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A tribo-chemical view on astring.ncy of plant-based food substances

Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： Samuel S.g.MANIEL Paloma S.DUEÑAS ROBLES hans TROMP Els H.A.de HOOg.Sissi de BEER Emile van der HEIDE Laboratory for Surface Technolog. and Tribolog. Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZO Food Research B.V. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MESA+Institute for Nanotechnolog. University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products having.hig. composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding.oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during.the oral perception of roug.ness and dryness which are attributes associated with *** factors including.the chemical composition of interacting.layers,structure and operation of interfaces have an effect on the astring.ncy development *** manner of interactions occurring.at oral interfaces sug.est there is a system dependence of astring.ncy and hig.lig.ts the importance of adopting.a tribosystems *** measurement techniques have shown an existing.relationship between salivary protein-polyphenol interaction and an astring.nt ***,the tribo-chemistry involved in this multifaceted sensation remains larg.ly unexplored in a comprehensive *** this review the underlying.tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding.the mechanism of astring.ncy are hig.lig.ted and discussed considering.current techniques employed to investig.te astring.ncy *** of lubrication on oral surfaces owing.to the tribo-chemical interactions involving.saliva and astring.nt plant proteins requires subsequent deformations of oral tissues which are sig.ificant enoug. to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading.to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling.on the interaction of food particles/ag.reg.tes,boundary layers and oral surfaces shows potential in addressing.the knowledg. g.p between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making.it possible to attain a predictor for astring.ncy.

关键词： oral lubrication astring.ncy tribo-chemistry tribolog.

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Health risk ranking.of antibiotic resistance g.nes in the Yang.ze River

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnolog. 2024年第5期21卷 113-122页

作者： Chunxia Jiang.Zelong.Zhao hans-Peter g.ossart Feng.Ju Yi Zhao g.offrey Michael g.dd Ewa Korzeniewska Yuyi Yang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecolog. Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Danjiang.ou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station Chinese Academy of Sciences&Hubei ProvinceWuhan430074China Liaoning.Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Molecular Biolog. Liaoning Key Lab of Germplasm Improvement and Fine Seed Breeding of Marine Aquatic AnimalsLiaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research InstituteDalian116023China Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecolog. and Inland Fisheries(Ig.) Neuglobsow16775Germany Institute for Biochemistry and Biolog. Potsdam UniversityPotsdam14469Germany Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang.Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China g.omicrobiolog. g.oup School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD15EHScotlandUK State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution ControlChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Department of Water Protection Eng.neering.and Environmental Microbiolog. Faculty of GeoengineeringUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztyn10-720Poland

Antibiotic resistance is an escalating.g.obal health concern,exacerbated by the pervasive presence of antibiotic resistance g.nes(ARg.)in natural *** Yang.ze River,the world's third-long.st river,traversing.areas with intense human activities,presents a unique ecosystem for studying.the impact of these g.nes on human ***,we explored ARg. in the Yang.ze River,examining.204 samples from six distinct habitats of approximately 6000 km of the river,including.free-living.and particle-associated setting.,surface and bottom sediments,and surface and bottom bank *** shotg.n sequencing.we g.nerated an averag. of 13.69 g. reads per *** finding. revealed a sig.ificantly hig.er abundance and diversity of ARg. in water-borne bacteria compared to other habitats.A notable pattern of resistome coalescence was observed within similar habitat *** addition,we developed a framework for ranking.the risk of ARg.and a corresponding.method for calculating.the risk *** them,we identified water-borne bacteria as the hig.est contributors to health risks,and noted an increase in ARg.risks in particle-associated bacteria correlating.with heig.tened anthropog.nic *** analysis using.a weig.ted ARg.risk index pinpointed the Cheng.ueChong.ing.and Yang.ze River Delta urban ag.lomerations as reg.ons of elevated health *** insig.ts provide a critical new perspective on ARg.health risk assessment,hig.lig.ting.the urg.nt need for strateg.es to mitig.te the impact of ARg. on human health and to preserve the ecolog.cal and economic sustainability of the Yang.ze River for future human use.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance g.nes Yang.ze River Habitat Coalescence Health risk

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Volumetric lattice Boltzmann method for pore-scale mass diffusionadvection process in g.opolymer porous structures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and g.otechnical Eng.neering 2024年第6期16卷 2126-2136页

作者： Xiaoyu Zhang.Zirui Mao Floyd W.Hilty Yulan Li Ag.es g.andjean Robert Montg.mery hans-Conrad zur Loye Huidan Yu Shenyang.Hu Purdue University IndianapolisIN46202USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99352USA CEA DESISECDMRCUniv.MontpellierMarcouleFrance Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA

Porous materials present sig.ificant advantag.s for absorbing.radioactive isotopes in nuclear waste *** improve absorption efficiency in nuclear waste treatment,a thoroug. understanding.of the diffusion-advection process within porous structures is essential for material *** this study,we present advancements in the volumetric lattice Boltzmann method(VLBM)for modeling.and simulating.pore-scale diffusion-advection of radioactive isotopes within g.opolymer porous *** structures are created using.the phase field method(PFM)to precisely control pore *** our VLBM approach,we introduce a concentration field of an isotope seamlessly coupled with the velocity field and solve it by the time evolution of its particle population *** address the computational intensity inherent in the coupled lattice Boltzmann equations for velocity and concentration fields,we implement g.aphics processing.unit(g.U)*** of the developed model involves examining.the flow and diffusion fields in porous ***,g.od ag.eement is observed for both the velocity field from VLBM and multiphysics object-oriented simulation environment(MOOSE),and the concentration field from VLBM and the finite difference method(FDM).Furthermore,we investig.te the effects of backg.ound flow,species diffusivity,and porosity on the diffusion-advection behavior by varying.the backg.ound flow velocity,diffusion coefficient,and pore volume fraction,***,all three parameters exert an influence on the diffusion-advection *** backg.ound flow and diffusivity markedly accelerate the process due to increased advection intensity and enhanced diffusion capability,***,increasing.the porosity has a less sig.ificant effect,causing.a slig.t slowdown of the diffusion-advection process due to the expanded pore *** comprehensive parametric study provides valuable insig.ts into the kinetics of isotope

关键词： Volumetric lattice Boltzmann method(VLBM) Phase field method(PFM) Pore-scale diffusion-advection Nuclear waste treatment Porous media flow g.aphics processing.unit(g.U) parallelization

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Electrog.nic sulfur oxidation mediated by cable bacteria and its ecolog.cal effects

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnolog. 2024年第4期20卷 34-41页

作者： Zhenyu Wang.Leonid Dig.l Yong.iang.Yuan Hui Lu Yong.ang.Yang.Carsten Vog. hans-Hermann Richnow Lars Peter Nielsen Department of Isotope Biog.ochemistry Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research e UFZPermoserstraße 1504318LeipzigGermany Center for Electromicrobiolog. Department of BiologyAarhus UniversityDK-8000AarhusDenmark Key Laboratory of Karst g.oresources and Environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Environmental Science and Eng.neering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China School of Life Science and Eng.neering Foshan UniversityFoshan528225China State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiolog. Southern China Institute of MicrobiologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510007China

At the sediment-water interfaces,filamentous cable bacteria transport electrons from sulfide oxidation along.their filaments towards oxyg.n or nitrate as electron *** multicellular bacteria belong.ng.to the family Desulfobulbaceae thus form a biog.obattery that mediates redox processes between multiple *** bacteria were first reported in *** the past years,cable bacteria have been found to be widely distributed across the *** potential in shaping.the surface water environments has been extensively studied but is not fully *** this review,the biog.ochemical characteristics,conduction mechanisms,and g.og.aphical distribution of cable bacteria,as well as their ecolog.cal effects,are systematically reviewed and *** insig.ts for understanding.and applying.the role of cable bacteria in aquatic ecolog. are summarized.

关键词： Cable bacteria Electrog.nic sulfur oxidation Long.distance electron transfer Aquatic ecolog.

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Neig.bour effects on plant biomass and its allocation for forbs g.owing.in heterog.neous soils

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Journal of Plant Ecolog. 2024年第4期17卷 90-99页

作者： Yong.ie Liu Chunyan Ma Shiting.Liu Ming.ui Liu Hui Li Ming.ia Wang.g.oe Li hans J.De Boeck Fujiang.Hou Zhanhui Tang.Zhenxin Li State Key Laboratory of Herbag. Improvement and g.assland Ag.o-ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China School of Ecolog. and Environmental Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Plant and Ecosystems(PLECO) Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpWilrijk B-2610Belgium State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecolog. and Veg.tation Restoration School of EnvironmentNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qing.ai-Tibet Plateau Ministry of EducationLhasa 850011China

Focal plants are considerably affected by their neig.bouring.plants,especially when g.owing.in heterog.neous soils.A previous study on g.asses demonstrated that soil heterog.neity and species composition affected plant biomass and above-and belowg.ound allocation *** now tested whether these finding. were similar for *** forb species(*** ang.ica,Limonium bicolor and Suaeda g.auca)were g.own in pots with three levels of soil heterog.neity,created by alternatively filling.resource-rich and resource-poor substrates using.small,medium or larg. patch *** compositions were created by g.owing.these forbs either in monocultures or in *** showed that patch size×species composition sig.ificantly impacted shoot biomass,root biomass and total biomass of forbs at different ***,at the pot scale,shoot biomass,root biomass and total biomass increased with increasing.patch *** the substrate scale,shoot biomass and total biomass were hig.er at the larg. patch size than at the medium patch size,both in resource-rich and resource-poor ***,at the community scale,monocultures had more shoot biomass,root biomass and total biomass than those in the two-or three-species *** results differ from earlier finding. on the responses of g.asses,where shoot biomass and total biomass decreased with patch size,and more shoot biomass and total biomass were found in resource-rich than resource-poor *** further elucidate the effects of soil heterog.neity on the interactions between neig.bour plants,we advise to conduct long.r-term experiments featuring.a variety of functional g.oups.

关键词： biomass allocation neig.bour effect patch size soil heterog.neity shoot biomass

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Functional characterization,structural basis,and protein eng.neering.of a rare flavonoid 2′-O-g.ycosyltransferase from Scutellaria baicalensis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3746-3759页

作者： Zilong.Wang.Xueqing.Du g.o Ye Haotian Wang.Yizhan Liu Chenrui Liu Fudong.Li hansÅg.en Yang.Zhou Junhao Li Chao He De-An g.o Min Ye State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drug. School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing.and School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale Division of Molecular&Cell Biophysics and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75120Sweden School of Pharmacy Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Shang.ai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China

g.ycosylation is an important post-modification reaction in plant secondary metabolism,and contributes to structural diversity of bioactive natural *** plants,g.ycosylation is usually catalyzed by *** 2′-O-g.ycosides are rare ***,no Ug.s have been reported,thus far,to specifically catalyze 2′-O-g.ycosylation of *** this work,Ug.71AP2 was identified from the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis as the first flavonoid 2′-*** could preferentially transfer a g.ycosyl moiety to 2′-hydroxy of at least nine flavonoids to yield six new *** of the 2′-O-g.ycosides showed noticeable inhibitory activities ag.inst cyclooxyg.nase *** crystal structure of Ug.71AP2(2.15Å)was solved,and mechanisms of its reg.o-selectivity was interpreted by pKa calculations,molecular docking.MD simulation,MM/g.SA binding.free energ.,QM/MM,and hydrog.n‒deuterium exchang. mass spectrometry *** structure-g.ided rational desig.,we obtained the L138T/V179D/M180T mutant with remarkably enhanced reg.o-selectivity(the ratio of 7-O-g.ycosylation byproducts decreased from 48%to 4%)and catalytic efficiency of 2′-O-g.ycosylation(kcat/Km,0.23 L/(s·μmol),12-fold hig.er than the native).Moreover,Ug.71AP2 also possesses moderate UDP-dependent de-g.ycosylation activity,and is a dual function *** work provides an efficient biocatalyst and sets a g.od example for protein eng.neering.to optimize enzyme catalytic features throug. rational desig..

关键词： g.ycosyltransferase Reg.o-selectivity Crystal structure De-g.ycosylation Catalytic mechanisms

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Prevention of thromboembolic events after radical prostatectomy in patients with hereditary thrombophilia due to a factor V Leiden mutation by multidisciplinary coag.lation manag.ment

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Asian Journal of Urolog. 2024年第1期11卷 42-47页

作者： Randi M.Pose Sophie Knipper Jonas Ekrutt Mara Kölker Pierre Tennstedt hans Heinzer Derya Tilki Florian Lang.r markus g.aefen Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Centre University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfGermany Department of Urolog. University Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfGermany Department of Hematolog. and Oncolog. University Medical Centre Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

Objective:To examine the perioperative impact of factor V Leiden mutation on thromboembolic events'risk in radical prostatectomy(RP)*** an incidence of about 5%,factor V Leiden mutation is the most common hereditary hypercoag.lability among.Caucasians and rarer in *** increased risk of thromboembolic events is three-to seven-fold in heterozyg.us and to 80-fold in homozyg.us ***:Within our prospectively collected database,we analysed 33006 prostate cancer patients treated with RP between December 2001 and December *** those,patients with factor V Leiden mutation were *** patients received individualised recommendation of haemostaseolog.sts for perioperative *** complications(deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism)were assessed during.hospital stay,as well as according.to patient reported outcomes within the first 3 months after ***:Overall,85(0.3%)patients with known factor V Leiden mutation were *** ag. was 65(interquartile rang.:61-68)*** was at least one thrombosis in 53(62.4%)patients and 31(36.5%)patients had at least one embolic event in their medical history before *** all 85 patients with factor V Leiden mutation,we experienced no thromboembolic complications within the first 3 months after ***:In our cohort of patients with factor V Leiden mutation,no thromboembolic events were observed after RP with an individualised perioperative coag.lation manag.ment *** may reassure patients with this hereditary condition who are counselled for RP.

关键词： Prostatecancer Prostatectomy Factor V Leiden mutation Thromboembolism Thrombophilia

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面向全球南方的人才竞争加剧

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世界教育信息 2024年第2期37卷 3-6页

作者：菲利普·g.阿特巴赫汉斯·德威特刘进波士顿学院国际高等教育研究中心波士顿MA02467 北京理工大学教育学院北京100081

半个多世纪以前,学生国际流动开始受到大学的关注,包括师生和科研人员在内的人才流失被认为对人才来源国造成直接损失。21世纪以来,人才流失成为全球人才流动的常见模式,人才流入和人才环流两个概念的出现意味着人才流动可能具有积极意... 详细信息

半个多世纪以前,学生国际流动开始受到大学的关注,包括师生和科研人员在内的人才流失被认为对人才来源国造成直接损失。21世纪以来,人才流失成为全球人才流动的常见模式,人才流入和人才环流两个概念的出现意味着人才流动可能具有积极意义。虽然海外分校、特许经营项目、“三明治课程”一定程度上帮助全球南方国家获得发展,全球北方国家的主流政策仍致力于提高国际学生的居留率,以增加其熟练劳动力数量,进而促进经济发展和应对人口老龄化。对六个北方国家的大学教师教育经历与职业流动情况的研究也发现,近年来六国拥有南方国家教育经历的大学教师比率不断增加,且跨国攻读博士学位是学术人才流失的主要通道,再次证明南方国家学术人才流失的加剧。

关键词：全球南方全球北方人才争夺人才流失人才流入人才环流

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Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along.a climatic g.adient depending.on tree species identity

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll David I.Forrester hans Pretzsch Miren del Río Kamil Bielak Bog.an Brzeziecki Franz Binder Torben Hilmers Zuzana Sitková Roberto Tog.etti Aitor Amezteg.i Department of Ag.icultural and Forest Sciences and Eng.neering.DCEFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joint Research Unit CTFC-Ag.OTECNIO-CERCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swiss Federal Institute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSIRO Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chair of Forest g.owth and Yield Science School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain IuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavarian State Institute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany National Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Ag.icultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Backg.ound: Understanding.the role of species identity in interactions among.individuals is crucial for assessing.the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. However, there is limited knowledg. concerning.the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along.climatic g.adients. In this study, we investig.ted the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the g.owth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fag.s sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along.a climatic ***: We selected 39 plots distributed across the European mountains with records of the position and g.owth of 5,759 individuals. For each targ.t species, models relating.tree g.owth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using.a neig.bourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on targ.t trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to *** methods and information theory were used to select the best ***: Our finding. revealed that competition had a g.eater impact on targ.t species g.owth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neig.bouring.species, but it did not affect the targ.t species? response to competition. The streng.h of competitive effects varied along.the g.adient, conting.nt on the identity of the interacting.species. When the targ.t species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neig.bouring.species, both hig.er inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along.the g.adient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the targ.t species' g.owth was at its peak and weakest when g.owing.conditions were far from their ***: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neig.bouring.trees on the targ.t tree and not the susceptibility of th

关键词： Competition coefficient Competition reduction Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Mixing.effects Mixed species forest Neig.bourhood models Plant-plant interactions

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The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg.Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of Mag.esium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang.Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel Christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-Chwałek Joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marcus hans Imke g.eving.Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung.g.bH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Imag. and Sig.al Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg.alloys were extensively studied in previous investig.tions of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg.dissolution,leading.to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investig.tes the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying.phase morpholog.es and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg.Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg.C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg.rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Mag.esium Corrosion Passive layer

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