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Repression of the Arabidopsis thaliana Jasmonic Acid/Ethylene-Induced defense Pathway by TGA-Interacting Glutaredoxins depends on Their C-Terminal ALWL Motif

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 831-840页

作者： mark Zander Shuxia Chen Julia Imkampe Corinna Thurow Christiane Gatz Albrecht-von-Hailer-Institute for Plant Sciences Georg-August-University Gottingen Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3 D-37077 Gottingen Germany College of Horticulture Northwest A&F University Taicheng Road 3 Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China

Glutaredoxins are small heat-stable oxidoreductases that transfer electrons from glutathione （GSH） to oxi- dized cysteine residues, thereby contributing to protein integrity and regulation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, floral glutare- doxins ROXY1 and ROXY2 and pathogen-induced ROXY19/GRX480 interact with bZIP transcription factors of the TGACG （TGA） motif-binding family. ROXY1, ROXY2, and TGA factors PERIANTHIA, TGA9, and TGA10 play essential roles in floral development. In contrast, ectopically expressed ROXY19/GRX480 negatively regulates expression of jasmonic acid （JA）/ ethylene （ET）-induced defense genes through an unknown mechanism that requires clade II transcription factors TGA2, TGA5, and/or TGA6. Here, we report that at least 17 of the 21 land plant-specific glutaredoxins encoded in the Arabidopsis genome interact with TGA2 in a yeast-two-hybrid system. To investigate their capacity to interfere with the expression of JA/ET-induced genes, we developed a transient expression system. Activation of the ORA59 （OCTAdECANOId-RESPONSIVE ARABIdOPSIS AP2/ERF-domain protein 59） promoter by transcription factor EIN3 （ETHYLENE INSENSITVE 3） was sup- pressed by co-expressed ROXY19/GRX480. Suppression depended on the L＊＊LL motif in the C-terminus of ROXY19/ GRX480. This putative protein interaction domain was recently described as being essential for the TGA/ROXY interaction. Ten of the 17 tested ROXY proteins suppressed ORA59 promoter activity, which correlated with the presence of the C-terminal ALWL motif, which is essential for ROXY1 function in flower development. ROXY19/GRX480-mediated repres- sion depended on the GSH binding site, suggesting that redox modification of either TGA factors or as yet unknown target proteins is important for the suppression of ORA59 promoter activity.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cross-talk defense ethylene jasmonic acid glutaredoxins salicylic acid.

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Compressive and cyclic flexural response of double-hooked-end steel fiber reinforced concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 1104-1126页

作者： demewoz W.MENNA Aikaterini S.GENIKOMSOU mark F.GREEN department of Civil Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada

Recent developments on high-performance double-hooked-end steel fibers have enhanced the wide applications of steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC).This study presents the compressive properties and the cyclic flexural performance of the SFRC that were experimentally *** different double-hooked-end steel fibers at 0.25%,0.5%,0.75%,and 1%volume fractions were *** fiber types had similar length to diameter ratios,while the first two fiber types had similar anchorage mechanisms(4d)and tensile strength and the third type had different anchorage mechanism(5d)and a higher tensile *** increased volumetric ratio of the fibers increased the post-peak compressive strain(ductility),the tensile strength,and the cyclic flexural strength and cumulative energy dissipation characteristics of the *** the 4d fibers,the mixtures with the larger steel fibers showed higher flexural strength and more energy dissipation compared to the SFRCs with smaller size *** 1%steel fiber dosage,4d and 5d specimens showed similar cyclic flexural ***,a 3d finite element model that can predict the monotonic and cyclic flexural responses of the double-hooked-end SFRC was *** calibration process considered the results obtained from the inverse analysis to determine the tensile behavior of the SFRC.

关键词： steel fiber reinforced concrete fiber geometry cyclic loading energy dissipation finite element modeling inverse analysis

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developmental-behavioral pediatrics : evidence and practice

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2008年

作者： mark Wolraich et al

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dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids improves intestinal immunity to Eimeria in broilers treated with anti-interleukin-10 antibody

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 382-389页

作者： Zhouzheng Ren Jiakun Yan Rose Whelan Xujie Liao daniel E.Bütz Maria K.Arendt mark E.Cook Xiaojun Yang Thomas d.Crenshaw College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina department of Animal Sciences University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Oral antibody to interleukin-10(anti-IL-10)enhances the intestinal immune defense against *** sulfur amino acids methionine and cysteine(MtC)play essential roles in inducing and maintaining protective immune responses during intestinal ***,increased dietary MtC may support the anti-IL-10-induced intestinal immunity to ***(n=640)were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial design with 2 levels of each of the 3 main factors:dietary standardized ileal digestible(SId)MtC levels(0.6%or 0.8%),dietary anti-IL-10 supplementation(with or without),and coccidiosis challenge(control or challenge).Briefly,the broilers were supplied with either 0.6%or 0.8%SId MtC,each with or without anti-IL-10(300 mg/kg),from d 10 to *** d 14,broilers from each diet were gavaged with either PBS or *** resulting Eimeria infection induced fecal oocyst shedding and intestinal *** fed 0.8%SId MtC(main effects,P≤0.05)had decreased feed-to-gain ratio,increased duodenum and cecum luminal anti-Eimeria IgA titers,and decreased fecal oocyst counts,when compared to 0.6%SId *** supplementation of anti-IL-10(main effects,P≤0.05)increased cecum luminal total IgA concentration and decreased cecum ***(P≤0.05)were detected for growth performance and cecum luminal IFN-γ.Briefly,the highest body weight gain and feed intake were reached in PBS-gavaged broilers fed 0.8%SId MtC with no anti-IL-10 and in Eimeria-challenged broilers fed 0.8%SId MtC with *** Eimeria-infected broilers,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ and body weight gain only at 0.8%SId ***,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ levels,decreased cecum lesions and restored growth only when fed with adequate amounts of sulfur amino *** findings underscore the importance of providing sufficient essential nutrients to support the anti-IL-10 induced immunity against coccidiosis.

关键词： Chicken Coccidiosis Egg yolk antibody Interleukin-10 Sulfur amino acid

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Pain sensation in pancreatic diseases is not uniform: The different facets of pancreatic pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9154-9161页

作者： Jan G d'Haese mark Hartel Ihsan Ekin demir Ulf Hinz Frank Bergmann markus W Büchler Helmut Friess Güralp O Ceyhan department of Surgery Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technische Universit?t München Unit for documentation and Statistics Department of General Surgery University of Heidelberg Institute of Pathology University of Heidelberg department of General Surgery University of Heidelberg

AIM: To systematically characterize specific pain patterns in the most frequent pancreatic diseases.

关键词： Abdominal pain Pancreatic neoplasm Chronic pancreatitis Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia Pancreatic cancer

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No consistent legacy effects of invasion by giant goldenrod(Solidago gigantea)via soil biota on native plant growth

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 320-327页

作者： Jenifer König mark van Kleunen Wayne dawson department of Biology University of KonstanzUniversitaetsstrasse 10Konstanz D78457Germany

Aims Changes in soil microbial communities after occupation by invasive alien plants can represent legacy effects of invasion that may limit recolonization and establishment of native plant species in soils previously occupied by the *** this study,for three sites in southern Germany,we investigated whether invasion by giant goldenrod(Solidago gigantea)leads to changes in soil biota that result in reduced growth of native plants compared with neighbouring uninvaded *** We grew four native plant species as a community and treated those plants with soil solutions from invaded or uninvaded soils that were sterilized,or live,with live solutions containing different fractions of the soil biota using a decreasing sieve mesh-size *** measured aboveground biomass of the plants in the communities after a 10-week growth *** FindingsAcross all three sites and regardless of invasion,communities treated withd soil solutions had significantly greater biomass than communities treated with the complete soil biota *** indicates that soil biota>20μm are more pathogenic to the native plants than smaller organisms in these *** all three sites,there was only a non-significant tendency for the native community biomass to differ among soil solution types,depending on whether or not the soil was *** one site showed significant differences in community biomass among soil solution types,depending on whether or not the soil was invaded;community biomass was significantly lower when treated with the complete soil biota solution than with soil biotad soil solutions,but only for the invaded *** findings suggest that efforts to restore native communities on soils previously invaded by Solidago gigantea are unlikely to be hindered by changes in soil microbial community composition as a result of previous invasion.

关键词： exotic plants invasive plant impacts plant-soil feedback soil microbes

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老年人麻醉中的神经肌肉阻滞剂

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 1990年第2期11卷 86-88页

作者： mark d Tasch 杨琨

由于老年人的生理和病理特点,致使神经肌肉阻滞剂的效应不同于中年人。肌松剂对老年人的神经肌肉接头和植物神经可能产生更强或更弱的效应。衰老还可能改变机体对肌松药再分布、代谢、排泄的能力。此外。

关键词：老年人麻醉肌松药阻滞剂

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植物神经系统与老年人的麻醉

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 1990年第2期11卷 89-91页

作者： mark d Tasch 杨琨

维持组织灌流量和细胞功能在可接受的范围内,很大程度上依靠植物神经系统(ANS)和它的效应器官。随着年龄增长,感受器、传入传出神经的支配、神经递质的产生、植物神经受体、末梢受体活动或血管树的力学因素退化,均可致植物神经的作用减... 详细信息

维持组织灌流量和细胞功能在可接受的范围内,很大程度上依靠植物神经系统(ANS)和它的效应器官。随着年龄增长,感受器、传入传出神经的支配、神经递质的产生、植物神经受体、末梢受体活动或血管树的力学因素退化,均可致植物神经的作用减弱。心率和血压健康成人静息心率和平均心率似乎不随年龄改变,但阻断迷走、交感神经作用后,则可见其固有心率随年龄下降,在部分老年人。

关键词：植物神经系统老年人麻醉

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Overhead shoulder press - In-front of the head or behind the head？

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第3期4卷 250-257页

作者： mark R. McKean Brendan J. Burkett Faculty of Science Health and Education School of Health and Sport Sciences University of the Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Queensland 4556 A ustralia

Background： Using a cross-sectional design comparison, two overhead press techniques （in-front of the head or behind the head） were compared. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of behind the head or in-front of the head overhead pressing technique on shoulder range of movement （ROM） and spine posture. The overhead press is commonly prescribed exercise. The two techniques （in-front of the head or behind the head） may influence joint mechanics and therefore require an objective analysis. Methods： Passive shoulder ROM quantified using goniometric measures, dynamic ROM utilised three-dimensional （3d） biomechanical mea- sures （120 Hz） of 33 participants performing overhead pressing in a seated position. The timing and synchronisation of the upper limb shoulder and spine segments were quantified and influence of each technique was investigated. Results： The in-front technique commenced in lordotic position, whilst behind the head technique commenced in kyphotic position. Behind the head technique started with less thoracic extension than in-front condition. The thoracic spine remained extended and moved between 12~ and 15~ regardless of gender or technique. The techniques resulted in a significant difference between genders. Males were able to maintain a flat or normal lumbar lordosis, whereas females tended to kyphotic. Conclusion： Shoulder ROM was within passive ROM for all measures except external rotation for males with the behind the head technique. To avoid possible injury passive ROM should be increased prior to behind the head protocol. Females showed greater spine movements, suggesting trunk strengthening may assist overhead pressing techniques. For participants with normal trunk stability and ideal shoulder ROM, overhead pressing is a safe exercise （for the shoulder and spine） when performed either in-front of or behind the head.

关键词： 3RM Head ROM Shoulder flexibility Shoulder press Spine flexion

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First Record of the Poorly Known Skink Sphenomorphus oligolepis(Boulenger,1914)(Reptilia：Squamata： Scincidae) from Seram Island,Maluku Province,Indonesia

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第1期7卷 64-68页

作者： Sven MECKE Max KIECKBUSCH mark O’SHEA Hinrich KAISER department of Animal Evolution and Systematics and Zoological Collection Marburg Faculty of BiologyPhilipps-Universitat MarburgKarl-von-Frisch-Strafle 835032 MarburgGermany Faculty of Science and Engineering University of WolverhamptonWulfruna StreetWolverhamptonWV1 1LYUnited Kingdom West Midland Safari Park BewdleyWorcestershire D Y12 1LFUnited Kingdom department of Biology Victor Valley College18422 Bear Valley RoadVictorvilleCalifornia 92395USA department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDC 20013USA

Based on four specimens discovered in the collection of the natural History Museum, London, United kingdom, we present a new distribution record for the skink Sphenomorphus oligolepis for seram island, Maluku Province, Indonesia. This find constitutes the westernmost record for the species and extends its range by over 800 km. the species was heretofore only known from apparently isolated mainland new Guinean populations.

关键词： scincidae Lygosominae Sphenomorphus oligolepis new record seram Maluku islands indonesia Wallacea

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