenient and potentially more ambiguous characters that are continuous and quantitative if two candidate species are closely related,or if identifying developmental stages within a *** should be selected by criteria such as taxonomic specificity and metrological repeatability and relative *** propose such a hierarchical framework,critique various measurements of immature insects,and suggest some standard approaches to determine the reliability of organismal identifications and measurements in estimating postmortem *** criteria for good characters include high repeatability(including low scope for ambiguity or parallax effects),pronounced discreteness,and small relative error in *** same principles apply to individuation of unique objects in general.

关键词： orensic sciences forensic entomology identification individuation data types metrology measurement error repeatability