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Assessing the impact of conceptual mineral systems uncertainty on prospectivity predictions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 182-207页

作者： mark d Lindsay Agnieszka M.Piechocka mark W Jessell Richard Scalzo Jeremie Giraud Guillaume Pirot Edward Cripps Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Mineral Resources Australian Resources Research CentreWA 6151Australia Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre Centre for Exploration TargetingSchool of Earth SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia ARC Centre for data Analytics for Resources and Environments(dARE) Perth and SydneyAustralia University of Sydney School of Mathematics and StatisticsSydneyAustralia Universitéde Lorraine GeoRessourcesCNRS54000 NancyFrance The University of Western Australia Department of Mathematics and StatisticsPerthAustralia

The past two decades have seen a rapid adoption of artificial intelligence methods applied to mineral exploration. More recently, the easier acquisition of some types of data has inspired a broad literature that has examined many machine learning and modelling techniques that combine exploration criteria,or ’features’, to generate predictions for mineral prospectivity. Central to the design of prospectivity models is a ’mineral system’, a conceptual model describing the key geological elements that control the timing and location of economic mineralisation. The mineral systems model defines what constitutes a training set, which features represent geological evidence of mineralisation, how features are engineered and what modelling methods are used. Mineral systems are knowledge-driven conceptual models, thus all parameter choices are subject to human biases and opinion so alternative models are ***, the effect of alternative mineral systems models on prospectivity is rarely compared despite the potential to heavily influence final predictions. In this study, we focus on the effect of conceptual uncertainty on Fe ore prospectivity models in the Hamersley region, Western Australia. Four important considerations are tested.(1) Five different supergene and hypogene conceptual mineral systems models guide the inputs for five forest-based classification prospectivity models model.(2) To represent conceptual uncertainty, the predictions are then combined for prospectivity model comparison.(3)Representation of three-dimensional objects as two-dimensional features are tested to address commonly ignored thickness of geological units.(4) The training dataset is composed of known economic mineralisation sites(deposits) as ’positive’ examples, and exploration drilling data providing ’negative’sampling locations. Each of the spatial predictions are assessed using independent performance metrics common to AI-based classification methods and subjected to geological pl

关键词： Uncertainty Modelling Prospectivity Economic geology Geological plausibility Forest-based classification

Protecting miners from coal bursts during development above historic mine workings in Harlan County,KY

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 111-116页

作者： Christopher mark Mine Safety and Health Administration PittsburghPA 15236USA

In order to reach a large,untapped reserve of high-quality coal,d8 Cloverlick Mine proposed to mine a corridor nearly 600 m deep beneath the Benham Spur of Black Mountain,Kentucky’s highest peak.d8 Cloverlick Mine was extracting the Owl seam,but the corridor’s route lay approximately 20 m above century-old mine workings in the C–(darby)*** to the concern,three serious coal bursts had recently occurred in nearby Owl seam *** of the old workings seemed to indicate that the underlying C–seam had been fully ***,two of the coal bursts had occurred above areas where the C–Seam was also shown as mined *** Safety and Health Administration(MSHA)Technical Support therefore investigated the records of past mining to better understand the old mine *** conditions observed in current Owl seam workings were also compared with the maps of the old C–seam *** study concluded that the presence of hazardous underlying remnants could not be ruled *** mitigate the burst risk,d8 Cloverlick Mine adopted a strategy of stress probe drilling.A self-propelled coal drill was used to auger 11.5-m-long,small diameter holes in advance of *** each hole was drilled,the cuttings were measured to detect the presence of highly stressed *** the crossing was successfully completed without incident.

关键词： Coal bursts Underground mining Room-and-pillar destressing

Rapid range expansion predicted for the Common Grackle(Quiscalus quiscula)in the near future under climate change scenarios

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 569-575页

作者： Peter Capainolo Utku Perktaş mark dEFellowes division of Vertebrate Zoology-department of Ornithology American Museum of Natural HistoryCentral Park West@79th StreetNew YorkNY 10024-5192USA People and Wildlife Research Group School of Biological SciencesUniversity of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66ASUK depart-ment of Biology(Zoology Section Biogeography Research Laboratory)Faculty of ScienceHacettepe UniversityBeytepe06800 AnkaraTurkey

Background:Climate change due to anthropogenic global warming is the most important factor that will affect future range distribution of species and will shape future biogeographic *** much effort has been expended in understanding how climate change will affect rare and declining species we have less of an understanding of the likely consequences for some abundant *** Common Grackle(Quiscalus quiscula;Linnaeus 1758),though declining in portions of its range,is a widespread blackbird(Icteridae)species in North America east of the Rocky *** study examined how climate change might affect the future range distribution of Common ***:We used the R package Wallace and six general climate models(ACCESS1-0,BCC-CSM1-1,CESM1-CAM5-1-FV2,CNRM-CM5,MIROC-ESM,and MPI-ESM-LR)available for the future(2070)to identify climatically suitable areas,with an ecological niche modelling approach that includes the use of environmental ***:Future projections suggested a significant expansion from the current range into northern parts of North America and Alaska,even under more optimistic climate change ***,there is evidence of possible future colonization of islands in the Caribbean as well as coastal regions in eastern Central *** most important bioclimatic variables for model predictions were Annual Mean Temperature,Temperature Seasonality,Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter and Annual ***:The results suggest that the Common Grackle could continue to expand its range in North America over the next 50 *** research is important in helping us understand how climate change will affect future range patterns of widespread,common bird species.

关键词： Annual mean temperature Climate change Common Grackle Ecological niche modelling Range shift Seasonality

Application and validation of a 3-d calcium,chloride,and sulfate model in Lake Okeechobee

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 1-19页

作者： Kang-Ren Jin mark d Shafer Zhen-Gang Ji Lead Scientist South Florida Water Management DistrictP.O.Box 24680West Palm BeachFL 33416-4680USA Senior Environmental Engineer US Army Corps Engineers701 San Marco BlvdJacksonvilleFL 32207-8175USA Adjunct Professor Department of Civil EngineeringCatholic University of AmericaPangborn HallRoom G12WashingtonDC 20064USA

Introduction: The calibration, verification, and validation of calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), and sulfate (SO_(4)) module ofthe Lake Okeechobee Environment Model (LOEM) was completed. The integrated model could simulate Ca, Cl, andSO_(4) concentrations and transport due to wind driven currents and waves from 1 Oct 1999 to 30 Sept 2009 in LakeOkeechobee. The enhanced model was also used to estimate lake water quality effects resulting from differentmanagement scenarios that include discharges from planned aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) ***: The fate and transport processes of Ca, Cl, and SO_(4) are controlled by their reactivity and their hydrodynamictransport. Reactivity includes chemical, biological, and bio-uptake processes (IJRSA 33:2233-2260, 2012). Hydrodynamictransport includes advection of water current, diffusion, and turbulent mixing within the water column. The depositionand resuspension on the water-sediment bed interface is also included. The mathematical equations for describing Ca,Cl, and SO_(4) substances, including heavy metal and total organic carbon (TOC), are ***: Both the statistical results and the time series comparisons indicate that the simulation of Ca, Cl, and SO_(4) aregenerally simulated well by the LOEM. The root mean square error over the variance rage is Cl dSO_(4) d SO_(4) concentrations in the lake were largely controlled by water temperature and lakeevaporation. Inflows to the lake can also have localized effects on chloride variations. Shallow water depth and highevaporation contribute to high Cl/Ca/ SO_(4) concentration in the lake.

关键词： Ca Cl SO_(4)modeling Lake Okeechobee Long-term simulation Environmental modeling

Immunocamouflage of latex surfaces by grafted methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)(mPEG):Proteomic analysis of plasma protein adsorption

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第3期55卷 191-201页

作者： LE Yevgeniya LI Li WANG dunCheng SCOTT mark d Canadian Blood Services Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada Centre for Blood Research University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada

Grafting of methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)(mPEG) to cells and biomaterials is a promising non-pharmacological immunomodulation ***,due to the labile nature of cells,surface-plasma interactions are poorly understood;hence,a latex bead model was *** of beads resulted in a density and molecular weight dependent decrease in total adsorbed protein with a net reduction from(159.9±6.4) ng cm-2 on bare latex to(18.4±0.8) and(52.3±5.3) ng cm-2 on PEGylated beads(1 mmol L-1 of 2 or 20 kd SCmPEG,respectively).SdS-PAGE and iTRAQ-MS analysis revealed differential compositions of the adsorbed protein layer on the PEGylated latex with a significant reduction in the compositional abundance of proteins involved in immune system ***,the biological efficacy of immunocamouflaged cells and materials is mediated by both biophysical obfuscation of antigens and reduced surface-macromolecule interactions.

关键词： PEGylation immunocamouflage iTRAQ mass spectrometry polystyrene latex protein adsorption proteomics meth-oxypoly(ethylene glycol) polymer

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala mark dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5d,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(Sd),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWd)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWd 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREAdY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Transoral robotic surgery *** partial midline glossectomy for obstructive sleep apnea

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2017年第2期3卷 101-105页

作者： david Folk mark d'Agostino Yale University Section of OtolaryngologyDepartment of SurgeryNew HavenCTUSA Middlesex Hospital MiddletownCTUSA

Objective:To compare sleep-related outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients following base of tongue resection via robotic surgery and endoscopic midline ***:This was a retrospective study.A total of 114 robotic and 37 endoscopic midline glossectomy surgeries were performed between July 2010 and April 2015 as part of single or multilevel *** were excluded for indications other than sleep apnea or if complete sleep studies were not ***,45 robotic and 16 endoscopic surgeries were included in the ***:In the robotic surgery group there were statistically significant improvements in AHI [(44.4 ± 22.6) events/h-(14.0 ± 3.0) events/h,P ＜ 0.001] Epworth Sleepiness Scale (12.3 ± 4.6 to 4.5 ± 2.9,P ＜ 0.001),and O2 nadir (82.0％ ± 6.1％ to 85.0％ ± 5.4％,P ＜ 0.001).In the endoscopic group there were also improvements in AHI (48.7 ± 30.2 to 27.4 ± 31.9,P =0.06),Epworth Sleepiness Scale (12.6 ± 5.5 to 8.3 ± 4.5,P =0.08),and O2 nadir (80.2％ ± 8.6％ to 82.7％ ± 6.5％,P =0.4).Surgical success rate was 75.6％ and 56.3％ in the robotic and endoscopic groups,*** volume of tissue removed was predictive of surgical success in the robotic cases (10.3 vs.8.6 ml,P =0.02).Conclusions:Both robotic surgery and endoscopic techniques for tongue base reduction improve objective measures of sleep *** success rates may be achieved with robotic surgery compared to traditional methods.

关键词： Sleep surgery Transoral robotic surgery TORS Midline glossectomy Partial glossectomy Posterior glossectomy

Genotype-by-environment interaction for grain yield among novel cowpea(Vigna unguiculata L.) selections derived by gamma irradiation

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The Crop Journal 2018年第3期6卷 306-313页

作者： Lydia Horn Hussein Shimelis Fatma Sarsu Learnmore Mwadzingeni mark d.Laing African Centre for Crop Improvement University of Kwa Zulu-Natal directorate of Research and Training Plant Production ResearchMinistry of AgricultureWater and Forestry Plant Breeding and Genetics Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture

This study determined the effects of genotype-by-environment(G × E) interaction and stability of yield among elite cowpea(Vigna unguiculata L.) selections derived by gamma irradiation. The study was conducted in Namibia at three selected sites: Bagani, Mannheim,and Omahenene, during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Thirty-four newly developed mutant genotypes and three local checks were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Grain yield data were analyzed using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) and the genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE) biplot methods. The AMMI and GGE biplot models explained 77.49% and 75.57% of total observed genotypic variation, *** and Omahenene were the environments best discriminating the test genotypes during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, respectively. Four promising mutant genotypes: G9(Sh L3 P74), G10(Sh R3 P4), G12(Sh R9 P5), and G4(Sh L2 P4), showed wide adaptation and grain yields of 2.83, 2.06, 1.99, and 1.95 t ha^(-1), respectively. The novel mutant lines are useful genetic resources for production or future cowpea breeding programs in Namibia or similar environments.

关键词： AMMI Cowpea Genotype by environment interaction GGE biplot Mutants

Breeding wheat for drought tolerance： Progress and technologies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第5期15卷 935-943页

作者： Learnmore Mwadzingeni Hussein Shimelis Ernest dube mark d Laing Toi J Tsilo College of Agriculture Engineering and Science University of KwaZulu-Natal/African Centre for Crop Improvement Scottsville 3209 South Africa Agricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute (ARC-SGI) Bethlehem 9700 South Africa

Recurrent drought associated with climate change is among the principal constraints to global productivity of wheat（Triticum aestivum（L.） and T. turgidum（L.））. Numerous efforts to mitigate drought through breeding resilient varieties are underway across the world. Progress is, however, hampered because drought tolerance is a complex trait that is controlled by many genes and its full expression is affected by the environment. Furthermore, wheat has a structurally intricate and large genome. Consequently, breeding for drought tolerance requires the integration of various knowledge systems and methodologies from multiple disciplines in plant sciences. This review summarizes the progress made in dry land wheat improvement, advances in knowledge, complementary methodologies, and perspectives towards breeding for drought tolerance in the crop to create a coherent overview. Phenotypic, biochemical and genomics-assisted selection methodologies are discussed as leading research components used to exploit genetic variation. Advances in phenomic and genomic technologies are highlighted as options to circumvent existing bottlenecks in phenotypic and genomic selection, and gene transfer. The prospects of further integration of these technologies with other omics technologies are also provided.

关键词： drought tolerance genomic selection genotyping phenotyping wheat